ad hoc
ad hoc — 形容詞
1. set up or done to deal with one situation as it comes up, rather than being plan
臨時的；特設
為單一情況臨時安排、未事先規劃的
set up or done to deal with one situation as it comes up, rather than being planned ahead of time as part of a regular system.
The school formed an ad hoc group of parents to plan the autumn fair.
學校組了一個臨時的家長小組，負責籌辦秋季園遊會。
an ad hoc + noun: a one-off body created for a single task
Decisions about the budget were made on an ad hoc basis, with no fixed rules.
預算的決定都是臨時視情況做的，沒有固定的規則。
collocation: on an ad hoc basis
Diego set up an ad hoc meeting the moment the supplier cancelled the order.
供應商一取消訂單，Diego 就立刻安排了一場臨時會議。
The town's flood response was handled ad hoc, without any earlier preparation.
鎮上的水患應變是臨時處理的，事先完全沒有準備。
Yara dislikes ad hoc fixes and prefers a clear plan for every project.
Yara 不喜歡臨時補救，做每個專案都偏好有清楚的計畫。
- improvised
stresses making do in the moment; ad hoc stresses 'for this one case'
- impromptu
more about being done without notice; ad hoc is more about purpose and scope
- one-off
informal; highlights that it happens only once
- planned
decided in advance as part of a system
- systematic
done by a fixed, repeatable method
文法句型
an ad hoc + noun
set up / done ad hoc
用法筆記
Frequently sits directly before a noun (an ad hoc committee, an ad hoc rule) or in the fixed phrase 'on an ad hoc basis'. It can also work as an adverb meaning 'as the need arises'. Distinguish from sense 2: this sense stresses 'for this single situation', not 'roughly improvised'.
常見錯誤
2. made from whatever things happen to be on hand at the time, instead of from prop
臨時湊成的
用手邊現有材料臨時拼湊而成的
made from whatever things happen to be on hand at the time, instead of from proper or chosen materials.
The hikers built an ad hoc shelter out of branches and an old plastic sheet.
登山客用樹枝和一塊舊塑膠布搭了一個臨時湊成的遮蔽處。
an ad hoc + noun: built from whatever was nearby
Sana cooked an ad hoc dinner from the few vegetables left in the fridge.
Sana 用冰箱裡剩下的幾樣蔬菜臨時湊了一頓晚餐。
The band played on an ad hoc stage made of wooden boxes and spare doors.
樂團在用木箱和幾扇備用門臨時拼成的舞台上演出。
Volunteers ran an ad hoc clinic in the school hall after the earthquake.
地震後，志工在學校禮堂臨時開設了一間診所。
- makeshift
closest match; a poor temporary version made from what is available
- improvised
stresses inventing on the spot rather than the materials used
- purpose-built
made properly for its job, not from scraps
文法句型
an ad hoc + noun
用法筆記
Object is usually a physical thing thrown together (shelter, stage, clinic, meal). Distinguish from sense 1: here the focus is on the rough, make-do construction, not simply on dealing with one case.