disablement
disablement — 名詞
1. the condition of having lost the use of part of your body or mind so that ordina
失能；傷殘
身體功能喪失的狀態或過程
the condition of having lost the use of part of your body or mind so that ordinary tasks become difficult; also the process of reaching this state
The factory's safety rules helped reduce disablement among workers who lifted heavy loads.
工廠的安全規定有助於減少搬運重物的工人發生失能。
collocation: reduce disablement
After the car crash, Padma faced years of disablement and could no longer paint.
那場車禍後，Padma 經歷了多年的失能，從此無法再畫畫。
collocation: years of disablement
Jude received disablement pay for six months after the accident at the warehouse.
Jude 在倉庫事故後領取了六個月的失能給付。
Yael's disablement after a mild stroke made even buttoning a shirt an impossible task.
Yael 輕微中風後的失能，讓她連扣上襯衫釦子都辦不到。
Greta's disablement came from decades of gripping heavy riveting tools at the aircraft plant.
Greta 的失能源自數十年在飛機製造廠緊握重型鉚接工具的勞動。
- disability
more common and countable; refers to a long-term physical or mental condition
- incapacity
more formal and legal; stresses the inability to act rather than the bodily damage
- impairment
focuses on the specific damage or weakness itself, not the resulting inability
- ability
the power or skill to do something normally
用法筆記
This noun is uncountable and refers to the process or state of losing normal function. For a specific long-term medical condition, use the countable noun 'disability' instead. Disablement often appears in formal or legal contexts (disablement benefit, disablement pension).
常見錯誤
disablement — 動詞
- disablementpresent simple I / you / we / they
- disablements3rd person singular
- disablementing-ing form
- disablementedpast simple
1. to stop a device, machine, or system from working, either for a limited time or
停用；關閉
讓設備或系統停止運作
to stop a device, machine, or system from working, either for a limited time or for good
Yuki disabled the burglar alarm with a quick swipe on the control panel.
Yuki 在控制面板上快速一滑，停用了防盜警報器。
disable + alarm — typical collocation
The mechanic disabled the engine's fuel supply before removing the rusty tank.
技師在拆除生鏽的油箱前，先關閉了引擎的供油系統。
disable + mechanical system
A sudden power failure disabled every elevator in the forty-storey building.
一場突然的停電讓那棟四十層大樓的每部電梯都停用了。
Lara found that the update had disabled the printer connection on all three computers.
Lara 發現那次的更新停用了三台電腦的印表機連線。
The app allows parents to disable certain websites on their children's phones.
這個應用程式讓家長可以關閉孩子手機上的某些網站。
- deactivate
more technical and neutral; common for electronic accounts, cards, or software functions
- shut down
implies a complete and orderly stop, usually for larger machines or computer systems
文法句型
disable + object (alarm, system, device, feature)
用法筆記
Frequently used with technology-related objects (alarm, system, airbag, feature, connection). The passive voice is natural: 'The alarm was disabled during the power cut.' Do not use this sense for everyday actions like switching off a light or a tap.
常見錯誤
2. to harm a person so badly that they lose the normal use of part of their body, o
致殘；使失能
因受傷或疾病而喪失身體功能
to harm a person so badly that they lose the normal use of part of their body, often permanently
The factory blast disabled Kasia's right hand; she then learned to write with her left.
工廠爆炸讓 Kasia 的右手致殘；她後來學會用左手寫字。
accident + disable + body part
A rare illness disabled the athlete's legs over the course of three painful years.
一種罕見疾病在三年痛苦的過程中讓那名運動員的雙腿失能。
illness + disable + body part
Many older workers were disabled by years of breathing in dust at the cement plant.
許多老工人因長年吸入水泥廠的粉塵而失能。
Jack was disabled by a spinal injury he suffered during a rugby match in Dublin.
Jack 在都柏林一場橄欖球賽中脊椎受傷而致殘。
The disease slowly disabled Linh's hearing, leaving the piano teacher unable to work.
那種疾病逐漸讓 Linh 的聽力失能，使這位鋼琴老師無法再工作。
- incapacitate
more formal; stresses being unable to function rather than naming specific physical damage
- cripple
now widely considered offensive when applied to people — avoid using in modern English
- heal
to restore someone to full health after injury or illness
文法句型
be disabled by + (accident, illness, injury)
用法筆記
Often used in the passive voice to name the cause of injury. The object is typically a body part or the whole person. This sense is stronger than 'injure' — it implies lasting loss of function, not just temporary harm.
常見錯誤
3. to formally take away a person's legal right or official permission to do someth
剝奪資格
依法取消合法權利或資格
to formally take away a person's legal right or official permission to do something, such as hold a public position or vote
The court disabled Aylin from running charities for five years after the fraud case.
法院在詐欺案後剝奪了 Aylin 經營慈善機構的資格，為期五年。
court + disabled + from + gerund (legal pattern)
The judge disabled the witness from speaking about the evidence outside the courtroom.
法官剝奪了該證人在法庭外談論證據的資格。
After his construction firm went bankrupt, Tariq was disabled from holding any director position.
在他的建築公司破產後，Tariq 被剝奪了擔任任何董事職位的資格。
The sports body disabled Vinícius from competing professionally for the whole season.
該體育組織剝奪了 Vinícius 參加職業比賽的資格，為期整個賽季。
The ethics panel disabled Nia from voting on any matter involving her brother's firm.
倫理委員會剝奪了 Nia 對任何涉及她哥哥公司事項的投票資格。
- disqualify
the everyday word for removing someone's eligibility or right to participate
- debar
very formal and legalistic; almost exclusively used in court or regulatory contexts
文法句型
be disabled from + gerund (voting, holding office, serving)
用法筆記
Almost always appears in formal or legal writing. The pattern 'disabled from + gerund' is the hallmark of this sense. Does NOT apply to everyday workplace rules — only to legal or official disqualification.