runoff
runoff — 名詞
- runoffsingular
- runoffsplural
1. A second election or contest between the leading contenders, held because the fi
決選投票
無明顯勝者時舉行的第二次投票
A second election or contest between the leading contenders, held because the first round ended without any candidate gaining enough support to win.
After the primary election, the two leading candidates faced each other in a runoff.
初選結束後，兩位領先的候選人在決選投票中對決。
collocation: face a runoff
The mayoral race was so close that the city organized a runoff three weeks later.
市長競選的結果太過接近，市政府在三週後舉辦了決選投票。
collocation: organize a runoff
Nia won the runoff by a margin of only two hundred votes.
Nia 以僅僅兩百票的差距贏得了決選投票。
In Brazil, a runoff is held when no presidential candidate wins over half the votes in the first round.
在巴西，若總統候選人在第一輪未能獲得過半票數，就會舉行決選投票。
Kenya's election commission announced that the runoff between the two leading candidates would be held on November 15th.
肯亞選舉委員會宣布，兩位領先候選人之間的決選投票將於11月15日舉行。
- deciding round
more general, used in sports as well as elections
- final vote
emphasises the voting rather than the contest as a whole
- primary election
the first round that narrows the field of candidates
文法句型
runoff + election
a runoff between [candidates]
用法筆記
Commonly takes an article (a/the runoff). Often paired with 'election' (runoff election) or used with 'hold', 'face', 'win'.
常見錯誤
2. Rain, melted snow, or other liquid that flows across the ground into rivers, lak
逕流
流經地面的雨水或液體
Rain, melted snow, or other liquid that flows across the ground into rivers, lakes, or drains instead of soaking into the soil.
Heavy rainfall caused agricultural runoff to flow into the nearby river.
暴雨導致農業逕流流入附近的河流。
collocation: agricultural runoff
Farmers use special ditches to control the runoff from their fields.
農民使用特殊溝渠來控制田地的逕流。
collocation: control runoff
The city built new drainage systems to reduce storm-water runoff from the streets.
市政府建造了新的排水系統，以減少來自街道的暴雨逕流。
Fertilizer chemicals in farm runoff from the Ohio Valley have poisoned the river and killed thousands of fish.
來自俄亥俄河谷的農田逕流含有化肥化學物質，已毒害河水並導致數千條魚死亡。
Spring runoff from the Rocky Mountains fills the Colorado River and supplies water for millions of homes.
來自落磯山脈的春季逕流注入科羅拉多河，為數百萬戶家庭提供用水。
- drainage
broader term, can refer to the system as well as the liquid
- surface water
more technical, used in hydrology
- groundwater
water that soaks into the ground rather than flowing over it
文法句型
[type] + runoff
runoff + from + [source]
用法筆記
Typically uncountable. The source or type of runoff is often specified with a preceding noun (agricultural, industrial, storm-water) or the preposition 'from'.