unlearned
unlearned — 形容詞
- unlearnedpositive
- more unlearnedcomparative
- most unlearnedsuperlative
1. having little formal schooling, reading, or general knowledge, especially in a w
沒讀過書的
缺乏教育或知識的；無學問的
having little formal schooling, reading, or general knowledge, especially in a way that comes across as obvious to other people.
Anong felt embarrassed at the dinner because the other guests treated her as unlearned.
Anong 在晚宴上覺得很尷尬，因為其他客人把她當成沒讀過書的人。
predicative use: treated as unlearned
The old chief was unlearned in books, yet villagers came to him for every important decision.
老酋長雖然沒讀過書，村民們卻每件大事都來向他請教。
pattern: unlearned in [field of knowledge]
Critics dismissed the new minister as an unlearned man with strong opinions about science.
評論家把這位新部長批評成一個沒讀過書、卻對科學有強烈意見的人。
Sana never finished high school, but nobody would dare call her unlearned about the family farm.
Sana 沒有念完高中，但沒人敢說她對自家農場的事不懂。
Her grandfather was a kind, unlearned shopkeeper who could neither read nor write.
她的祖父是個善良、沒讀過書的雜貨店老闆，連字都不會讀寫。
- uneducated
more neutral and everyday than 'unlearned'
- illiterate
specifically unable to read or write, narrower
- ignorant
may suggest deliberate refusal to know; harsher tone
用法筆記
Formal register; in everyday speech speakers say 'uneducated' or 'not well-read'. Often used in pattern 'unlearned in [subject]'.
常見錯誤
2. describing a skill, behaviour, or reaction that an animal or person is born with
天生的
與生俱來、非經學習得到的
describing a skill, behaviour, or reaction that an animal or person is born with, rather than picking up through teaching or practice.
A baby's cry when hungry is an unlearned response shared by infants everywhere.
嬰兒肚子餓時的哭聲，是世界各地嬰兒共有的天生反應。
common phrase: an unlearned response
Newly hatched sea turtles head straight for the ocean, guided by unlearned instinct.
剛孵化的海龜會直接朝海洋方向爬去，靠的是天生的本能。
collocation: unlearned instinct/behaviour
Naoko's biology teacher explained that the suckling reflex in newborns is completely unlearned.
Naoko 的生物老師說，新生兒的吸吮反射完全是天生的。
Many fear reactions to snakes appear to be unlearned in young primates raised in zoos.
許多對蛇的恐懼反應，在動物園裡長大的幼年靈長類身上看起來也是天生的。
- innate
the most common scientific equivalent
- instinctive
emphasises automatic response without thought
- inborn
everyday word for the same idea, less technical
- learned
acquired through training or experience
- conditioned
specifically produced by repeated training, technical
用法筆記
Mostly seen in biology, psychology, and animal-behaviour writing. Distinguish from sense 1: this sense describes the behaviour or reflex, not the person.
常見錯誤
unlearned — 動詞
- unlearnedpresent simple I / you / we / they
- unlearneds3rd person singular
- unlearneding-ing form
- unlearnededpast simple
1. to deliberately let go of a habit, belief, or way of doing things you have grown
去除舊習
刻意丟掉舊習慣或觀念以接受新的
to deliberately let go of a habit, belief, or way of doing things you have grown used to, in order to replace it with a different and often better one.
After moving to Tokyo, Christopher had to unlearn the habit of tipping waiters at restaurants.
搬到東京後，Christopher 必須改掉在餐廳給服務生小費的習慣。
pattern: unlearn + the habit of + -ing
New tennis coaches often spend the first month helping players unlearn a weak grip.
新的網球教練常常第一個月都在幫學員改掉錯誤的握拍方式。
collocation: unlearn a [bad/weak] technique
Eli says it took him years to unlearn the prejudices he grew up with at home.
Eli 說他花了好幾年才擺脫自己在家裡耳濡目染的偏見。
We must unlearn the idea that working long hours is the only way to be successful.
我們必須摒除「長時間工作才是成功的唯一方法」這個觀念。
Wren found it harder to unlearn bad piano fingering than to learn the song in the first place.
Wren 覺得要改掉錯誤的鋼琴指法，比一開始把曲子學會還要難。
- shake off
more informal; about freeing yourself from a habit
- break (a habit)
common everyday choice; narrower than 'unlearn'
- let go of
softer; works for beliefs and attitudes
- learn
the direct opposite
- internalize
make a habit or belief deeply part of oneself
文法句型
unlearn + noun
unlearn how to + verb
用法筆記
Object is usually something you wish you didn't do or believe (a habit, prejudice, myth, technique). Subject is the learner, not the teacher. Often appears alongside the verb 'learn' for contrast.