sur

IPA/sɜːr/
KK[sˈɚ]IPA/sɝː/

sur — 字首

1. a prefix attached to verbs, adjectives, and nouns with the meaning 'over', 'abov

1.字首B2
釋義

在…之上；超

表示「在上」、「超越」的前綴

a prefix attached to verbs, adjectives, and nouns with the meaning 'over', 'above', or 'beyond' — for example, to surmount a problem means to get over it; a surreal experience goes beyond what seems real; a surface is the top side of something.

例句

Ziad managed to surmount every obstacle during the marathon.

Ziad 成功克服了馬拉松比賽中的每一個障礙。

surmount = overcome; prefix meaning 'over'

The painting had a dreamlike, almost surreal quality that Linh loved.

那幅畫帶有夢幻般、幾乎超現實的特質，Linh 非常喜歡。

surreal = beyond real; prefix meaning 'beyond'

同義詞
  • over-

    a more productive English prefix (overcome, overflow, overcharge) used with a wider range of base words

  • super-

    a Latin prefix (superhuman, supermarket) with a similar meaning of 'above' but more common in modern coinages

  • hyper-

    a Greek prefix (hyperactive, hypersensitive) meaning 'excessive' or 'extremely', used in technical or informal contexts

反義詞
  • sub-

    a prefix meaning 'under' or 'below' (subway, submarine, substandard)

  • under-

    a prefix meaning 'below' or 'too little' (underestimate, undercook, underground)

用法筆記

The prefix sur- comes from French and Latin. It appears in formal and academic vocabulary more than in everyday conversation. Words formed with sur- often have a standard English alternative: surmount / overcome, surpass / exceed, surcharge / extra fee.

常見錯誤

❌She surran him in the race.
✅She surpassed him in the race.
💡sur- does not attach freely to English verbs; it appears in fixed words borrowed from French or Latin.