ad lib
ad lib — 副詞
1. in a way that is spoken or performed without planning first
即興地
未事先準備地說或表演
in a way that is spoken or performed without planning first
The host spoke ad lib while the stage crew fixed the microphone.
主持人在舞台人員修麥克風時即興發言。
spoke ad lib
When the teleprompter failed, Priya finished the introduction ad lib.
提詞機故障時，Priya 即興完成了開場介紹。
finished ... ad lib
The actor answered a question from the audience ad lib.
那位演員即興回答了觀眾的一個問題。
The teacher explained the missing slide ad lib.
老師即興解釋了遺漏的投影片。
- impromptu
describes something done with little or no preparation
- off the cuff
informal; used especially about remarks made without preparation
- from a script
using prepared written words
文法句型
speak ad lib
perform ad lib
do something ad lib
用法筆記
Use 'ad lib' after a verb to show that words or actions were made up at the moment.
常見錯誤
Do not use 'ad lib' for ordinary casual speech unless the point is that it was not prepared.
2. in music, played or sung freely rather than exactly as written
自由即興地
不嚴格照樂譜地演奏或演唱
in music, played or sung freely rather than exactly as written
The pianist played the final bars ad lib.
鋼琴家自由即興地演奏了最後幾小節。
played ... ad lib
The score marks this short section ad lib for the singer.
樂譜把這一小段標示為演唱者可自由處理。
section ad lib
During rehearsal, the band tried the bridge ad lib.
排練時，樂團嘗試即興演奏過門段落。
The violinist repeated the melody ad lib during the encore.
小提琴手在安可時即興重複了旋律。
- freely
a general word for performing without strict limits
- improvised
made up during the performance
- as written
following the printed music closely
文法句型
play ad lib
sing ad lib
ad lib passage
用法筆記
This sense is mainly used in written music or when talking about performance choices.
3. in music, able to be included or left out depending on who is available
可選地
視演出人員是否可用而可加可不加
in music, able to be included or left out depending on who is available
The horn part is marked ad lib, so the piece can be played without it.
圓號聲部標示為可選，所以這首曲子沒有圓號也可以演奏。
marked ad lib
A guitar line appears ad lib in the arrangement.
這份編曲裡吉他旋律是可選部分。
appears ad lib
The choir used the ad lib percussion part when a drummer was free.
有鼓手空出來時，合唱團使用了可選的打擊部分。
The flute line was ad lib for smaller school orchestras.
對較小的學校管弦樂團來說，長笛旋律是可選的。
文法句型
instrument ad lib
part marked ad lib
ad lib accompaniment
用法筆記
This technical use appears in music scores to show that a part is optional.
ad lib — 動詞
- ad libpresent simple I / you / we / they
- ad libsthird-person singular
- ad-libbedpast tense
- ad-libbingpresent participle
- ads lib3rd person singular
- adding lib-ing form
- added libpast simple
1. to speak or perform without preparing the exact words in advance
即興表演
未預先準備字句而說或演
to speak or perform without preparing the exact words in advance
The comedian ad-libbed when the lights went out.
燈光熄掉時，那位喜劇演員即興表演。
ad-libbed
Jenna had to ad lib for two minutes before the video started.
影片開始前，Jenna 必須即興說兩分鐘。
ad lib for two minutes
The mayor ad-libbed a short thank-you speech at the end.
市長在最後即興說了一段簡短的致謝詞。
The tour guide ad-libbed when the planned route was closed.
預定路線封閉時，導遊即興說明。
- script
to prepare exact words beforehand
文法句型
ad lib during + noun
ad lib about + noun
ad lib a line
用法筆記
The verb is often hyphenated in inflected forms, especially 'ad-libbed' and 'ad-libbing'.
常見錯誤
Do not confuse 'ad lib' with 'add lib'. It comes from the Latin phrase 'ad libitum'.