generalizations
generalizations — 名詞
- generalizationssingular
- generalizationsesplural
1. a broad statement that treats what is true for a few people or cases as if it we
籠統說法
把少數情況當成普遍事實的說法
a broad statement that treats what is true for a few people or cases as if it were true for everyone or everything
The history teacher warned us to avoid sweeping generalizations about whole countries.
歷史老師提醒我們，不要對整個國家妄下籠統的論斷。
sweeping generalizations about [group]
Tariq's essay was full of generalizations that ignored the facts in each report.
Tariq 的文章充滿了無視各份報告事實的籠統說法。
full of generalizations
Reuben's history paper was returned because its broad generalizations rested on just one news article.
Reuben 的歷史報告被退回，因為文中籠統的說法只建立在一篇新聞報導上。
Lotte rolled her eyes at the lazy generalizations that lumped all artists into one type.
Lotte 對那些把所有藝術家都歸成一類的籠統說法翻了個白眼。
- oversimplification
a broad view that drops important detail; always negative
- stereotype
a fixed, often unfair broad belief about a whole group of people
- assumption
something taken as true without checking, not always so broad
- specifics
the precise details of a single case rather than a broad claim
文法句型
make generalizations about + noun
sweeping generalizations
用法筆記
Often carries a negative judgement — words like 'sweeping', 'lazy', or 'broad' commonly sit in front of it to mark the statement as too simple to trust.
常見錯誤
2. the mental work of studying many separate facts and then drawing a single broad
歸納；概括
從許多事實歸納出通則的過程
the mental work of studying many separate facts and then drawing a single broad idea or rule from them
In science class, students make generalizations after testing the same idea many times.
在自然課上，學生反覆驗證同一個想法後，再做出歸納。
make generalizations after [evidence]
Mira based her generalizations on three years of notes from the same bird colony.
Mira 根據對同一個鳥群長達三年的觀察筆記，做出她的歸納。
base generalizations on [evidence]
Gita drew careful generalizations from the survey before writing her final report.
Gita 在寫最終報告前，先從問卷調查中謹慎地歸納出結論。
Young children form generalizations about animals by watching them at the zoo.
小孩子透過在動物園觀察動物，逐漸形成對動物的概括認識。
- induction
formal reasoning that moves from particular cases to a general rule
- abstraction
pulling one shared idea out of many separate details
- inference
reaching a conclusion from evidence, not always a broad one
- specification
giving exact, detailed points instead of a broad idea
文法句型
make generalizations from + noun
base generalizations on + noun
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 3: this sense names the thinking process of moving from facts to a broad idea, while sense 3 names the broad rule that the process produces.
常見錯誤
3. a wide-reaching rule or conclusion, drawn from many examples, that is meant to h
通則；概論
適用範圍很廣的通則或結論
a wide-reaching rule or conclusion, drawn from many examples, that is meant to hold true in most cases
Anjali taught the class three generalizations that hold true for almost every metal.
Anjali 教全班三條幾乎適用於所有金屬的通則。
generalizations that hold true across [cases]
Christopher shared two simple generalizations about sleep that apply to nearly every busy adult.
Christopher 分享了兩條關於睡眠、幾乎適用於每個忙碌大人的通則。
generalizations apply to [broad group]
Felipe relies on a few broad generalizations to guide his daily business decisions.
Felipe 靠著幾條寬泛的通則，來指引他每天的生意決策。
The professor offered three generalizations that explain how most languages change over time.
這位教授提出三條通則，說明多數語言如何隨時間演變。
- principle
a basic rule that guides how something works or is done
- rule of thumb
a rough, practical guide that works in most situations
- law
a statement of what is always true under set conditions
- exception
a case that does not follow the broad rule
文法句型
generalizations about + noun
generalizations that + clause
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1: this sense treats the broad statement as a useful, well-founded rule, whereas sense 1 marks it as too simple or unfair.