externalization
/ɪkˌstɜːnəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ (bre, ipa) · /ɪkˌstɜːrnələˈzeɪʃn/ (ame, ipa) · /ek-ˌstər-nə-lə-ˈzā-shən/ (ame, mw)
externalization — 名詞
- externalizationsingular
- externalizationsplural
1. moving an inner feeling, thought, or mood outward through words, behaviour, or a
情緒流露
把內在感受透過行為或作品表現出來
moving an inner feeling, thought, or mood outward through words, behaviour, or art so others can see it; also a thing produced in this way.
Roya described her abstract paintings as the externalization of grief after her father died.
Roya 形容她的抽象畫作是父親過世後悲傷情感的外顯。
the externalization of [emotion noun]
Henrik's loud sighs at every meeting were an externalization of his boredom with the project.
Henrik 在每場會議上大聲嘆氣，是他對這個專案感到無聊的一種流露。
an externalization of [internal state]
Dr. Shirin asked Christopher to keep a journal as a daily externalization of his anxiety.
Shirin 醫師要求 Christopher 每天寫日記，作為焦慮情緒的日常流露管道。
At the Taipei dance festival, the children's piece was praised as the externalization of village memory.
在台北舞蹈節上，孩子們的舞作被讚譽為村落記憶的流露。
For Amani, baking bread on Sundays became a quiet externalization of love for her family.
對 Amani 而言，週日烤麵包成為她對家人之愛的一種安靜流露。
- expression
much more common; everyday word for the same idea
- manifestation
formal; emphasises a visible sign rather than the act of releasing
- outpouring
informal; suggests a sudden, emotional release
- internalization
the opposite: keeping feelings or ideas inside instead of showing them
- suppression
actively pushing feelings down so they do not come out
文法句型
the externalization of [noun]
an externalization of [noun]
用法筆記
Subject typically refers to a creative act, a behaviour, or an artwork; the prepositional object names an emotion, mood, or inner experience. Distinguish from sense 2, which is more abstract and process-focused without a clear emotional content.
常見錯誤
2. the process by which something that exists only as an idea, plan, or inner state
外化；具象化
把抽象想法或計畫轉化成可被感知的形式
the process by which something that exists only as an idea, plan, or inner state takes on a form that other people can see, touch, or react to.
Eliska argued that writing is simply the externalization of half-formed thoughts onto paper.
Eliska 認為寫作不過是把半成形的想法外化到紙上。
the externalization of [thought / idea]
Sana built a paper prototype as the first externalization of her food-delivery app idea.
Sana 做了一個紙本原型，作為她外送 App 構想的第一次外化。
the externalization of [plan / idea]
For Joshua, drawing maps each night was the externalization of a city he had only imagined.
對 Joshua 來說，每晚畫地圖就是把一個只存在腦海裡的城市外化出來。
Pair programming forces the externalization of small decisions a coder usually keeps in their head.
結對程式設計迫使工程師把平常只放在腦中的小決策外化出來。
Ms. Sofie praised the wall poster as a careful externalization of three weeks of group discussion.
Sofie 老師稱讚這張壁報是三週小組討論仔細外化的成果。
- realization
stronger sense of completing or making something real
- embodiment
more focused on a concrete result than on the process
- materialization
suggests something appearing in physical form, often almost magically
- abstraction
moving the other way: from concrete forms to general ideas
文法句型
the externalization of [abstract noun]
用法筆記
Subject is usually a process, medium, or activity (writing, building, drawing); object names something abstract (ideas, plans, decisions) rather than emotions. Distinguish from sense 1 (which is about emotional release) and sense 3 (which is the resulting concrete object).
常見錯誤
3. a particular object, action, or work that gives clear outward shape to an abstra
具體呈現
讓抽象觀念有可指認形體的具體事物
a particular object, action, or work that gives clear outward shape to an abstract idea or value, so that people can point to it as proof the idea exists.
The new library is an externalization of the mayor's belief that small towns deserve great books.
這座新圖書館是市長相信小鎮也應該擁有好書這份信念的具體呈現。
an externalization of [belief / value]
Caleb wore his grandfather's old watch as an externalization of family memory.
Caleb 戴著祖父的舊手錶，作為家族記憶的具體呈現。
an externalization of [abstract noun]
Critics called the sculpture a perfect externalization of the city's working-class history.
評論家稱這件雕塑是這座城市勞工歷史的完美具體呈現。
For Sophia, her vegetable garden became an externalization of the patience she learned from her aunt.
對 Sophia 而言，她的菜園成了她從阿姨身上學到耐心的一種具體呈現。
- embodiment
much more common; everyday formal alternative
- manifestation
stresses being a visible sign of something hidden
- symbol
broader; can stand for an idea by convention, not only by physical form
文法句型
an externalization of [abstract noun]
用法筆記
Always countable in this sense; preceded by an indefinite article and followed by 'of + abstract noun' (belief, memory, value, history). Distinguish from sense 2, which names the process rather than the resulting object.