tory
/ˈtɔːri/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈtɔːri/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈtȯr-ē/ (ame, mw) · /ˈtɔː.ri/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈtɔːr.i/ (ame, ipa)
tory — 名詞
- torysingular
- toriesplural
1. in British politics, somebody who belongs to or votes for the Conservative Party
英國保守黨人
英國保守黨的黨員或支持者
in British politics, somebody who belongs to or votes for the Conservative Party, especially in everyday speech and in newspaper headlines.
Hugo has voted Tory in every general election since he turned eighteen.
Hugo 自從十八歲那年起，每次大選都把票投給保守黨。
vote Tory (no article)
The new Tory MP for Brighton promised lower taxes and stricter border rules.
新當選的布萊頓保守黨國會議員承諾要降低稅金、加強邊境管制。
Tory + noun: Tory MP / Tory voter
Most Tories in the cabinet supported the prime minister's plan to cut spending.
內閣中多數的保守黨人都支持首相的削減支出計畫。
Aaron called himself a lifelong Tory, but he disagreed with the latest housing policy.
Aaron 自稱是一輩子的保守黨支持者，但他並不認同最新的住宅政策。
The morning papers blamed the Tories for the rise in fuel prices.
今早的報紙把油價上漲怪到保守黨頭上。
- Conservative
the formal name; safer in essays and official writing
- right-winger
broader; includes other right-leaning parties, not only the Conservatives
- Labour supporter
supporter of the main UK centre-left party
- Liberal Democrat
supporter of the UK centrist party
文法句型
Tory + noun (e.g. Tory MP, Tory voter)
用法筆記
Always written with a capital T. Common in British newspapers and on radio because it is shorter than 'Conservative'; the official party name is still preferred in formal documents.
常見錯誤
2. in British history, somebody who belonged to a political group between roughly 1
舊托利黨人
1832年前擁護英國王權的保守派
in British history, somebody who belonged to a political group between roughly 1680 and 1832 that wanted the king or queen to keep strong powers and parliament to have less.
In the eighteenth century, many country landowners were Tories who feared losing power to merchants.
十八世紀許多鄉紳都是托利黨人，他們害怕權力被城市裡的商人奪走。
historical context phrase: 'in the eighteenth century'
The Tories of 1710 fought hard against any limit on royal authority.
1710 年的托利黨人極力反對任何限縮王權的提議。
the Tories of [year] — historical reference
Liam wrote his thesis on how early Tories opposed the Whigs over religious questions.
Liam 的論文寫的是早期托利黨人如何在宗教議題上反對輝格黨。
After 1832, the old Tories slowly turned into what we now call the Conservative Party.
1832 年之後，舊托利黨人慢慢演變成今天我們所說的保守黨。
- royalist
wider term for any supporter of strong royal power, not tied to one party
- Whig
the rival historical party that wanted parliament, not the king, to hold real power
文法句型
the Tories (collective use)
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 by date and context: this sense only applies to the period before about 1832. After parliamentary reform, the same group became known as the Conservatives. Often paired with 'Whig' for contrast.
常見錯誤
3. in Canadian politics, somebody who belongs to or votes for the country's main ri
加國保守黨人
加拿大主要右派政黨的成員
in Canadian politics, somebody who belongs to or votes for the country's main right-of-centre party, currently the Conservative Party of Canada.
Rodrigo grew up in Calgary, where most of his neighbours were Tories.
Rodrigo 在卡加利長大，他周圍的鄰居大多是保守黨支持者。
Canadian-specific context (city + Tory)
The Toronto debate was heated, with Tories arguing for lower carbon taxes.
多倫多那場辯論氣氛激烈，保守黨人主張調降碳稅。
Canadian usage in news contexts
Hana said she would vote Tory in Ontario's next provincial election.
Hana 說她在安大略省下次省選會把票投給保守黨。
After two terms in opposition, the Tories won a strong majority in Ottawa.
在野兩屆之後，保守黨在渥太華拿下大幅多數席次。
- Conservative
the official party name in Canada
- PC
short for Progressive Conservative; used for some provincial parties in Canada
- Liberal
the main centre-left rival in Canadian federal politics
文法句型
Tory + noun (Canadian context)
用法筆記
Often signalled by Canadian place names (Ottawa, Calgary, Ontario) or institutions (provincial assembly, House of Commons in Canada). Without these clues, readers usually default to the British meaning in sense 1.
4. in American history, a colonist who took the side of the British king during the
親英派
美國獨立戰爭中支持英王的殖民地居民
in American history, a colonist who took the side of the British king during the war of independence (1775–1783) instead of fighting for the new United States.
Folake's school project compared Tories in New York to revolutionaries in Boston.
Folake 的學校報告比較了紐約的親英派和波士頓的革命派。
Tories in [American place] — US Revolutionary context
Many Tories lost their farms and sailed to Canada once the war ended in 1783.
戰爭在 1783 年結束後，許多親英派失去了農場，渡海前往加拿大。
specific date (1783) anchors the sense
Local patriots burned down the homes of suspected Tories near Philadelphia.
費城附近的當地愛國者燒毀了被懷疑是親英派的住家。
Reema's textbook called the Tories 'loyalists' and explained why some colonists stayed loyal to King George.
Reema 的課本把親英派稱為 loyalist，並解釋為什麼有些殖民地居民仍效忠喬治國王。
- loyalist
the standard term in modern US history writing; less old-fashioned than Tory
文法句型
the Tories (collective, in US history)
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 by historical setting (American Revolution, 1775–1783). In modern American writing, 'loyalist' is now more common than 'Tory' for this meaning, but 'Tory' still appears in school history books.
常見錯誤
tory — 形容詞
- torypositive
- toriercomparative
- toriestsuperlative
1. describing a person, idea, government, or policy that is connected with the Cons
英國保守黨的
與英國保守黨相關或屬於該黨的
describing a person, idea, government, or policy that is connected with the Conservative Party in the United Kingdom.
Tamar wrote an article attacking the new Tory housing plan.
Tamar 寫了一篇文章批評新的保守黨住宅方案。
Tory + noun (Tory plan / Tory policy)
The Tory government cut funding for several local libraries last spring.
去年春天，保守黨政府削減了好幾間地方圖書館的經費。
Tory government — common political phrase
Felipe took part in a march in central London against Tory cuts to the National Health Service.
Felipe 參加了倫敦市中心的遊行，抗議保守黨削減國民保健署的經費。
Yara's parents both come from a Tory family in rural Kent.
Yara 的父母都來自肯特郡鄉下一個世代支持保守黨的家庭。
- Conservative
the formal equivalent; preferred in official documents
- right-wing
broader political label; not limited to the Conservative Party
- Labour
describing the main UK centre-left party
文法句型
Tory + noun
用法筆記
Used before a noun (attributive). Capital T is standard. In formal writing, prefer 'Conservative' (e.g. 'Conservative manifesto') over 'Tory'.
常見錯誤
2. describing people, ideas, or actions from the English political group active bet
舊托利黨的
1832年前擁護王權那個政治群體的
describing people, ideas, or actions from the English political group active between about 1680 and 1832 that defended royal power against parliament.
The pamphlet was written from a strongly Tory viewpoint, defending the queen's right to rule.
這本小冊子是從強烈的托利黨立場出發，替女王應有的統治權力辯護。
Tory viewpoint — historical sense, attributive
Élise studied Tory pamphlets from the early 1700s in the British Library.
Élise 在大英圖書館研究 1700 年代初期的托利黨小冊子。
specific historical period anchors the sense
Many Tory landowners refused to support the 1832 Reform Act.
許多托利黨地主拒絕支持 1832 年的改革法案。
Christopher's lecture traced how Tory ideas about church and crown shaped early conservatism.
Christopher 的講座爬梳了托利黨關於教會與王權的觀念，如何形塑早期的保守主義。
- royalist
wider; covers any pro-monarchy position, not only this party
- Whig
describing the rival historical party that backed parliament over the crown
文法句型
Tory + noun (historical context)
用法筆記
Distinguish from adjective sense 1 by date: this sense applies only to writings, people, or actions before about 1832. Often appears in academic history texts; rarely in news.
3. describing a person, idea, or policy linked with Canada's main right-of-centre p
加國保守黨的
屬於加拿大主要右派政黨的
describing a person, idea, or policy linked with Canada's main right-of-centre party, especially the Conservative Party of Canada.
Mia worked on a Tory campaign in Alberta during her university summer break.
Mia 在大學暑假期間，到亞伯達省替保守黨的競選團隊工作。
Tory campaign — Canadian political setting
The Tory budget promised tax cuts for small businesses in every province.
保守黨提出的預算案承諾要為各省的中小企業減稅。
Tory + noun (budget / leader / convention)
Inês said the Tory leader's speech in Ottawa was clear and confident.
Inês 認為保守黨黨魁在渥太華的演說條理清楚、語氣自信。
Most Tory voters in Saskatchewan welcomed the new energy policy.
薩克其萬省大多數的保守黨選民都歡迎新的能源政策。
- Conservative
the official adjective; the form used on ballots and government papers in Canada
- Liberal
describing the main centre-left rival in Canadian federal politics
文法句型
Tory + noun (Canadian context)
用法筆記
Canadian context is usually shown by place names (Alberta, Ottawa, Saskatchewan) or terms like 'province' and 'federal'. Without those clues, readers in the UK will normally read the same word as adjective sense 1.
4. describing colonists, towns, or actions in America that stayed on the side of th
親英派的
美國獨立戰爭中效忠英王的
describing colonists, towns, or actions in America that stayed on the side of the British king during the war for independence (1775–1783).
Hassan's project mapped Tory villages in upstate New York during the Revolution.
Hassan 的報告繪製了獨立戰爭期間紐約州北部親英派村落的分布。
Tory + noun (village / town / settlement)
Several Tory pamphlets were printed in Boston before the British army withdrew.
在英軍撤離前，波士頓印行了好幾本親英派的小冊子。
Tory pamphlet — Revolutionary-era usage
The colonel arrested farmers with strong Tory sympathies near the Hudson River.
上校在哈德遜河附近逮捕了幾名強烈傾向親英派立場的農民。
After 1783, Tory families travelled north and started new lives in Nova Scotia.
1783 年後，親英派家庭北遷新斯科細亞，在當地展開新生活。
- loyalist
preferred today in modern American history writing
- patriot
describing colonists who fought for independence from Britain
文法句型
Tory + noun (US Revolutionary context)
用法筆記
Tied to the American Revolution period (1775–1783). In modern academic writing, 'loyalist' is more common; 'Tory' is still standard in school history books and older accounts.