ash
ash — 名詞
- ashsingular
- ashesplural
1. fine grey dust, sometimes very dark, that you find sitting in a fireplace, ashtr
灰；灰燼
東西燒完後留下的灰色粉末
fine grey dust, sometimes very dark, that you find sitting in a fireplace, ashtray, or stove once the wood, coal, or tobacco inside it has finished burning.
Wren knelt by the fireplace and swept the cold ash into a metal bucket.
Wren 跪在壁爐旁，把冷掉的灰燼掃進金屬桶裡。
uncountable: cold/wet/fine ash
A thin layer of cigarette ash had fallen onto the wooden table.
薄薄一層菸灰落在木桌上。
collocation: cigarette ash
After the bonfire, the children poked sticks into the warm ash to find chestnuts.
營火結束後，孩子們拿樹枝戳進溫熱的灰裡找栗子。
Wind carried fine grey ash from the volcano across three nearby villages.
風把細細的灰色火山灰從火山吹到附近三個村莊。
extension to volcanic ash
Please don't drop your cigarette ash on my new carpet, Wren.
Wren，拜託別把你的菸灰掉在我新買的地毯上。
- fine ash
- hot ash
- cigarette ash
- volcanic ash
- sweep up the ash
用法筆記
Almost always uncountable in this sense. Common modifiers describe colour, temperature, or origin: cigarette ash, volcanic ash, fine ash, hot ash. The plural ashes belongs to sense 2 (cremated remains) or to sense 3 of the verb-related fixed phrases.
常見錯誤
2. the powdery remains of someone whose body was burned in a cremation, or of a bui
骨灰；殘骸
人火化後或建築燒毀後剩下的灰
the powdery remains of someone whose body was burned in a cremation, or of a building, forest, or city wiped out by fire; usually kept in an urn or scattered at a meaningful place.
The family scattered Grandpa's ashes from a small boat off the coast of Penghu.
家人從澎湖外海一艘小船上撒下爺爺的骨灰。
plural: someone's ashes; collocation: scatter the ashes
Jamal kept his mother's ashes in a small wooden urn on the bookshelf.
Jamal 把母親的骨灰放在書架上一個小木甕裡。
collocation: keep the ashes in an urn
Only a pile of ashes remained where the old library had stood.
舊圖書館原本所在的地方，只剩下一堆灰燼。
Grandpa Wei told the family his ashes should be buried beside his wife under the orchid tree.
魏爺爺告訴家人，把他的骨灰葬在妻子身旁那棵蘭花樹下。
- scatter someone's ashes
- bury the ashes
- her ashes were laid to rest
- reduced to ashes
文法句型
someone's ashes
scatter the ashes
用法筆記
Used in the plural (ashes) when referring to a person's cremated remains or to what is left after a building or city has burned down. Distinguish from sense 1 (uncountable powder from any small fire): you sweep up ash from a fireplace, but you scatter someone's ashes.
常見錯誤
3. a tall deciduous tree, common in European woods, that has smooth grey bark, clus
梣樹；白蠟樹
歐洲常見的落葉喬木
a tall deciduous tree, common in European woods, that has smooth grey bark, clusters of small green flowers, and seeds that hang in winged bunches.
A row of tall ash trees lined the path from the village to the church.
從村子通往教堂的小路兩旁種著一排高大的梣樹。
often 'ash tree' to clarify the meaning
The old ash beside the pond was over two hundred years old.
池塘旁那棵老梣樹已經超過兩百歲了。
A disease has killed many ash trees across Britain over the past decade.
過去十年，一種疾病在英國各地殺死了許多梣樹。
We planted a young ash at the bottom of the garden last spring.
去年春天，我們在花園盡頭種了一棵小梣樹。
collocation: plant an ash
- ash tree
- tall ash
- young ash
- plant an ash
- row of ashes
用法筆記
Often appears as 'ash tree' in writing to avoid confusion with sense 1 (the burnt powder). The plural is 'ash trees' or 'ashes' (rare and chiefly literary). Distinguish from sense 4, which refers to the wood cut from this tree.
4. the strong, springy, pale-coloured timber cut from the ash tree, prized for furn
梣木；白蠟木
梣樹砍下的淡色硬木
the strong, springy, pale-coloured timber cut from the ash tree, prized for furniture, tool handles, hockey sticks, and traditional baseball bats.
The kitchen table was made of solid ash with a clear oil finish.
那張廚房桌子是用實心梣木做的，表面塗了一層透明油。
material noun: made of ash
Renata prefers ash for the handles of her garden tools because it bends without breaking.
Renata 偏愛用梣木做園藝工具的握把，因為它彎得下去又不會斷。
Old Mr. Diaz still carves his baseball bats from ash in his small workshop in Brooklyn.
老 Diaz 先生現在還在布魯克林那間小工坊裡用梣木雕製棒球棒。
The ash floorboards in Aunt Mei's parlour creaked as the movers wheeled the upright piano inside.
搬運工把直立式鋼琴推進梅阿姨家客廳時，梣木地板發出嘎吱聲。
- solid ash
- made of ash
- ash handle
- ash flooring
- ash bat
用法筆記
Uncountable, like other timber names (oak, pine, maple). Distinguish from sense 3 (the living tree): a furniture-maker says 'a chair made of ash' (the wood) but plants 'an ash' (the tree). Often paired with verbs like carve, plane, turn, sand.
5. a soft, pale grey shade with no warmth or pink tint, often used to describe pain
灰白色
不帶紅或暖色的淡灰
a soft, pale grey shade with no warmth or pink tint, often used to describe paint, hair dye, or fabric.
Anaya dyed her hair a cool ash and posted a photo on her blog.
Anaya 把頭髮染成冷色調的灰白色，並在部落格上貼了照片。
modifier of dye, paint, or finish colour
The bedroom walls were painted a pale ash that matched the linen curtains.
臥室牆面漆成淡淡的灰白色，跟亞麻窗簾很搭。
Designers offered the sofa in three shades: charcoal, ash, and cream.
設計師推出三種顏色的沙發：炭黑、灰白和米白。
Her ash-blonde hair caught the morning light through the kitchen window.
她那頭灰白金的髮絲在廚房窗外的晨光下閃著光。
compound: ash-blonde, ash-grey
- ash-blonde
- ash-grey
- ash-brown
- pale ash
用法筆記
Most often appears as a compound modifier such as 'ash-blonde', 'ash-grey', or 'ash-brown' rather than as a stand-alone noun. The colour is defined by what it lacks (no red, no warmth) rather than what it contains.
6. the small trophy played for in the long-running Test cricket series between the
灰燼盃
英澳板球對抗賽冠軍獎盃
the small trophy played for in the long-running Test cricket series between the England and Australia men's teams, traditionally said to hold the burnt remains of a cricket bail.
England won back the Ashes at Lord's in front of a packed crowd.
英格蘭在 Lord's 球場滿座觀眾面前奪回了灰燼盃。
always capitalised: 'the Ashes'
Captain Smith lifted the Ashes urn above his head while the Sydney crowd roared from the stands.
Smith 隊長把灰燼盃的小甕高舉過頭，雪梨球場看台上的觀眾爆出歡呼。
The first Ashes Test of the summer begins on Thursday at Edgbaston.
本季首場灰燼盃對抗賽星期四在 Edgbaston 球場開打。
compound: Ashes Test, Ashes series
Young Ben Stokes scored two centuries in his debut Ashes series and became a hero in every English pub.
年輕的 Ben Stokes 在首次灰燼盃系列賽就拿下兩支百分打，成為英國各家酒吧裡的英雄。
- win the Ashes
- lose the Ashes
- hold the Ashes
- Ashes Test
- Ashes series
用法筆記
Always capitalised and preceded by 'the': the Ashes. Although the trophy itself is small, the word is used both for the urn and for the whole Test series. Common in British and Australian sports writing; unfamiliar to most American readers.
常見錯誤
7. a charity, written as the abbreviation of Action on Smoking & Health, that lobbi
反菸組織
推動禁菸的英美慈善機構
a charity, written as the abbreviation of Action on Smoking & Health, that lobbies governments and the public to cut down tobacco use and protect non-smokers.
ASH welcomed the new ban on smoking in outdoor restaurant seating.
ASH 對餐廳戶外座位區的新禁菸令表示歡迎。
all caps when standing for the organisation
Dr. Hannah Lee, speaking for ASH outside Westminster, urged MPs to back the new tobacco display ban.
Hannah Lee 醫師代表 ASH 在西敏寺外發言，敦促國會議員支持新的菸品陳列禁令。
ASH has been campaigning against tobacco advertising since the 1970s.
ASH 從 1970 年代起就持續反對菸品廣告。
Doctors in the audience applauded when the speaker quoted recent figures from ASH.
講者引用 ASH 最近公布的數據時，台下的醫師們紛紛鼓掌。
- ASH spokesperson
- according to ASH
- ASH campaign
用法筆記
Written in all capitals (ASH) to mark it as an abbreviation, which separates it visually from the everyday noun 'ash'. Treated as a singular noun ('ASH says...', 'ASH has called for...').
To show publicly that you feel very sorry for something wrong you did.
公開懺悔
After the scandal, the mayor wore sackcloth and ashes in a press conference.
Mina put on sackcloth and ashes when she realized her mistake had hurt others.
ash — 動詞
- ashpresent simple I / you / we / they
- ashes3rd person singular
- ashing-ing form
- ashedpast simple
1. to burn something down completely, so that only powdery residue is left behind.
燒成灰
把某物徹底燒到只剩灰
to burn something down completely, so that only powdery residue is left behind.
The forest fire ashed every wooden cabin along the lake within an hour.
森林大火不到一小時就把湖邊每一間木屋燒成了灰。
transitive: ash + something burnable
Workers ashed the contaminated paperwork in a controlled incinerator.
工作人員在受控的焚化爐中把受汙染的文件燒成灰。
The farmer ashed the dry stalks and ploughed the residue back into the soil.
農夫把乾掉的稻稈燒成灰，再把殘渣翻進土壤裡。
Centuries ago, invading armies ashed entire towns as a warning to neighbours.
幾百年前，入侵的軍隊會把整座城鎮燒成灰，作為對鄰國的警告。
- ash the remains
- ash the documents
- fire ashed the building
- incinerate
the standard formal word; describes deliberate, controlled burning
- cremate
specifically for human or animal bodies in a furnace
文法句型
ash + noun
用法筆記
Rare and slightly formal or technical. Most everyday speakers prefer 'burn down', 'reduce to ashes', or 'incinerate'. Subject is usually fire, an army, or an industrial process; the object is something destroyed beyond recovery.
2. to knock the loose grey tip off a cigarette or cigar with a tap of the finger, u
彈菸灰
輕敲香菸把灰彈掉
to knock the loose grey tip off a cigarette or cigar with a tap of the finger, usually into an ashtray.
Renata ashed her cigarette into an empty coffee cup on the porch.
Renata 在門廊上把香菸的灰彈進一個空咖啡杯裡。
object is usually cigarette/cigar
Please ash your cigar in the tray, not on the new rug.
拜託把雪茄的灰彈在菸灰缸裡，不要彈在新地毯上。
Jamal ashed his cigarette and blew a thin grey cloud out of the kitchen window.
Jamal 彈掉香菸的灰，朝廚房窗外吹出一團淡淡的灰色煙霧。
The actor ashed his prop cigarette between takes and chatted with the crew.
拍攝空檔，那位演員彈掉道具菸的灰，跟劇組聊起天來。
- ash a cigarette
- ash into the tray
- ash a cigar
文法句型
ash + cigarette/cigar/joint
用法筆記
Informal and chiefly American. Object is almost always a cigarette, cigar, or joint; the location is usually marked with 'into' or 'in' (into the ashtray, in the tray). Distinguish from verb sense 1 (to burn something to ash) — here, the object is not destroyed; only its tip is removed.
常見錯誤
rake over the ashes
idiomto keep talking about a painful or embarrassing event from the past instead of letting it go.
重提舊事
There's no point raking over the ashes of an argument we had ten years ago.
rise from the ashes
idiomto recover and become strong again after being almost completely destroyed.
浴火重生
The small bakery rose from the ashes of the fire and opened in a new building six months later.
After bankruptcy, the company rose from the ashes under new leadership.
ash — 慣用語
to act in an exaggerated, public way that shows you regret something you did wrong.
公開懺悔；痛切自責
The minister apologised in parliament but refused to wear sackcloth and ashes over a single mistake.
She admitted her error without needing to wear sackcloth and ashes for weeks afterwards.
同根字
- ashen形容詞C2
- ashy形容詞C2
- ashtray名詞B2
- ash-blonde形容詞C2
- Ash Wednesday名詞C1
常見搭配
名詞搭配
- ash tray
- ash cloud
- ash pile
- ash heap
副詞搭配
- completely (ashed)
- thoroughly (burnt to ash)
常用片語
- reduce something to ash
- burn to ashes
- covered in ash
- a layer of ash
介系詞搭配
- into ash
- to ash
- of ash
- from the ashes