impromptu
/ɪmˈprɒmp.tʃuː/ (bre, ipa) · /ɪmˈprɑːmp.tuː/ (ame, ipa) · /im-ˈpräm(p)-(ˌ)tü -(ˌ)tyü/ (ame, mw) · /ɪmˈprɒmptjuː/ (bre, ipa) · /ɪmˈprɑːmptuː/ (ame, ipa)
impromptu — 形容詞
- impromptupositive
- more impromptucomparative
- most impromptusuperlative
1. happening or created on the spot with no advance plan, often in response to the
即興的
未經事先安排或準備而做的
happening or created on the spot with no advance plan, often in response to the moment.
Yumi gave an impromptu speech at her grandmother's birthday dinner.
Yumi 在祖母的生日晚宴上即興發表了一段感言。
attributive: impromptu + speech
Chidi organised an impromptu football match in the park after lunch.
Chidi 午餐後在公園裡臨時組了一場即興足球賽。
collocation: impromptu match / meeting / gathering
The teacher held an impromptu quiz when the projector stopped working.
投影機壞掉時，老師臨時舉行了一場即興小考。
Heloísa's question turned the seminar into an impromptu group discussion.
Heloísa 的提問讓研討會變成一場即興的小組討論。
Marco hosted an impromptu dinner for the neighbours who helped fix his roof.
Marco 為幫他修屋頂的鄰居們辦了一場即興晚餐。
- spontaneous
broader — covers feelings and actions; impromptu is more about prepared-versus-unprepared events.
- improvised
stresses making something up as you go; impromptu stresses lack of advance planning.
- off-the-cuff
informal; mainly for spoken remarks.
- extemporaneous
formal; mostly for speeches or musical performances.
文法句型
impromptu + noun
be + impromptu
用法筆記
Usually attributive (before a noun naming an event, speech, or gathering). When predicative, the subject is typically a specific event rather than a person.
常見錯誤
impromptu — 副詞
1. in a way that has not been arranged or rehearsed beforehand; right at the moment
即興地
未經事先安排，當場進行
in a way that has not been arranged or rehearsed beforehand; right at the moment something is needed.
Arjun spoke impromptu after the host suddenly handed him the microphone.
主持人突然把麥克風遞給 Arjun，他便即興地說了幾句話。
verb + impromptu (speak / sing / perform)
The jazz trio played impromptu for nearly an hour in the cafe.
那個爵士三重奏在咖啡店裡即興演奏了將近一小時。
collocation: play / perform impromptu
Ezra answered impromptu when a student asked about the exam date.
有學生問起考試日期，Ezra 當場即興地回答了他。
Mert was asked to translate impromptu during the visiting professor's talk.
客座教授演講時，Mert 被請上去即興地口譯。
- spontaneously
broader; covers feelings as well as actions.
- extemporaneously
formal; mostly speech or music.
- off the cuff
informal; mainly for spoken remarks.
文法句型
verb + impromptu
用法筆記
Much rarer than the adjective; in everyday English, speakers prefer phrases like 'off the cuff' or 'on the spot'. Typically follows verbs of speaking, performing, or translating.
常見錯誤
impromptu — 名詞
1. a speech, comment, or performance that someone produces on the spot, without pre
即席演說
當場即興發表的談話或表演
a speech, comment, or performance that someone produces on the spot, without preparing it in advance.
Christopher's wedding toast was a charming impromptu that made the room laugh.
Christopher 的婚禮致詞是一段逗趣的即席演說，逗笑了全場。
collocation: a charming / clever impromptu
The host's closing impromptu thanked every volunteer by name.
主持人最後的即席演說一一點名感謝每一位志工。
Amihan's classroom impromptu about kindness moved many of the students.
Amihan 在課堂上以善意為題的即席演說感動了許多學生。
Eric delivered a brief impromptu when the scheduled speaker failed to arrive.
原訂的講者沒到，Eric 便發表了一段簡短的即席演說。
- ad-lib
informal; usually for actors or speakers adding lines on the spot.
- extemporisation
formal; same act, but stresses making it up as you go.
文法句型
an impromptu
deliver an impromptu
用法筆記
Formal and uncommon in modern usage; most speakers say 'an off-the-cuff speech' or 'a few impromptu remarks' instead. Distinguish from sense 2 (a musical piece) by the context of speaking or commenting.
常見錯誤
2. a short solo piece, usually for piano, written in a free style that sounds as if
即興曲
風格自由的短篇器樂獨奏作品
a short solo piece, usually for piano, written in a free style that sounds as if the composer made it up at the keyboard.
Élise performed a Schubert impromptu at her graduation recital.
Élise 在畢業獨奏會上演奏了一首舒伯特的即興曲。
scenario: classical piano repertoire
Kevin chose a gentle Chopin impromptu to open the evening concert.
Kevin 選了一首溫柔的蕭邦即興曲作為晚間音樂會的開場。
collocation: [composer] + impromptu
Mayumi's first composition was a short impromptu for solo piano.
Mayumi 的第一首作品是一首鋼琴獨奏的短篇即興曲。
The pianist closed the programme with a stirring impromptu by Fauré.
鋼琴家以佛瑞一首動人的即興曲為節目畫下句點。
文法句型
an impromptu
an impromptu by [composer]
用法筆記
A formal music term, mostly seen in classical concert programmes. Distinguish from sense 1 by the musical context — speakers always pair the noun with a composer's name or instrument.