mir
mir — 名詞
1. a village system in old Russia where farmland belonged to the whole community, b
村社
沙俄農地共有、分戶耕作的村社
a village system in old Russia where farmland belonged to the whole community, but each family farmed its own part
In the history film, each mir shared the fields around the village.
在那部歷史電影裡，每個村社都共用村外的田地。
shared the fields around the village
Our teacher said one mir divided land among families every spring.
老師說，一個村社每年春天都會把土地分給各家。
divided land among families
The novel describes a mir where farming families met before planting wheat.
那本小說描寫一個村社裡的農家在播種前先開會。
After the tax change, the mir gave Ivan a smaller plot.
稅制改變後，那個村社分給 Ivan 的耕地更小了。
In old Russia, a mir let neighbors manage the land together.
在舊俄國，村社讓鄰居一起管理土地。
- village commune
the closest general label when the shared land system matters
- commune
broader and not specific to old Russia
- peasant community
focuses on the farming group rather than the land system itself
文法句型
in a mir
the mir divided land
用法筆記
This word is mainly used in history writing about rural Russia before the Revolution. It names the local land-sharing village community, not just any ordinary village.