indenture
indenture — 名詞
1. in earlier centuries, a written agreement that legally tied a servant or trainee
勞役契約
舊時將僕人或學徒束縛於雇主的契約
in earlier centuries, a written agreement that legally tied a servant or trainee worker to one employer for a fixed number of years, with no right to leave during that time.
Many poor English children crossed the Atlantic under a seven-year indenture.
許多貧窮的英國孩童在七年勞役契約下橫渡大西洋。
collocation: under indenture
Sahil's ancestor was brought from Bihar to Trinidad under an indenture in 1875.
Sahil 的祖先在1875年依勞役契約從印度比哈爾被帶到千里達。
passive frame: brought under an indenture
After Paloma signed the indenture, she could not look for another master for five years.
Paloma 簽下勞役契約後，五年內都不能另找雇主。
Most indentures of that period bound the worker to provide food, clothing, and shelter at the end.
那個時代的勞役契約多半規定雇主在期滿時要提供食物、衣服和住處。
Dahlia's history class read an old indenture between a Boston blacksmith and a fourteen-year-old boy.
Dahlia 的歷史課讀了一份波士頓鐵匠與一名十四歲男孩之間的舊勞役契約。
文法句型
under indenture
sign an indenture
用法筆記
Almost always discussed in a historical frame (colonial America, Caribbean plantations, Victorian Britain). Pair with year ranges, place names, or words like 'colonial', 'apprentice', 'plantation' to make the historical context clear.
常見錯誤
2. a formal legal paper signed when a company or government borrows money by sellin
債券契約
規範公司債發行條件的正式法律文件
a formal legal paper signed when a company or government borrows money by selling bonds, setting out the interest rate, the repayment date, and what protections the lenders have if the borrower fails to pay.
The indenture for the new city bonds gave investors first claim on water-tax revenue.
這份新市政債券的債券契約讓投資人對水費收入有優先求償權。
collocation: indenture for [bonds]
Mauricio's law firm spent three weeks drafting the indenture for a 500 million dollar bond issue.
Mauricio 的律師事務所花了三週草擬一筆五億美元債券發行的債券契約。
collocation: draft the indenture
Under U.S. law, every public bond sale requires a trust indenture that names a third-party trustee.
依美國法律，每次公開發行債券都必須有一份指定第三方受託人的信託債券契約。
The indenture between the airline and its bondholders forbids any new debt above two billion dollars.
該航空公司與債券持有人之間的債券契約禁止其新增超過二十億美元的負債。
Imani, the in-house counsel, read every page of the indenture before the board voted.
公司內部法務 Imani 在董事會表決前讀完了債券契約的每一頁。
- bond contract
plainer, more general phrase for the same document
- trust deed
British English equivalent in some bond structures
文法句型
indenture between X and Y
trust indenture
用法筆記
Pair with bond-market vocabulary (issuer, trustee, covenant, default, bondholder). Distinguish from sense 1 by context: if money lending is involved, this sense; if a person's labor is bound, sense 1.
常見錯誤
indenture — 動詞
- indenturepresent simple I / you / we / they
- indentures3rd person singular
- indenturing-ing form
- indenturedpast simple
1. in earlier centuries, to formally hand over a person, usually a young boy or gir
立契綁定
舊時以契約將某人交給雇主服勞役
in earlier centuries, to formally hand over a person, usually a young boy or girl, into the service of a master for a set number of years to learn a craft or repay a debt.
At twelve, Pim was indentured to a Dutch silversmith for seven years.
Pim 十二歲時被立契綁定到一位荷蘭銀匠門下服務七年。
passive: be indentured to + master
Many orphans in colonial Boston were indentured to farmers until the age of twenty-one.
殖民時期波士頓的許多孤兒被立契綁定給農夫，直到二十一歲為止。
passive plural frame
Nora's great-grandfather was indentured to a railway company in exchange for free passage to Argentina.
Nora 的曾祖父為換取免費前往阿根廷的船票，被立契綁定到一家鐵路公司。
The poor parish council often indentured local children to nearby cloth makers and tanners.
貧困的教區委員會經常將當地兒童立契綁定給附近的織布匠和製革匠。
Tariq's history teacher explained how planters indentured workers from India after slavery ended.
Tariq 的歷史老師說明種植園主在奴隸制廢除後如何將印度勞工立契綁定。
- apprentice (vb)
narrower; only for craft training, not for plantation labor
- bind
more general; 'indenture' specifies the contract form
- free
as the act of releasing someone from such a bond
文法句型
indenture sb to sb
be indentured to sb
indentured for X years
用法筆記
Most often used in the passive ('was indentured to...'). The active subject, when used, is typically an authority (a parish, a court, a parent), not the worker. Always set in a historical period.