extraction

IPA/ɪkˈstrækʃn/
KK[ɛkstrˈækʃən]IPA/ɪkˈstrækʃn/

extraction — 名詞

  • extractionsingular
  • extractionsplural

1. the process of pulling or drawing a substance, material, or object out of anothe

1.名詞B2
釋義

提取；開採

從物體或環境中取出某物的過程

the process of pulling or drawing a substance, material, or object out of another substance, object, or location, often requiring effort or a specific method

例句

The lab technician carried out the extraction of the metal from the rock sample.

實驗室技術員從岩石樣本中提取金屬。

collocation: carried out the extraction

The extraction of caffeine from coffee beans is done with hot water and a chemical process.

從咖啡豆中萃取咖啡因的過程需要使用熱水及化學程序。

pattern: extraction of [substance] from [source]

常見搭配
  • oil extraction
  • gas extraction
  • mineral extraction
  • water extraction
  • solvent extraction
  • data extraction
  • feature extraction
同義詞
  • removal

    broader and less technical; suits everyday contexts

  • withdrawal

    used for money from an account or troops from a location

  • mining

    specific to extracting minerals from the ground

反義詞
  • insertion

    the act of putting something in

  • addition

    adding something rather than taking it out

用法筆記

Common in technical fields such as chemistry, mining, manufacturing, and data processing. Countable when referring to a specific instance or method — e.g. 'three different extractions were tested.'

常見錯誤

The extraction of the book from the shelf was quick.
Taking the book from the shelf was quick.
'extraction' implies effort or a method, not simple physical removal.

2. a dental procedure in which a tooth is pulled out from a person's gums and jawbo

2.名詞B2
釋義

拔牙

將牙齒從口腔中拔除的醫療程序

a dental procedure in which a tooth is pulled out from a person's gums and jawbone, often because it is damaged, infected, or causing crowding

例句

The dentist performed a simple extraction on the damaged molar.

牙醫對那顆受損的臼齒進行了簡單的拔牙手術。

collocation: performed an extraction

Sofie needed a tooth extraction because her wisdom tooth was growing sideways.

Sofie 需要拔牙，因為她的智齒長歪了。

countable use: a tooth extraction

常見搭配
  • tooth extraction
  • wisdom tooth extraction
  • emergency extraction
  • simple extraction
  • surgical extraction
同義詞
  • pulling

    informal everyday word for the same procedure

  • removal

    more general; extraction is the specific dental term

反義詞
  • implant

    putting an artificial tooth in, the opposite procedure

  • filling

    repairing a tooth rather than removing it

用法筆記

Patients typically 'have an extraction' or 'get an extraction'; dentists 'perform an extraction.' Distinguish from sense 1 — this sense is specific to teeth and always refers to a medical procedure.

常見錯誤

I went to the doctor for a tooth extraction.
I went to the dentist for a tooth extraction.
Tooth extraction is always a dental procedure, not a general medical one.

3. the operation of moving people or valuable assets out of a dangerous or enemy-co

3.名詞C1
釋義

撤離；撤出

將人員或物資從危險區域安全移出

the operation of moving people or valuable assets out of a dangerous or enemy-controlled area, typically carried out by military units or emergency teams

例句

The rescue team planned the extraction of the hikers from the snowy mountain.

救援隊計劃將登山客從雪山上撤離。

pattern: extraction of [people] from [location]

Ryan participated in a military extraction operation behind enemy lines.

Ryan 參與了一項敵後軍事撤離行動。

常見搭配
  • military extraction
  • emergency extraction
  • combat extraction
  • extraction team
  • extraction zone
  • extraction operation
同義詞
  • evacuation

    broader term, typically used for civilians moving out of a danger zone

  • withdrawal

    used when troops pull out of an area in an organized manner

  • rescue

    focuses on saving people from danger, often interchangeable in emergency contexts

反義詞
  • deployment

    sending troops into an area, the opposite of pulling them out

  • insertion

    putting personnel into a zone, used in military jargon

用法筆記

Often found in news reports about military conflicts or natural disasters. The subject performing the extraction is usually a team, unit, or organization. Distinguish from sense 1 — this sense is about people or assets being moved out of danger, not about removing a substance from something.

常見錯誤

The extraction of the miners from the collapsed tunnel was quick.' — This should use 'rescue' or 'evacuation' rather than 'extraction' unless it is a formal military-style operation.
The rescue team completed the extraction of the trapped miners within six hours.
'extraction' fits when the operation is organized and involves trained personnel.

4. the country, region, or social class that a person's ancestors originally came f

4.名詞B2
釋義

血統；出身

祖先的國籍、民族或社會階層背景

the country, region, or social class that a person's ancestors originally came from, used especially in the fixed pattern 'of … extraction' to describe family background

例句

Hui is of Chinese extraction, but she was born and raised in Kuala Lumpur.

Hui 是華裔，但她出生並在吉隆坡長大。

pattern: be of + nationality + extraction

The documents showed that Esteban was of Spanish extraction on his mother's side.

文件顯示 Esteban 的母系血統是西班牙裔。

pattern: of + nationality + extraction

常見搭配
  • of French extraction
  • of noble extraction
  • of humble extraction
  • of Chinese extraction
  • of Irish extraction
  • of African extraction
同義詞
  • ancestry

    more common in everyday use; broader meaning

  • descent

    similar meaning and formality; 'of French descent' is interchangeable with 'of French extraction'

  • origin

    more general; can also refer to non-family origins like a word's etymology

文法句型

be of [nationality/ethnicity] extraction

be of [social class] extraction

用法筆記

Almost always appears in the fixed phrase 'of [adjective] extraction' — the adjective describes the ancestor's origin (nationality, ethnicity, or social class). Does not refer to a person's own nationality; a person can be American but of Japanese extraction. Less common in everyday speech; 'ancestry' and 'descent' are more frequent alternatives.

常見錯誤

She is of extraction Mexican.
She is of Mexican extraction.
The nationality or class descriptor must come before 'extraction', not after.

同根字

常見搭配

名詞搭配

  • extraction method
  • extraction process
  • extraction site
  • extraction team
  • extraction technique
  • extraction rate

常用片語

  • extraction of ... from ...

介系詞搭配

  • extraction from
  • extraction of