permanent
permanent — 形容詞
- permanentpositive
- more permanentcomparative
- most permanentsuperlative
1. continuing for many years or for life, or staying in a form that will not be cha
永久的
多年不消失或無法恢復原狀
continuing for many years or for life, or staying in a form that will not be changed back or removed
The surgery left a permanent scar above Leo's left eyebrow.
那場手術在 Leo 左眉上方留下了永久的疤痕。
collocation: permanent scar
Marta used a permanent marker to label every box in the garage.
Marta 用永久性麥克筆在車庫裡的每個箱子上做標記。
collocation: permanent marker
After the fire, the museum made permanent changes to the front doors.
火災後，博物館把前門做了永久性的改動。
The judge warned that one careless post could cause permanent damage.
法官警告說，一則粗心的貼文可能造成永久的傷害。
collocation: permanent damage
Town workers planted oak trees as a permanent sign of the town's thanks.
鎮公所工人種下橡樹，作為這個城鎮長久的謝意象徵。
- permanent scar
- permanent marker
- permanent change
- permanent damage
- permanent sign
- lasting
Also about continuing a long time, but it does not always suggest forever or an unchangeable result.
- enduring
More formal, often stressing strength through time.
- irreversible
Narrower; used when a change cannot be changed back.
- indelible
Narrower and more formal, especially for marks, ink, or memories.
- temporary
Lasts only for a limited time.
- reversible
Can be changed back to the earlier state.
用法筆記
Often used with results, marks, or damage that cannot be undone. Distinguish from adjective/2: this sense focuses on long-lasting effect, not on something being regularly present in a place or role.
常見錯誤
2. present, available, or set up all the time instead of only for a short period or
固定的
長期存在或正式保留的
present, available, or set up all the time instead of only for a short period or one occasion
After six months, Hana was offered a permanent job at the bakery.
六個月後，Hana 在那家麵包店拿到了固定的工作。
collocation: permanent job
The museum has a permanent exhibition beside the main stairs.
那間博物館在主樓梯旁有一個常設展覽。
collocation: permanent exhibition
Our village clinic finally has a permanent doctor on weekdays.
我們村裡的診所終於在平日有固定的醫師了。
The school needs a permanent music room, not another tent.
那所學校需要一間固定的音樂教室，不是再搭一頂帳篷。
The camp now has permanent toilets near the bus stop.
那個營地現在在公車站旁設有固定的廁所。
- permanent job
- permanent exhibition
- permanent doctor
- permanent room
- permanent toilets
- fixed
Suggests something set in one arrangement or position.
- standing
More formal; often used for arrangements or orders that stay in force.
- established
Stresses that something has been officially created or kept in place.
用法筆記
Common with jobs, staff, displays, rooms, and facilities. Distinguish from adjective/1: this sense is about something being in place all the time, not about a mark or change that cannot be undone.
常見錯誤
permanent — 名詞
- permanentsingular
- permanentsplural
1. a salon process that uses chemicals to give the hair curls that stay for weeks o
燙髮
用藥水做出的持久捲髮
a salon process that uses chemicals to give the hair curls that stay for weeks or months, or the curled style itself
Tina got a permanent at the salon before her cousin's winter wedding.
Tina 在表親的冬季婚禮前，先去髮廊燙了頭髮。
collocation: get a permanent
The permanent looked looser after Amy washed her hair twice.
Amy 洗了兩次頭後，那個燙髮看起來更鬆了。
At the salon, Mrs. Chen asked for a soft permanent.
在髮廊裡，Chen 太太說她想燙一個柔和一點的捲髮。
collocation: soft permanent
Rosa's mother had a permanent at the salon every spring for twenty years.
Rosa 的媽媽二十年來每到春天都會去髮廊燙髮。
collocation: have a permanent
My aunt showed the hairdresser a photo before getting her permanent.
我阿姨在燙髮前先拿照片給髮型師看。
- get a permanent
- have a permanent
- soft permanent
- fresh permanent
- loose permanent
- perm
The short everyday form, much more common in speech.
- permanent wave
The full formal name, now somewhat old-fashioned.
- straight style
A hairstyle without curls.
文法句型
get a permanent
have a permanent
用法筆記
Usually countable. In everyday English, many speakers say perm instead; permanent is the older full form and often appears with get or have.
常見錯誤
同根字
- permanently副詞B2
- permanence名詞C1
- impermanent形容詞C2