fungus
/ˈfʌŋɡəs/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈfʌŋɡəs/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈfəŋ-gəs/ (ame, mw)
fungus — 名詞
- fungussingular
- fungiplural
1. a type of living thing that gets its nutrients by absorbing them from dead or de
真菌
從腐爛物或活體中吸收養分的生物
a type of living thing that gets its nutrients by absorbing them from dead or decaying organic material, or from a living plant or animal — examples include mushrooms, mould, yeast, and mildew
Eri found a strange fungus on an old log in the forest near her house.
Eri 在她家附近的森林裡發現一根老樹幹上長了一種奇怪的真菌。
find + fungus + on [surface]
The damp bathroom wall had patches of black fungus that needed to be removed.
潮濕的浴室牆壁上有一片片的黑色真菌需要清除。
common modifier: black fungus / green fungus
Bakers use a type of fungus called yeast to make bread rise and become light.
麵包師傅使用一種稱為酵母的真菌來讓麵包膨脹變輕。
Nila noticed white mould growing on the old bread in the kitchen cupboard.
Nila 注意到廚房櫥櫃裡的老麵包上長出了白色的黴菌。
After heavy rain, Iris saw colourful fungi at the base of an old oak tree.
大雨過後，Iris 在一棵老橡樹根部看到各種顏色的真菌。
- mould
refers specifically to the fuzzy, often grey or green fungi that grow on food or damp surfaces; more informal and specific than 'fungus'
- mushroom
the visible, above-ground fruiting body of certain fungi; not all fungi produce mushrooms
- yeast
single-celled fungus used in baking, brewing, and fermentation; microscopic rather than visible to the naked eye
- mildew
a specific type of fungus that grows as a thin, whitish layer on plants or damp surfaces, often in warm, humid conditions
用法筆記
Plural can be 'fungi' (more common in scientific contexts) or 'funguses'. The word is used as both a countable noun ('a strange fungus') and an uncountable noun ('black fungus on the wall').