played

IPA/pleɪ/
KK[plˈed]IPA/pleɪ/

played — 動詞

  • playedpresent simple I / you / we / they
  • playeds3rd person singular
  • playeding-ing form
  • playededpast simple

1. to amuse yourself by spending time on enjoyable activities, such as games or mak

1.動詞不及物A1
釋義

玩耍

小孩從事有趣的活動

to amuse yourself by spending time on enjoyable activities, such as games or make-believe, particularly in childhood.

例句

The Nguyen children played in the garden until their mother called them inside.

阮家的孩子在花園裡玩耍,直到媽媽叫他們進屋。

play + prepositional phrase of place

Yuki played with her toy trains on the rug while the rain fell outside.

Yuki 在地毯上玩她的玩具火車,外面正下著雨。

play with + toy

同義詞
  • frolic

    more lively and energetic; less common in everyday speech

  • have fun

    broader; can apply to any enjoyable activity, not just children's play

反義詞
  • work

    serious or purposeful activity

文法句型

play + adverb/prepositional phrase

play with + someone/something

用法筆記

Commonly used with prepositions like 'with', 'in', or 'outside' that describe the activity or location. This sense is almost always intransitive.

常見錯誤

I played my toys after dinner.
I played with my toys after dinner.
💡'play' in this sense needs 'with' before the object of fun.

2. to join a structured game or sporting activity with established regulations.

2.動詞及物 / 不及物A1
釋義

打;下;玩

參與有規則的運動或遊戲

to join a structured game or sporting activity with established regulations.

例句

Aisha plays basketball with her friends every Saturday morning.

Aisha 每個星期六早上都和她的朋友一起打籃球。

play + sport (transitive)

Diego played chess with his grandfather after dinner last night.

Diego 昨晚晚餐後和祖父下了一盤棋。

同義詞

文法句型

play + [sport/game]

play with + [group]

play + game + with + someone

常見錯誤

I play the football.
I play football.
💡do not use 'the' before the name of a sport or game.

3. to face an opponent or opposing side in a sporting event or competition.

3.動詞不及物A2
釋義

對戰

在比賽中與對手競爭

to face an opponent or opposing side in a sporting event or competition.

例句

Our school team played against the visiting students from Kyoto.

我們學校的球隊與來自京都的來訪學生比賽。

play against + opponent

Lin scored the winning goal when her class played Class 5B.

Lin 在班上與五年乙班比賽時踢進了致勝的一球。

同義詞
  • compete against

    more formal; used in any competitive context

  • face

    common in sports journalism; shorter and more dramatic

文法句型

play against + [opponent/team]

play + [team] (informal, omitting 'against')

用法筆記

Distinguish from sense 2: 'play football' means take part in the activity, while 'play against France' emphasises the opponent you face. When the opponent is named, you can say 'play + [team]' informally (e.g. 'We play France next week').

常見錯誤

I played against football yesterday.
I played football yesterday.' or 'I played against the other team.
💡'against' is only used with the opponent, not the sport.

4. to strike, propel, or direct the ball toward a target while taking part in a spo

4.動詞及物A2
釋義

擊球;踢球

比賽中擊、踢或傳球

to strike, propel, or direct the ball toward a target while taking part in a sport.

例句

The batter played the ball straight into the catcher's waiting glove.

打擊手把球直接打進了捕手的手套裡。

play + the + ball + [direction]

Fatima played a long pass to her teammate on the left wing.

Fatima 把球長傳給左翼的隊友。

同義詞
  • hit

    more general; not specific to a game context

  • strike

    more forceful; less common in everyday sports talk

文法句型

play + the + ball + [direction/preposition]

play + a + [type of] + pass/shot

用法筆記

Common in ball sports (baseball, cricket, football, golf). The object is always the ball itself — you play the ball, not the player. 'Play a pass' is a common extension meaning to send the ball to a teammate.

常見錯誤

He played the player on the left.
He played the ball to the player on the left.
💡'play' in this sense takes the ball, not the person, as its object.

5. in card games, to pick a card from your hand and lay it on the table as a move.

5.動詞及物B1
釋義

出牌

在牌局中選擇一張牌打出

in card games, to pick a card from your hand and lay it on the table as a move.

例句

Wei played the ace of spades and won the entire round of cards.

Wei 打出了黑桃 A,贏得了整局牌。

play + [card name]

Linh played her last card and smiled at the others around the table.

Linh 打出了最後一張牌,對著桌上的其他人微笑。

同義詞
  • lay down

    emphasises the physical action of placing the card on the table

文法句型

play + [card]

play + [card] + [prepositional phrase]

用法筆記

The metaphorical expression 'play your cards right' (handle a situation skillfully) derives from this sense but is an idiom, not a literal use.

常見錯誤

I played the card of hearts.
I played the ace of hearts.' or 'I played a heart.
💡card suits (hearts, spades, clubs, diamonds) are used without 'card of'.

6. to portray a role in a movie, theatrical production, or TV program.

6.動詞及物A2
釋義

扮演

在戲劇或電影中飾演角色

to portray a role in a movie, theatrical production, or TV program.

例句

In the school play, Mamadou played the role of a brave forest knight.

在學校話劇中,Mamadou 扮演一位勇敢的森林騎士。

play the role of + [character]

A famous actress played the queen in the new historical drama series.

一位知名女演員在新的歷史劇中飾演女王。

同義詞
  • portray

    more formal; suggests deeper character interpretation

  • perform as

    broader; can apply to any public performance, not just acting

文法句型

play + [role/character]

play + [character] + in + [production]

用法筆記

The preposition 'in' introduces the production (film/play/series), while 'as' or the direct object introduces the character. 'Play yourself' means to appear as a fictional version of yourself.

常見錯誤

She played as a doctor in the movie.
She played a doctor in the movie.
💡do not use 'as' before the character name when 'play' is transitive.

7. to choose how you behave or what you say, often pretending to feel something dif

7.動詞及物 / 不及物B1
釋義

裝作;假裝

以特定方式表現或假裝

to choose how you behave or what you say, often pretending to feel something different, to create a specific impression on others

例句

Théo played dumb when the manager asked about the missing file, pretending not to know.

經理到來時,Théo 裝傻,假裝對失踪的文件一無所知。

play + adjective (play dumb = pretend not to know)

The young lawyer decided to play it cool even though she was extremely nervous inside.

那位年輕的女律師決定保持冷靜,儘管她內心極度緊張。

同義詞
  • pretend

    more general; 'pretend to be sick' vs 'play sick' (colloquial pattern)

  • act

    similar; 'act innocent' is interchangeable, but 'play' adds a sense of deliberate performance

文法句型

play + adjective (play dumb / play safe / play innocent)

play + noun phrase (play the fool / play the victim)

用法筆記

This sense almost always uses an adjective or noun phrase after 'play' (play + adjective: play nice, play fair; play + noun phrase: play the hero, play the victim). The adjective describes the pretended state.

常見錯誤

He played like dumb when I asked him.
He played dumb when I asked him.
💡No preposition 'like' is needed between 'play' and the adjective.

8. to trick or deceive someone, either to make people laugh or to get an unfair adv

8.動詞及物B1
釋義

欺騙;捉弄

為了取樂或利益而欺騙

to trick or deceive someone, either to make people laugh or to get an unfair advantage for yourself

例句

Beatrix's older brothers played a trick on her by hiding all of her coloured pencils.

Beatrix 的哥哥們捉弄她,把她的彩色鉛筆全都藏了起來。

play a trick on someone

Nobody liked the new student who tried to play jokes on classmates during the exam.

沒有人喜歡那個在考試期間試圖捉弄同學的新生。

play a joke on someone

同義詞
  • trick

    more direct and neutral; 'trick someone' without the fixed phrase patterns

  • deceive

    more formal; implies serious dishonesty rather than amusement

文法句型

play + [trick/joke] + on + [person]

play + [person] + for a fool

用法筆記

The object of the deception can appear after 'on' ('play a trick on someone') or directly ('play someone for a fool'). 'Play on' followed by an emotion (fear, guilt, sympathy) means to use that emotion to manipulate someone.

常見錯誤

He played a trick to me.
He played a trick on me.
💡Use 'on', not 'to'.

9. to be one of the factors that help something happen or be successful, without be

9.動詞不及物B2
釋義

貢獻;促成

在達成某事中發揮作用

to be one of the factors that help something happen or be successful, without being the only or main cause

例句

Good communication played a major role in the team's successful product launch.

良好的溝通在團隊成功推出產品的過程中扮演了重要角色。

play a role in [outcome]

James's patience played a big part in helping his daughter learn to ride a bicycle.

James 的耐心在幫助女兒學會騎腳踏車方面起了很大的作用。

play a part in [doing something]

同義詞
  • contribute

    more direct; 'contribute to' is the plain equivalent, but 'play a role in' adds nuance of distinct function

  • be involved in

    broader; can mean any level of participation, while 'play a role' suggests a specific function

文法句型

play + a part/role + in + [process/outcome]

play + into + [factor/decision]

用法筆記

Always used with a noun phrase like 'a part', 'a role', or 'into' — never alone (*'Good teamwork played'). The noun phrase describes the degree or kind of contribution.

常見錯誤

His advice played to improve my work.
His advice played a part in improving my work.
💡Use the 'play + a part/role in + gerund' pattern.

10. to produce musical sounds by using an instrument such as a piano, guitar, or dru

10.動詞及物 / 不及物A2
釋義

演奏

用樂器演奏音樂

to produce musical sounds by using an instrument such as a piano, guitar, or drum, or to perform a particular piece of music

例句

Hiro has been playing the cello since he was seven years old.

Hiro 從七歲起就一直學習演奏大提琴。

play + [instrument noun] with 'the'

The street musician played a gentle melody that made passers-by stop to listen.

那位街頭藝人演奏了一首輕柔的樂曲,讓路過的行人停下來聆聽。

同義詞
  • perform

    more formal; 'perform a sonata' suggests a formal concert setting

  • sound

    rare; 'sound the trumpet' is a formal/dated alternative

文法句型

play + [instrument noun] (play the piano / play guitar)

play + [music noun] (play a song / play Beethoven)

用法筆記

When referring to a specific instrument as a general skill, British English uses 'the' (play the piano), while American English often omits it (play piano). When naming the music itself, no article is used: 'play Mozart', 'play jazz'.

常見錯誤

She plays a piano very well.
She plays the piano very well.
💡Use 'the' for instruments when talking about the skill in general.

11. to start or control an electronic item such that it outputs recorded sound, spee

11.動詞及物 / 不及物A2
釋義

播放

讓機器播出聲音或影像

to start or control an electronic item such that it outputs recorded sound, speech, or moving pictures

例句

Arjun pressed the button to play the short film for his classmates.

Arjun 按下按鈕,為同學們播放那部短片。

play + [recording/file]

The children played their favourite songs on the car stereo during the long trip.

孩子們在長途旅行中透過車內音響播放他們最喜歡的歌曲。

同義詞
  • run

    more technical; 'run a video file' is common in computing contexts

  • start

    focuses on the beginning of playback rather than the action itself

反義詞
  • stop

    the opposite action; 'stop the video' vs 'play the video'

文法句型

play + [recording/device noun] (play a CD / play a video)

[device] + is playing (The radio is playing)

用法筆記

This sense applies to any electronic media: audio files, videos, DVDs, streaming content. The machine does not have to be on — 'play' also covers starting the playback.

常見錯誤

I will play the radio loudly.
I will turn up the radio.
💡'Play the radio' is acceptable, but for volume changes use 'turn up/down'.

12. to deliberately aim and direct a stream of light, water, or another substance at

12.動詞及物 / 不及物B2
釋義

照射;掃射

將光線或水流導向某處移動

to deliberately aim and direct a stream of light, water, or another substance at a surface, moving it across as the person or device controlling it chooses

例句

The firefighters played a powerful hose across the burning roof of the old house.

消防隊員將強力水柱對準那棟老房子的著火屋頂噴射。

play + [liquid stream] + across/onto + [surface]

The security guard played a flashlight across the dark warehouse, checking for intruders.

警衛用手電筒掃過漆黑的倉庫,檢查是否有入侵者。

play a flashlight across [surface] — deliberate direction of a beam by a person

同義詞
  • direct

    more straightforward; 'direct a beam at' lacks the gentle/moving nuance of 'play'

  • sweep

    similar for light/beams; 'sweep a spotlight across' implies a wider, faster movement

文法句型

play + [light/water/hose/beam] + on/over/across + [surface]

[light/water/beam] + plays + on/over/across + [surface]

用法筆記

Often used in descriptive or literary contexts. The subject can be a person actively directing something (firefighter playing a hose) or a natural phenomenon moving across a surface (sunlight playing on water). The light/water sense is more common in written than spoken English.

13. When light, a shadow, or an expression moves across a surface or appears on some

13.動詞不及物B2
釋義

閃動;掠過

光線或表情輕快地移動

When light, a shadow, or an expression moves across a surface or appears on someone's face of its own accord, remaining for only a brief moment

例句

Sunlight played across the kitchen tiles as the branches swayed outside the window.

陽光在廚房磁磚上閃動,窗外的樹枝隨風搖擺。

play + preposition (across): gentle movement of light

A small smile played at the corner of Fatima's mouth as she read the message.

Fatima 在讀訊息時,嘴角浮現一抹淺笑。

play + at: used with facial expressions

同義詞
  • flicker

    focuses on quick, unsteady movement of light, without the gentle or graceful feel

  • dance

    more poetic, suggests lively or rhythmic movement

  • move

    neutral and general; lacks the brief, shifting quality of play

文法句型

play + preposition (across/over/on)

用法筆記

Subject is always a visible phenomenon (light, shadow, smile, expression) that appears only briefly. Unlike sense 12, where a person actively directs a beam or stream, this sense is intransitive — the phenomenon moves by itself. Commonly followed by a prepositional phrase of location: across, over, on, at, through. More common in literary or descriptive writing than in everyday speech.

常見錯誤

The children played across the garden.
Shadows played across the garden wall.
💡This sense is only for light, shadows, or expressions, not for people or animals moving.
I played the light on the wall.
The light played on the wall.
💡This sense is intransitive; light plays by itself, you don't play light.

14. to take a financial chance by placing money on the outcome of a card game, a hor

14.動詞及物 / 不及物B2
釋義

賭;投機

冒金錢風險,希望贏更多

to take a financial chance by placing money on the outcome of a card game, a horse race, or a business deal, with the aim of getting back a larger amount than what was originally staked.

例句

Carlos played the stock market for years before he finally lost everything.

Carlos 在股市裡投機了好幾年,最後賠光了所有積蓄。

play the [market]: transitive with financial market as object

Some people meet every Friday night to play poker for money behind the barbershop.

有些人每週五晚上會在理髮店後面聚在一起打撲克賭錢。

play [game] for [stakes]: intransitive + 'for + money'

同義詞
  • gamble

    more direct and general; 'gamble' sounds more serious about the risk

  • bet

    focuses on a single wager on a specific outcome

  • speculate

    more formal, used especially for financial markets

反義詞
  • save

    keeping money instead of risking it

  • invest cautiously

    putting money somewhere with low risk, not hoping for quick gains

文法句型

play + object (the stock market / the horses)

play + for + money

play + at + game

用法筆記

The object is typically the domain where money is risked (the stock market, the horses, the slots) rather than the amount of money bet. 'Play the horses' is a fixed expression for betting on horse races. This sense overlaps with 'gamble', but 'play' can sound slightly less serious or more casual.

常見錯誤

I played $50 on the game.
I bet $50 on the game.' or 'I played the game for $50.
💡'Play' in this sense takes the activity/market as object, not the amount.
She plays gambling every weekend.
She plays the slots every weekend.' or 'She gambles every weekend.
💡'Play' already includes the idea of risking money; don't add 'gambling' as an extra object.

played — 名詞