narcissism
/ˈnɑːsɪsɪzəm/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈnɑːrsɪsɪzəm/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈnär-sə-ˌsi-zəm/ (ame, mw)
narcissism — 名詞
1. the habit of being too pleased with how you look or what you can do, and wanting
自戀
過度欣賞自己外表或能力的傾向
the habit of being too pleased with how you look or what you can do, and wanting other people to praise you for it
Ezra accused his older brother of pure narcissism after he spent an hour fixing his hair.
Ezra 在哥哥花了一小時整理頭髮之後，指責他根本就是自戀。
pattern: accuse [person] of narcissism
Lauren noticed how social media rewards narcissism every time her selfies pulled in hundreds of likes.
每次自拍照吸來幾百個讚，Lauren 就更明白社群媒體有多獎勵自戀。
collocation: rewards / feeds narcissism
Daichi laughed at his own narcissism when he caught himself checking the mirror for the third time before lunch.
Daichi 發現自己午餐前已經第三次照鏡子，忍不住笑自己的自戀。
The actor's narcissism became obvious during interviews, where every question came back to his own talent.
那名演員的自我陶醉在受訪時顯露無遺，每個問題最後都繞回他自己的才華。
A bit of narcissism helps Élise step on stage, though her friends warn her not to feed it too much.
一點點自戀幫助 Élise 踏上舞台，但她的朋友提醒她別把它養得太大。
- vanity
narrower — focuses on appearance and small displays of pride
- self-absorption
neutral wording, more about being mentally inside oneself than seeking praise
- conceit
older, more literary; emphasises an inflated view of one's abilities
- egotism
stresses always centring conversation on oneself
用法筆記
Almost always uncountable and used in a critical or disapproving tone; subject of the criticism is usually a person, occasionally a group or culture.
常見錯誤
2. a personality disorder where a person constantly needs praise from others, puts
自戀人格疾患
需要被讚美、無法理解他人感受的人格疾患
a personality disorder where a person constantly needs praise from others, puts their own wishes far above everyone else's, and cannot understand how the people around them feel
After months of sessions, the therapist gently suggested that Quan's father might be living with narcissism.
經過幾個月的會談，治療師委婉地暗示 Quan 的父親可能患有自戀人格疾患。
pattern: living with narcissism (clinical framing)
Dr. Adisa is leading a long study on how narcissism develops in children raised without warmth.
Adisa 醫師正在主持一項長期研究，探討自戀人格疾患如何在缺乏溫暖的童年中形成。
collocation: narcissism develops
Christopher's lawyer argued that his client's narcissism made him unable to feel the pain he caused others.
Christopher 的律師主張，他當事人的自戀人格疾患讓他無法感受到自己造成的傷害。
Dr. Elena tells students to spot narcissism in a patient who has burned through three marriages and many close friendships.
Elena 醫師告訴學生，要從一名歷經三段婚姻、無數親密友誼破裂的患者身上看出自戀人格疾患。
The clinic offers group therapy for families whose loved ones have been diagnosed with narcissism.
這家診所為家中有人被診斷為自戀人格疾患的家庭提供團體治療。
- narcissistic personality disorder
the full clinical name; used in formal medical writing
- NPD
abbreviation used in psychology and clinical reports
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1: this is the clinical disorder, often written or implied as 'narcissistic personality disorder', and is paired with verbs like 'diagnose', 'treat', 'develop'. Sense 1 is everyday criticism of a personality trait.