extirpation
extirpation — 名詞
- extirpationsingular
- extirpationsplural
1. the complete removal or destruction of something undesirable, especially somethi
根除；剷除
徹底消滅，不留痕跡
the complete removal or destruction of something undesirable, especially something that has existed for a long time, leaving no trace behind.
The extirpation of polio from most countries took decades of vaccination work.
根除多數國家的小兒麻痺症，花費了幾十年的疫苗接種工作。
the extirpation of [disease]
Conservationists warned that the extirpation of wolves would damage the forest ecosystem.
保育人士警告，根除狼群會破壞森林生態系統。
the extirpation of [animal/group]
Farmers demanded the extirpation of the invasive weed before it ruined the rice fields.
農民要求在水稻田地毀滅之前，徹底剷除這種外來雜草。
Smallpox remains the only human disease whose complete extirpation has been achieved.
天花仍然是唯一一種經由人類達成完全根除的疾病。
The new law called for the extirpation of bribery from the customs office.
新法律要求在海關辦公室根除賄賂行為。
- eradication
similar meaning of wiping out, but less absolute; eradication can mean reducing to zero cases, while extirpation suggests destroying every trace
- elimination
more general and less formal; can mean simply removing from a situation rather than total destruction
- annihilation
even stronger, suggesting violent or complete physical destruction; more emotional tone
- uprooting
more literal, suggesting pulling out from the foundation
- preservation
keeping something safe rather than destroying it
- establishment
the act of setting something up, the opposite of destroying it
文法句型
the extirpation of [something]
用法筆記
Commonly used with of + a noun phrase naming what is removed. Subject is often a disease, invasive species, crime, or unwanted practice. Stronger and more absolute than eradication.
常見錯誤
extirpation — 動詞
- extirpationpresent simple I / you / we / they
- extirpations3rd person singular
- extirpationing-ing form
- extirpationedpast simple
1. to destroy something totally, so that it no longer exists anywhere — used especi
根除；消滅
完全毀滅，不復存在
to destroy something totally, so that it no longer exists anywhere — used especially for diseases, beliefs, or political opposition that someone wants to remove permanently.
The new government promised to extirpate corruption from every government office.
新政府承諾要根除每一個政府機關的貪腐。
extirpate [crime/problem] from [institution]
Doctors believe they can extirpate the virus from the population within a decade.
醫生相信他們能在十年內從人口中消滅這種病毒。
Minh's ancestors tried to extirpate the old religion, but the traditions survived.
Minh 的祖先試圖消滅舊宗教，但那些傳統流傳了下來。
The organization works to extirpate child labour from the textile industry worldwide.
該組織致力於在全球紡織業根除童工現象。
It took three generations to extirpate the practice of forced marriage from the region.
花費了三代人的時間，才從該地區根除強迫婚姻的習俗。
- eradicate
similar but slightly less absolute; eradicate is more common in medical and public-health contexts
- annihilate
more violent, often physical destruction; stronger emotional charge
- exterminate
usually used for living things (pests, people); has dark historical associations
- wipe out
more informal and conversational; less weighty than extirpate
文法句型
extirpate + noun phrase
用法筆記
Object is typically an abstract or systemic problem (corruption, a disease, a belief, a practice). The verb carries a strong sense of permanent, thorough removal. Not used for everyday cleaning or minor tasks.
常見錯誤
2. to pull a plant out of the ground together with all of its roots, so that it can
連根拔除
將植物連根拔起
to pull a plant out of the ground together with all of its roots, so that it can no longer grow back.
Lukas spent the morning trying to extirpate the thistles from his vegetable patch.
Lukas 花了一整個早上，試圖把菜園裡的薊草連根拔除。
extirpate + weed/plant from [location]
The gardener showed Tamar how to extirpate the bamboo by digging deep around the roots.
園丁向 Tamar 示範如何在竹子周圍深挖以連根拔除。
Kudzu vines had overrun the reserve, so volunteers spent the weekend extirpating them.
野葛藤蔓延了整個保護區，所以志願者花了一整個週末將它們連根拔除。
Esme hired a specialist to extirpate the poison ivy that had spread across the yard.
Esme 聘請了一位專家來連根清除院裡蔓延的毒藤。
文法句型
extirpate + plant / weed / tree
用法筆記
This literal sense is rarer than the figurative sense (DESTROY COMPLETELY). In everyday gardening, pull out or dig up are far more common. Extirpate suggests the extra effort of removing the entire root system.
常見錯誤
3. to remove a diseased organ, growth, or piece of tissue from the body by cutting
切除；摘除
用手術切除身體組織或器官
to remove a diseased organ, growth, or piece of tissue from the body by cutting it out during a medical operation.
Surgeons had to extirpate the tumour before it spread to other organs.
外科醫生必須在腫瘤擴散到其他器官之前將其切除。
extirpate + tumour / growth / organ
The doctor explained that they would need to extirpate the infected kidney.
醫生解釋說他們需要切除受感染的腎臟。
After the biopsy, the medical team decided to extirpate the entire cyst from Ife's liver.
活檢之後，醫療團隊決定將 Ife 肝臟上的囊腫整個切除。
The patient chose to have the benign growth extirpated rather than risk future problems.
病人選擇切除良性腫瘤，以免將來出現問題。
Veterinary surgeons successfully extirpated the damaged section of the horse's intestine.
獸醫外科醫生成功切除了馬匹腸道中受損的一段。
- implant
to insert something into the body, the opposite of removing
- transplant
moving an organ into the body rather than taking it out
文法句型
extirpate + body part / organ / growth
用法筆記
In modern medical contexts, remove, excise, or resect are far more common than extirpate. Extirpate appears mostly in historical medical writing or when emphasising the thoroughness of the removal.