controls

controls — 名詞

1. rules, actions, or authority used to direct what people do or to keep something

1.名詞B1
釋義

管控

管理並限制某事的權力或做法

rules, actions, or authority used to direct what people do or to keep something within set limits

例句

The board kept tight controls on spending after last year's heavy losses.

董事會在去年虧損嚴重後，對支出維持嚴格管控。

tight controls on + noun

Border controls grew stricter before the holiday crowds reached the capital.

在假期人潮湧入首都前，邊境管控變得更嚴。

同義詞
  • restrictions

    focuses more on limiting freedom than on active management

  • regulations

    usually refers to official written rules

  • supervision

    emphasizes watching and directing people closely

文法句型

tight controls on + activity

controls over + person/area

controls on + use/spending

用法筆記

Often used for formal rules or official power rather than one person's private influence.

常見錯誤

❌The school made many controls the noise.
✅The school put many controls on noise.
💡Use controls on or controls over when you mean limits or regulation.

2. buttons, keys, levers, or similar parts used to operate a machine, vehicle, or c

2.名詞A2
釋義

控制裝置

操作機器、車輛或電腦的按鍵與裝置

buttons, keys, levers, or similar parts used to operate a machine, vehicle, or computer system

例句

Putri checked the heating controls before the children entered the bus.

Putri 在孩子上車前先檢查暖氣控制裝置。

heating controls on a vehicle

The pilot kept one hand near the controls during the rough landing.

飛行員在顛簸降落時，把一隻手放在控制裝置旁。

同義詞
  • buttons

    usually smaller push parts for one function

  • switches

    often describes simple on-off parts rather than a full set

  • panel

    refers to the whole surface that holds the controls

文法句型

heating controls

near the controls

keyboard controls

用法筆記

This sense refers to the parts you touch or press to make something work. It also includes control keys on a keyboard.

常見錯誤

❌Press the controls of the TV harder.
✅Press the controls on the TV.
💡Use on when naming the buttons or settings on a device.

3. unchanged people, objects, or groups in a test that provide a standard for compa

3.名詞B2
釋義

對照組

實驗中不改變、用來比較的對象

unchanged people, objects, or groups in a test that provide a standard for comparison

例句

The researchers kept two controls unchanged throughout the six-week study.

研究人員在六週研究期間，讓兩個對照組保持不變。

controls unchanged in an experiment

Results from the controls were compared with the plants given extra light.

研究人員把對照組的結果，和接受額外光照的植物相比。

同義詞

文法句型

keep controls unchanged

compare with the controls

record the controls

用法筆記

Most common in science and medicine. The controls do not receive the change or treatment being tested.

常見錯誤

❌The controls got the new drug first.
✅The controls did not get the new drug.
💡In an experiment, the controls are the comparison group, not the treated group.

4. official limits set by a government on prices, wages, or similar economic activi

4.名詞C1
釋義

經濟管制

政府對價格、工資等設下的限制

official limits set by a government on prices, wages, or similar economic activity

例句

Wartime price controls kept bread affordable for most families in the city.

戰時的價格管制，讓城裡大多數家庭仍買得起麵包。

price controls

The union protested wage controls that froze pay for another year.

工會抗議工資管制，因為那讓薪資再被凍結一年。

同義詞
  • caps

    emphasizes a maximum allowed level

  • regulation

    broader and not always about fixed limits on price or pay

  • limits

    simpler and more general, without the policy nuance

文法句型

price controls

wage controls

rent controls

用法筆記

Usually discussed in economics or politics, especially when the government fixes or limits prices, rents, or wages.

常見錯誤

❌The shop introduced price controls on its own.
✅The government introduced price controls.
💡This sense usually refers to official policy, not one store's private decision.

controls — 動詞