administer

IPA/ədˈmɪnɪstə(r)/
KK[ədmˈɪnəstɚ]IPA/ədˈmɪnɪstər/

administer — 動詞

  • administerpresent simple I / you / we / they
  • administershe / she / it
  • administeredpast simple
  • administering-ing form

1. to take official responsibility for how a company, school, hospital, or large pr

1.動詞及物C1
釋義

管理；經營

負責機構或計畫的日常運作

to take official responsibility for how a company, school, hospital, or large program runs each day, including its staff, money, and rules.

例句

Ms. Lin has administered the children's hospital in Taipei for fifteen years.

林女士已經管理這間台北的兒童醫院長達十五年。

subject is a person in charge of an institution

The scholarship fund is administered by a small team of three retired teachers.

這項獎學金基金由三位退休老師組成的小團隊負責經營。

passive: be administered by + [body]

常見搭配
  • administer a fund
  • administer a program
  • administer a hospital
  • administer the affairs of
同義詞
  • manage

    more general and far more common; 'administer' sounds more formal and official

  • run

    informal everyday equivalent for businesses and programs

  • oversee

    stresses watching and checking rather than full day-to-day control

文法句型

administer + [organization/program]

be administered by + [body]

用法筆記

Subject is usually a person, committee, or institution; object is usually a sizeable organization, fund, or program rather than a small task. Distinguish from sense 2: this sense covers private bodies and programs, not the governing of a country or region.

常見錯誤

Mia administers her own homework every night.
Mia manages her own homework every night.
'administer' needs a sizeable organization or program as the object, not a personal task.

2. to rule a country, colony, or area on behalf of a government, making official de

2.動詞及物C1
釋義

治理；統治

代表政府管轄國家或地區

to rule a country, colony, or area on behalf of a government, making official decisions about laws, taxes, and public services.

例句

Hong Kong was administered by Britain for more than a century before 1997.

在 1997 年以前，香港由英國治理超過一個世紀。

passive: be administered by + [country]

The northern islands are administered directly from the capital by a small office.

北方那些島嶼，由首都的一個小型辦公室直接治理。

常見搭配
  • administer a country
  • administer a region
  • administer a territory
  • administer a colony
同義詞
  • govern

    near-equivalent; 'govern' is more common in everyday writing

  • rule

    stronger sense of authority and power, often a single ruler

  • preside over

    more ceremonial; suggests being the visible head

文法句型

administer + [country/region]

be administered by + [authority]

用法筆記

Object is a political area such as a country, colony, region, or territory, not a private organization. Frequently passive when naming the ruling power. Distinguish from sense 1, where the object is a company or program.

常見錯誤

The mayor administers a small bakery on weekends.
The mayor administers the city of Hsinchu.
for businesses use 'manage' or sense 1; sense 2 takes a political area.

3. to officially give something such as medicine, an injection, first aid, a punish

3.動詞及物C1
釋義

施行；給予

正式給藥、急救、考試或處罰

to officially give something such as medicine, an injection, first aid, a punishment, or a test to a person, in a careful and controlled way — for example, a nurse giving a vaccine, or a teacher giving an exam.

例句

Nurse Patel administered the flu vaccine to every child in the morning class.

Patel 護理師早上替班上每位孩童施打流感疫苗。

administer + [medicine] + to + [person]

Paramedics quickly administered first aid to the cyclist at the side of the road.

救護員在路邊迅速為那位自行車騎士施行急救。

administer + first aid + to + [person]

常見搭配
  • administer a drug
  • administer a vaccine
  • administer first aid
  • administer a test
  • administer a punishment
同義詞
  • give

    neutral everyday word; 'administer' is the formal medical or official version

  • dispense

    stresses handing out portions, often by a pharmacist or machine

  • deliver

    for blows, speeches, or punishments; rarely for medicine

反義詞
  • withhold

    to refuse to give something that should be given

文法句型

administer + [medicine/test/aid] + to + [person]

administer + [person] + [medicine/test]

用法筆記

Common objects are 'medicine', 'a vaccine', 'an injection', 'first aid', 'a test', 'an exam', 'a punishment', 'an oath'. Sounds formal or technical; everyday speech prefers 'give'. Distinguish from sense 1: here the object is a single thing handed to a person, not an entire institution.

常見錯誤

My friend administered me some birthday cake.
My friend gave me some birthday cake.
'administer' is reserved for medicine, tests, aid, punishments, and other formal acts, not casual giving.

4. to officially lead someone in saying an oath — for example, a judge having a new

4.動詞及物C2
釋義

監誓

正式主持他人宣誓的儀式

to officially lead someone in saying an oath — for example, a judge having a new president repeat the words of a formal promise out loud at a ceremony.

例句

Chief Justice Wong administered the oath of office to the new president on Monday morning.

週一早上，王首席大法官為新任總統監誓就職。

administer + the oath of office + to + [person]

A senior judge will administer the oath to every new police officer at the academy.

一位資深法官將在警察學校為每位新進員警監誓。

常見搭配
  • administer an oath
  • administer the oath of office
  • administer an oath to a witness
同義詞
  • swear in

    common phrasal-verb equivalent: 'swear in the new president'

文法句型

administer + an oath + to + [person]

administer + the oath of office

用法筆記

Almost always 'administer an oath' or 'administer the oath of office', followed by 'to + [person]'. Subject is a judge, clerk, or other official with the legal right to do this. Distinguish from sense 3: this sense names a specific ceremonial speech act, not the giving of medicine or a test.

常見錯誤

My father administered an oath to me before my wedding.
My father made me promise something before my wedding.
'administer an oath' is a legal or official action by a judge or clerk, not a casual private promise.

同根字

常見搭配

名詞搭配

副詞搭配

常用片語

  • administer the affairs of
  • administer the oath of office
  • administer first aid
  • be jointly administered

介系詞搭配

  • administered by
  • administered to
  • administered through
  • administered under