externally
/ɪkˈstɜːnəli/ (bre, ipa) · /ɪkˈstɜːrnəli/ (ame, ipa) · /(ˈ)ek¦stərnᵊlē ikˈs-, -tə̄n-, -təin-, -ᵊli/ (ame, mw)
externally — 副詞
1. describing something done on the outer surface of an object, or involving people
外部地；對外
在外表上，或來自團體、組織外部
describing something done on the outer surface of an object, or involving people, money, or decisions coming from beyond a group, organization, or particular situation.
The ointment should be applied externally only, never swallowed or put inside the mouth.
這款藥膏只能外用，絕對不可以吞下去或放進嘴巴裡。
medical instruction: 'apply X externally'
Élise's old apartment building looks tired externally, but the rooms inside have been fully repaired.
Élise 以前住的公寓外部看起來很舊，但裡面的房間都已經整修過了。
contrast pattern: 'looks X externally, but inside …'
The hospital recruited its new finance director externally instead of promoting someone from within.
這家醫院決定從外部招募新的財務長，而不是從內部拔擢人員。
All exam papers at Hao's school are graded externally by teachers from other regions.
Hao 學校的所有考卷都是由其他地區的老師外部評分。
Ishaan stays calm externally during meetings, even when he is very nervous on the inside.
Ishaan 開會時外表看起來很冷靜，即使他內心其實非常緊張。
- outwardly
stronger pull toward the visible-appearance reading; less common for physical surfaces
- outside
much more everyday; can also be a noun or preposition, so the part of speech is less clear in context
- from outside
phrase form that fits the organizational reading specifically (hired from outside)
- internally
the direct opposite for both the physical and organizational readings
- inwardly
opposite of the appearance-vs-feeling reading (inwardly nervous)
用法筆記
Covers two related uses without splitting senses: the physical 'on the outer surface' reading (often with verbs like apply, mount, attach) and the figurative 'from outside a group or organization' reading (often passive with verbs like recruit, fund, audit, assess). Context, not a different definition, tells the reader which is meant.