in-person
/ˌɪn ˈpɜːsn/ (bre, ipa) · [ɪnpˈɚsən] /ˌɪn ˈpɜːrsn/ (ame, ipa)
in-person — 形容詞
1. describing an activity or event where all participants gather at the same physic
實體；當面
人在同一現場，非線上
describing an activity or event where all participants gather at the same physical location, instead of taking part through the internet or other remote technology.
The school scheduled an in-person parent-teacher conference for Thursday evening.
學校安排在週四晚上舉行實體家長座談會。
attributive use: in-person + noun (conference)
After two years of online classes, Alessia was excited about her first in-person lecture.
上了兩年線上課程後，Alessia 對第一次實體授課感到非常興奮。
Some clinics offer both in-person appointments and virtual check-ups.
有些診所同時提供現場看診與線上視訊服務。
The company held an in-person training session for all new employees.
公司為所有新進員工舉辦了一場實體訓練課程。
Beatrix prefers in-person shopping so she can try on clothes before buying them.
Beatrix 比較喜歡實體購物，因為可以當場試穿衣服再決定是否購買。
- face-to-face
more common for one-on-one or small-group encounters; in-person also covers events like conferences
- physical
broader and slightly more formal; a physical meeting emphasises the location rather than the format
- on-site
used for work or services happening at a particular building or location
文法句型
in-person + noun (meeting, class, event, interview)
用法筆記
This adjective almost always appears before the noun it describes (an in-person meeting, not ✗ the meeting was in-person). For the predicative meaning (✗ 'the meeting was in-person'), use the adverb phrase 'in person' without the hyphen.
常見錯誤
in-person — 慣用語
1. doing something yourself by being physically present at a place, rather than sen
親自
親自到現場，非透過他人或遠距
doing something yourself by being physically present at a place, rather than sending someone else or participating remotely through technology.
Takeshi could not attend the conference in person, so he joined the live stream instead.
Takeshi 無法親自參加研討會，因此改看線上直播。
contrast: in person vs live stream
You must collect your passport in person because nobody else can pick it up.
你必須親自領取護照；沒有人可以代領。
obligation: must + in person + reason
Padma decided to deliver the invitation in person rather than sending it by post.
Padma 決定親自遞送邀請函，而不是用郵寄的方式。
The author appeared in person at the bookshop to sign copies of her new novel.
那位作家親自到書店為她的新小說簽名。
The prime minister met with the disaster victims in person to hear their concerns.
總理親自會見災民，傾聽他們的心聲。
- personally
adverb with very similar meaning; 'personally' can also mean 'in one's own opinion', which 'in person' does not
- oneself
emphasises that no one acts on your behalf; more formal
- face to face
specifically between two people, while 'in person' can involve a group or an event
文法句型
do something + in person
appear + in person
meet + in person
collect + in person
用法筆記
Commonly used with verbs of travel, attendance, communication, and service (go, attend, collect, deliver, appear, meet, thank, vote). Unlike the adjective 'in-person', this idiom is written as two separate words without a hyphen.