bureaucratic
/ˌbjʊərəˈkrætɪk/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌbjʊrəˈkrætɪk/ (ame, ipa) · /ˌbyu̇r-ə-ˈkra-tik ˌbyər-/ (ame, mw)
bureaucratic — 形容詞
1. full of official steps and paperwork in a way that slows action and makes easy t
繁瑣的
手續過多而拖慢事情
full of official steps and paperwork in a way that slows action and makes easy tasks harder.
Applying for the permit was so bureaucratic that Omar missed the deadline.
申請那張許可證的程序太繁瑣，Omar 因而錯過截止日。
so bureaucratic that + clause
Residents hate the bureaucratic process for replacing a broken parking pass.
居民很討厭補辦損壞停車證的繁瑣流程。
bureaucratic process
Even a simple refund became bureaucratic after the store merged.
就連簡單的退款，在那家店合併後也變得很繁瑣。
At the clinic, bureaucratic paperwork kept sick children waiting all morning.
在診所裡，繁瑣的文書程序讓生病的孩子等了一整個早上。
The visa office was so bureaucratic that each student form needed five stamps.
那間簽證辦公室太繁瑣，每份學生表格都得蓋五個章。
- cumbersome
broader word for anything awkward or difficult to handle
- rule-bound
stresses strict obedience to rules
- formalistic
focuses on following form and rules more than practical results
- procedural
often more neutral and simply about process
- streamlined
describes a process made simple and efficient
- efficient
focuses on getting results quickly and with little waste
- flexible
allows easy adjustment instead of rigid steps
文法句型
bureaucratic + process/procedure/paperwork
so bureaucratic that + clause
become bureaucratic
用法筆記
Often used critically about procedures, applications, offices, and replies. Distinguish this sense from adjective/2: here the speaker is complaining that official rules or paperwork are making something slow.
常見錯誤
2. relating to a government or large organization run through layers of offices, of
官僚的
和官員層級制度有關
relating to a government or large organization run through layers of offices, officials, and set procedures.
The ministry grew more bureaucratic after it opened six regional offices.
那個部會增設六個區域辦公室後，變得更官僚了。
more bureaucratic after + change
A bureaucratic culture at the tax office meant even small decisions moved upstairs.
稅務局裡的官僚文化，讓連小決定都得往上送。
bureaucratic culture
Their small charity became bureaucratic once three approval teams were added.
加了三個審核小組後，他們的小型慈善機構變得很官僚。
The empire relied on a bureaucratic system of local clerks and inspectors.
那個帝國仰賴由地方文書官員和督察員構成的官僚體系。
The school board kept a bureaucratic structure with four offices above each principal.
學區委員會維持著官僚架構，每位校長上面還有四個辦公室。
- administrative
more neutral and focused on management work in offices
- governmental
specifically linked to government, not companies or charities
- institutional
connected with an organization as a system, without stressing officials
- official
broader and does not by itself suggest many levels or offices
- informal
not organized through fixed official structures
- nonbureaucratic
direct opposite for systems without heavy administrative layers
文法句型
bureaucratic + system/structure/culture
become bureaucratic
more bureaucratic after + change
用法筆記
Usually appears before nouns such as system, structure, culture, machine, and state. Distinguish this sense from adjective/1: this one can simply identify an official administrative style, while adjective/1 stresses delay and unnecessary formal steps.