principle

IPA/ˈprɪnsəpl/
KK[prˈɪnsəpəl]IPA/ˈprɪnsəpl/

principle — 名詞

  • principlesingular
  • principlesplural

1. a general scientific or logical rule that explains how a system, process, or are

1.名詞C1
釋義

原理；法則

解釋系統運作的基本規則

a general scientific or logical rule that explains how a system, process, or area of knowledge operates — for example, the principle of supply and demand in economics, or Archimedes' principle in physics

例句

The principle of supply and demand is central to modern economics.

供需原理是現代經濟學的核心概念。

principle of [field]: a core rule in a discipline

Archimedes' principle explains why some objects float in water.

阿基米德原理解釋為什麼有些物體會浮在水中。

常見搭配
  • basic principle
  • guiding principle
  • first principle
  • work on the same principle
  • principle of [field]
同義詞
  • law

    a principle that is universally observed and often formulated mathematically (e.g., the law of gravity)

  • rule

    a more general term for a guideline; less fundamental than a scientific principle

  • tenet

    a principle held to be true by a group or organisation, especially in religion or politics

用法筆記

Often followed by "of" plus a field of knowledge, as in "the principle of supply and demand" or "principles of design."

常見錯誤

The principal of supply and demand drives prices.
The principle of supply and demand drives prices.
'principal' means the head of a school or most important; 'principle' means a rule or idea.

2. used to say that something is generally accepted as a good idea in theory, even

2.名詞C2
釋義

原則上

理論上大致同意但細節未定

used to say that something is generally accepted as a good idea in theory, even if the practical details are not yet settled or fully carried out

例句

The committee agreed to the plan in principle but requested more details.

委員會原則上同意了這項計畫，但要求提供更多細節。

collocation: agree in principle

In principle, the proposal makes sense — the real difficulty is putting it into action.

這個提案原則上說得通——真正的困難在於如何落實。

contrast: in principle vs. putting into action

常見搭配
  • agree in principle
  • accept in principle
  • possible in principle
同義詞
  • theoretically

    more informal and broader in use; 'in principle' implies the general idea is accepted, whereas 'theoretically' leaves its acceptance open

  • in theory

    nearly interchangeable with 'in principle,' though 'in principle' often carries a stronger hint of agreement

反義詞
  • in practice

    the real-world application, as opposed to the general idea

文法句型

in principle

用法筆記

Used only as a fixed phrase — "in principle." Do not use "by principle" or "on principle" to mean the same thing. "On principle" belongs to sense 3 (see idiom "as a matter of principle").

常見錯誤

By principle, I support the idea.
In principle, I support the idea.
the fixed phrase is 'in principle,' not 'by principle.'

3. a firm personal belief about what is morally right or wrong that guides the way

3.名詞C2
釋義

道德準則

指引行為的是非信念或標準

a firm personal belief about what is morally right or wrong that guides the way you live and behave

例句

Obi refused to lie to the customer because it went against his principles.

Obi 拒絕對客戶說謊，因為這違背了他的原則。

idiom: go against one's principles

Devika left the company as a matter of principle after they fired a colleague unfairly.

Devika 因公司不公平地開除一位同事而基於原則離職了。

idiom: as a matter of principle

常見搭配
  • against one's principles
  • as a matter of principle
  • on principle
  • strong principles
  • a person of principle
  • have principles
同義詞
  • morals

    closely related; 'principles' are more consciously held and often publicly stated, whereas 'morals' can be internal and instinctive

  • values

    broader than principles; values include what you consider important in life, while principles are specific rules of right and wrong

  • ethics

    a formal system of moral principles, often in professional contexts (e.g., medical ethics)

用法筆記

Often uncountable when referring to someone's overall moral character (e.g., "a man of principle") and countable when referring to specific beliefs (e.g., "she has strong principles about honesty").

常見錯誤

I don't eat meat in principle of animals.
I don't eat meat as a matter of principle.' or 'I don't eat meat on principle.
'in principle of' is not a correct phrase.
慣用語

against one's principles

idiom

morally unacceptable to someone, because it conflicts with their personal standards of right and wrong

違背某人的原則

Taking a bribe was completely against Andrei's principles as a public servant.

It would be against my principles to accept money for a review I did not honestly write.

as a matter of principle

idiom

because of your personal moral beliefs, not for practical, financial, or emotional reasons

基於原則考量

Maeve returned the extra change to the cashier as a matter of principle.

Hamza refused the job offer as a matter of principle when he learned the company had broken safety laws.

in principle

idiom

Used to say that something is possible or acceptable as a general idea, even if it has not been done or agreed in detail.

原則上

The committee accepted the plan in principle but asked for changes.

In principle, the new policy should reduce costs for everyone.

同根字

  • principal
    形容詞B2
  • principled
    形容詞C1
  • unprincipled
    形容詞C2

常見搭配

名詞搭配

  • principle + of [field]
  • principle + of [morality]
  • principle + of [physics/economics/design]

副詞搭配

常用片語

介系詞搭配