churning
churning — 動詞
1. to turn over again and again in rough, powerful motion, or to make liquid, mud,
翻攪
猛烈攪動或翻滾
to turn over again and again in rough, powerful motion, or to make liquid, mud, foam, or something similar move that way
Brown floodwater was churning under the bridge after three days of rain.
連下三天雨後，橋下的褐色洪水一直在翻攪。
be churning for rough moving water
The washing machine kept churning the muddy clothes while the power flickered.
電力忽明忽暗時，洗衣機仍不停翻攪沾滿泥巴的衣物。
transitive: churn + object
Foam was churning around the boat as the rescue crew reached the rocks.
救難人員抵達岩石邊時，船周圍正有泡沫在翻攪。
The cement mixer spent all morning churning wet sand, gravel, and water together.
那臺水泥攪拌機整個早上都在把濕沙、碎石和水翻攪在一起。
文法句型
be churning
churn + noun
churn with + foam / mud / water
用法筆記
Often describes water, foam, mud, or machines moving something roughly. Distinguish from sense 2: this sense is about forceful motion itself, not the specific butter-making process.
常見錯誤
2. to work milk or cream steadily in a butter-making container until it turns into
攪製奶油
把牛奶或鮮奶油攪成奶油
to work milk or cream steadily in a butter-making container until it turns into butter
Padma spent the early morning churning cream in the shed before the market opened.
Padma 天剛亮就在小屋裡攪製奶油，準備等市場開門。
churn cream before selling butter
The machine kept churning milk until yellow butter gathered at the top.
那臺機器不停攪動牛奶，直到黃色奶油聚在上面。
churn milk until butter forms
At the farm museum, children watched a guide churning butter by hand.
在農場博物館裡，孩子們看著導覽員用手攪製奶油。
For winter storage, Arjun was churning fresh cream into butter in clay jars.
為了冬天儲存，Arjun 正在陶罐裡把鮮奶油攪製成奶油。
文法句型
churn + cream / milk
churn + cream into butter
be churning butter
用法筆記
Usually takes milk or cream as the object and often mentions the result with 'into butter'. Distinguish from sense 1: sense 2 names a traditional food-making process, not rough movement in general.
常見錯誤
3. when your stomach seems to twist and roll inside you, usually because of nerves,
胃裡翻騰
因緊張或不適而想吐
when your stomach seems to twist and roll inside you, usually because of nerves, fear, or sickness
Tamar's stomach was churning before the violin audition at the music school.
到音樂學校參加小提琴試奏前，Tamar 一直覺得胃裡翻騰。
stomach churning from nerves
After the rough ferry ride, my stomach kept churning for another hour.
搭完顛簸的渡輪後，我的胃又翻騰了一個小時。
stomach churning from motion sickness
Aaron felt his stomach churning when the principal called his name.
校長叫到 Aaron 名字時，他覺得胃裡一陣翻騰。
Even the smell of spoiled fish had Diego's stomach churning in seconds.
連腐魚的氣味都讓 Diego 的胃在幾秒內翻騰起來。
- settle
to become calm and stop feeling sick
文法句型
stomach churns
feel + stomach churning
be churning with nerves / sickness
用法筆記
Used almost only about the stomach and often linked to nerves, fear, or motion sickness. Unlike sense 1, the movement is inside your body, so the focus is on nausea or anxiety.
常見錯誤
4. if customers are churning, they leave one provider and sign up with a rival serv
流失
客戶停用服務並改投別家
if customers are churning, they leave one provider and sign up with a rival service instead
After the price increase, thousands of prepaid users started churning within a month.
調漲價格後，數千名預付卡用戶在一個月內開始流失。
customers start churning after a change
After two months of billing errors, subscribers were quickly churning away from the streaming app.
連續兩個月帳單出錯後，這個串流平台的訂戶正大量流失。
be churning from a service
When rivals offered cheaper data plans, small-business clients began churning to other carriers.
競爭對手推出更便宜的數據方案後，小型企業客戶開始流失到其他電信商。
The bank studied why new cardholders were churning after only two billing cycles.
這家銀行研究為何新卡友只過了兩個結單週期就開始流失。
文法句型
customers churn
be churning from + service
churn to + rival provider
用法筆記
The subject is usually customers, subscribers, users, or clients. Common in telecom, banking, and subscription businesses, where it contrasts with keeping or retaining customers.
常見錯誤
churning — 名詞
1. the rate or continuing pattern of customers leaving a service and joining a comp
流失率
客戶停用並改投他家的比率
the rate or continuing pattern of customers leaving a service and joining a competitor over time
Monthly churning rose after the phone company ended its low-price family plan.
那家電話公司取消低價家庭方案後，每月流失率上升了。
monthly churning in a business report
At Monday's board meeting, the finance team presented a report on churning among first-year subscribers.
在週一的董事會上，財務團隊提出了一份關於第一年訂戶流失率的報告。
report on churning among a customer group
Heavy churning in rural towns made the internet provider rewrite its spring pricing.
鄉村城鎮嚴重的流失率迫使這家網路供應商改寫春季定價。
Investors worried that churning would erase the gains from the new autumn advertising campaign.
投資人擔心流失率會吃掉新一波秋季廣告活動帶來的成果。
- attrition
formal business term for gradual loss over time
- customer loss
plain explanation, but less technical than churning
- turnover
can refer to people or staff more generally, so it is broader
- retention
keeping customers instead of losing them
文法句型
monthly churning
high / low churning
churning among + customer group
用法筆記
Usually discussed as a rate, level, or trend in business reports. It names the pattern measured over time, whereas verb sense 4 describes the customers who are leaving.