falls
falls — 名詞
1. waterfalls, especially large or famous ones.
瀑布群
多座或大型瀑布
waterfalls, especially large or famous ones.
Tourists lined the bridge to photograph the falls at sunrise.
遊客排在橋上拍攝日出時的瀑布群。
the falls = large waterfalls
After spring rain, the falls roared so loudly that we had to shout.
春雨過後，瀑布群轟鳴得很大聲，我們只好用喊的。
Mist from the falls drifted across Otis's jacket on the viewing deck.
瀑布群飄來的水霧落在 Otis 觀景台上的外套上。
The guide said the falls freeze only during the coldest winters.
導遊說，瀑布群只有在最冷的冬天才會結冰。
- waterfalls
the general everyday plural word
- cascades
often suggests smaller or stepped waterfalls
文法句型
the falls
falls + verb of sound or movement
用法筆記
Common when speaking about a named waterfall or a broad stretch of falling water as one sight.
常見錯誤
2. reductions in level, number, price, or quality.
下降
數量、價格等往下變少
reductions in level, number, price, or quality.
Sharp falls in fuel costs helped the bakery stay open.
燃料成本大幅下降，讓那家麵包店得以繼續營業。
falls in + level or amount
The report links falls in attendance to the later bus schedule.
這份報告把出席率的下降和更晚的公車時刻連在一起。
Several falls in night temperature damaged the tomato plants.
夜間氣溫的幾次下降傷到了番茄植株。
Traders worried that more falls in sales would force layoffs.
交易員擔心銷售再出現下降，會逼公司裁員。
- rises
shows movement upward instead of downward
文法句型
falls in + noun
用法筆記
Often used in reports, news, and charts when several decreases are being compared.
3. times when someone suddenly loses balance and hits the ground.
跌倒事件
人失去平衡而摔倒
times when someone suddenly loses balance and hits the ground.
The nurse recorded two falls in the ward before breakfast.
護理師在早餐前記錄了病房裡兩起跌倒事件。
record falls in medical care
Wet leaves cause many falls on this steep village path.
濕葉子會讓這條陡峭的村路上出現許多跌倒事件。
Grab bars can prevent falls in the bathroom at night.
扶手可以防止夜裡在浴室發生跌倒事件。
After three falls, the skater finally landed the jump cleanly.
摔了三次之後，那位滑冰選手終於乾淨地落成那個跳躍。
文法句型
prevent falls
falls in + place
用法筆記
Common in health and safety contexts, especially about older people, patients, or slippery places.
4. losses of power or sudden collapses of governments, teams, or other groups.
垮台
政權或組織失去權力
losses of power or sudden collapses of governments, teams, or other groups.
History classes still discuss the falls of ancient empires.
歷史課至今仍在討論古代帝國的垮台。
falls of + empire or government
Fans blamed poor planning for the falls of both clubs.
球迷把兩家球會的垮台怪罪於糟糕的規劃。
The museum shows how the falls of dynasties changed daily life.
那座博物館展示了各王朝的垮台如何改變日常生活。
Newspapers compared the falls of several cabinets across Europe.
報紙比較了歐洲幾個內閣的垮台。
- rises
describes gaining power or success
文法句型
falls of + empire / government / club
用法筆記
Usually appears in history, politics, or sport when whole groups lose power or status.
falls — 動詞
1. loses balance and drops to the ground by accident.
跌倒
失去平衡而摔到地上
loses balance and drops to the ground by accident.
Greta falls on the stairs when her shoe catches the loose carpet.
Greta 在樓梯上跌倒了，因為她的鞋勾到了鬆掉的地毯。
falls after losing balance
A tired toddler often falls after trying to run too fast.
疲倦的小孩想跑太快時，常常會跌倒。
The cyclist falls hard because the front wheel hits a stone.
那名腳踏車騎士重重跌倒，因為前輪撞上了一塊石頭。
If Christopher slips on the dock, he falls straight into the water.
如果 Christopher 在碼頭上滑倒，他就會直接跌進水裡。
- stands
stays upright instead of going down
文法句型
falls on + surface
falls into + place
用法筆記
Used for accidental movement to the ground. The subject is usually a person or animal.
常見錯誤
2. moves from a higher place to a lower one.
落下
從高處往下移動
moves from a higher place to a lower one.
Rain falls through the broken roof onto the kitchen table.
雨水穿過破掉的屋頂，落在廚房桌上。
falls from above
A ripe pear falls from the tree beside Nila's fence.
一顆熟透的梨子從 Nila 家圍籬旁的樹上落下。
Snow falls on the empty playground before sunrise.
天亮前，雪落在空蕩蕩的操場上。
Ash falls from the campfire when Tuan lifts the metal grate.
Tuan 抬起金屬架時，灰燼從營火上落下。
- rises
moves upward instead of downward
文法句型
falls from + place
falls on + surface
用法筆記
The subject is usually rain, snow, a physical object, or something moving down from above.
3. becomes lower in amount, price, level, or strength.
下降
數量、程度等變低
becomes lower in amount, price, level, or strength.
The temperature falls after sunset in the desert town.
沙漠小鎮在日落後氣溫就會下降。
falls = decreases in level
Demand falls quickly when the bakery raises sandwich prices.
那家麵包店一提高三明治價格，需求就很快下降。
Pressure falls overnight before the storm reaches shore.
暴風雨抵達海岸前，氣壓會在夜裡下降。
Attendance falls every winter when the mountain road closes.
每到冬天山路封閉時，出席率都會下降。
- rises
shows an increase instead of a decrease
文法句型
falls after + event
falls when + clause
用法筆記
Common with temperatures, prices, numbers, and other measurable things.
常見錯誤
4. is planned for or happens on a particular day or date.
適逢
日期剛好在某時段
is planned for or happens on a particular day or date.
The school play falls on Friday, so Yael cannot work late.
學校的戲劇演出適逢星期五，所以 Yael 不能晚下班。
falls on + day or date
This year's lantern festival falls in early February.
今年的元宵節適逢二月上旬。
Her birthday falls during exam week again this term.
她的生日這學期又適逢考試週。
The payment deadline falls one day after the public holiday.
付款截止日適逢國定假日後一天。
文法句型
falls on + day
falls in + month or period
用法筆記
Used with events, dates, birthdays, and deadlines when talking about the position of time in a calendar.
5. suddenly becomes or enters a particular state or condition.
變得
突然進入某種狀態
suddenly becomes or enters a particular state or condition.
The house falls silent when the baby finally closes her eyes.
寶寶終於閉上眼後，整棟房子都變得安靜。
falls + adjective or state
Otis falls asleep on the train after the night shift.
Otis 下夜班後，在火車上就睡著了。
The room falls dark as clouds cover the sun.
雲層遮住太陽時，房間就變得昏暗。
After the cold lunch, Diego falls ill and misses practice.
吃了那份冰冷的午餐後，Diego 生病了，沒去練習。
文法句型
falls asleep
falls silent
falls ill
用法筆記
Often used with adjectives or fixed expressions that describe a sudden change of condition.
6. hangs or stretches downward from a higher point.
垂落
從高處垂下或伸向下方
hangs or stretches downward from a higher point.
Her wet hair falls over her coat after the swim.
她游完泳後，濕髮垂落在外套上。
falls over / across a surface
A long vine falls from the balcony beside Aoi's window.
一條長藤從 Aoi 窗邊的陽台垂落下來。
The curtain falls to the floor behind the old piano.
那幅窗簾垂落到老鋼琴後方的地板上。
Shadow falls across the page when Soraya leans over the lamp.
Soraya 靠向檯燈時，影子落在頁面上。
文法句型
falls over + body part
falls from + edge
falls across + surface
用法筆記
Common with hair, cloth, shadow, or any long thing moving downward over something else.