gaelic
gaelic — 名詞
1. the Celtic tongue used today by communities in the Scottish Highlands and along
蘇格蘭蓋爾語
蘇格蘭西部與外島使用的凱爾特語言
the Celtic tongue used today by communities in the Scottish Highlands and along the country's western islands.
Owen took weekend classes in Gaelic before his trip to the Isle of Skye.
Owen 在前往 Skye 島前的週末，特地去上蓋爾語的課。
uncountable: noun referring to the Scottish language
Road signs across the Highlands are written in both English and Gaelic.
蘇格蘭高地的路標都同時使用英文與蓋爾語書寫。
common collocation: written in Gaelic
Christopher's grandmother still sings old folk songs in Gaelic at family gatherings.
Christopher 的祖母在家族聚會時，仍會用蓋爾語唱古老的民謠。
Many primary schools in the Western Isles now teach lessons in Gaelic.
西部諸島許多小學如今都會用蓋爾語上課。
- Scottish Gaelic
the formal name; clearer when Irish Gaelic is also in the discussion
- Erse
an older, now dated label sometimes applied to both Scottish and Irish Gaelic
用法筆記
Often called Scottish Gaelic to distinguish from sense 2 (Irish Gaelic). Used as an uncountable noun; never takes 'a' or a plural.
常見錯誤
2. the Celtic language of Ireland, which is one of the country's official languages
愛爾蘭語
愛爾蘭官方語言之一，學校列為必修
the Celtic language of Ireland, which is one of the country's official languages and a required subject in Irish schools.
Diego studied Gaelic for six years at his secondary school in Dublin.
Diego 在都柏林念中學時，學了六年的愛爾蘭蓋爾語。
context: Ireland's compulsory school subject
Many shop signs in Galway display their names in both English and Gaelic.
高威許多店家的招牌會同時以英文和愛爾蘭蓋爾語呈現。
collocation: signs in Gaelic
Anjali was surprised that Irish news bulletins are broadcast daily in Gaelic.
Anjali 驚訝地發現，愛爾蘭每天都有以蓋爾語播報的新聞節目。
Kabir asked his Dublin friends to teach him a few simple greetings in Gaelic.
Kabir 請都柏林的朋友教他幾句簡單的愛爾蘭蓋爾語問候語。
- Irish
the preferred everyday name within Ireland
- Irish Gaelic
fuller form, useful in contrast with Scottish Gaelic
用法筆記
Speakers in Ireland more commonly call this language 'Irish' or 'Irish Gaelic'. Distinguish from sense 1 (Scottish Gaelic) — they are related but mutually different languages.
常見錯誤
3. the Celtic tongue once widely used on Man, an island between Britain and Ireland
馬恩島語
馬恩島舊時的凱爾特語言，今已罕用
the Celtic tongue once widely used on Man, an island between Britain and Ireland — now mostly known from older speakers and revival projects.
Henry studied poems written in Gaelic on the Isle of Man in the 1800s.
Henry 的研究聚焦於 1800 年代在馬恩島以蓋爾語寫成的詩作。
historical context: Isle of Man, past usage
By the 1970s, only a few elderly islanders still spoke Gaelic at home.
到了 1970 年代，島上只剩少數年長居民仍以蓋爾語為母語。
context: decline of native speakers
Volunteer groups on the island now record fluent speakers reading children's books aloud in Gaelic.
島上的志工團體如今會錄製流利的講者用蓋爾語朗讀童書。
Élise visited a small museum that displayed old letters and church records written in Gaelic.
Élise 參觀了一間小博物館，裡頭展示以蓋爾語寫成的舊信件與教會紀錄。
- Manx
the standard modern name in English
- Manx Gaelic
fuller form, makes the family link clear
用法筆記
Today this variety is more commonly called Manx or Manx Gaelic. Sense 3 differs from senses 1 and 2 by being a third distinct Celtic language, not a dialect of either.
常見錯誤
gaelic — 形容詞
- gaelicpositive
- more gaeliccomparative
- most gaelicsuperlative
1. having to do with western Scotland's Celtic tongue, the communities who use it,
蘇格蘭蓋爾的
與蘇格蘭凱爾特語言或文化相關的
having to do with western Scotland's Celtic tongue, the communities who use it, or the songs, stories, and customs that go with it.
Ziad bought a CD of Gaelic folk songs after the concert in Edinburgh.
Ziad 在愛丁堡聽完音樂會後，買了一張蓋爾語民謠的 CD。
Gaelic + noun (folk songs)
The university offers a summer course on Gaelic poetry from the Western Isles.
這所大學開設了關於西部諸島蓋爾語詩歌的暑期課程。
Gaelic + noun (poetry)
Sivan attended a Gaelic mass at a small chapel near Stornoway.
Sivan 在斯托諾韋附近一座小教堂參加了一場蓋爾語的彌撒。
The children loved hearing old Gaelic stories about sea creatures and brave fishermen.
孩子們很愛聽古老的蓋爾語故事，內容多是海怪和勇敢的漁夫。
- Scottish Gaelic
fuller form for the Scottish Celtic variety
- Highland
broader cultural label tied to the same region
文法句型
Gaelic + noun
用法筆記
Used before a noun (attributive). For the people themselves, sense 2 is more typical. Compare with sense 3 (Irish-language sense).
常見錯誤
2. describing Scottish people, especially Highlanders, or anything that is typical
蘇格蘭式的
形容蘇格蘭高地人或其傳統特質
describing Scottish people, especially Highlanders, or anything that is typical of their character, traditions, or way of life.
Sirin wrote her thesis on the warm Gaelic hospitality she met in the Hebrides.
Sirin 在赫布里底群島待了一年，論文便寫她所遇見的蘇格蘭凱爾特熱情款待。
Gaelic + noun (hospitality)
Old guidebooks often praise the proud Gaelic character of the Highland communities.
舊版的旅遊指南常稱讚高地社群驕傲的蘇格蘭凱爾特性格。
collocation: Gaelic character
Andrew traced his Gaelic roots back to a small fishing village on the west coast.
Andrew 將自己的蘇格蘭凱爾特血脈追溯到西岸的一個小漁村。
The festival celebrates the music, dance, and food of Gaelic communities from across Scotland.
這個節慶歡慶來自蘇格蘭各地凱爾特社群的音樂、舞蹈與飲食。
文法句型
Gaelic + noun (person, community, etc.)
用法筆記
Functions as a near-synonym of 'Scottish' but narrows the focus to Celtic-Highland heritage. Distinguish from sense 1, which is about the language and its products.
常見錯誤
3. having to do with Ireland's native Celtic tongue, the communities who use it, or
愛爾蘭蓋爾的
與愛爾蘭凱爾特語言或文化相關的
having to do with Ireland's native Celtic tongue, the communities who use it, or the songs, stories, and customs that go with it.
Liang joined a Gaelic conversation group at the community centre in Cork.
Liang 加入了科克市社區中心的愛爾蘭蓋爾語會話小組。
Gaelic + noun (conversation group)
Constanza was moved by the old Gaelic prayer sung at the small country wedding.
Constanza 被那場鄉間婚禮上吟唱的古老愛爾蘭蓋爾語禱詞深深打動。
Gaelic + noun (prayer)
Jenna keeps a small book of Gaelic blessings on the kitchen shelf.
Jenna 在廚房的小書架上放了一本愛爾蘭蓋爾語的祝禱文小冊。
The Dublin library has a fine collection of Gaelic manuscripts from the medieval period.
都柏林那座圖書館藏有大量中世紀的愛爾蘭蓋爾語手稿。
- Irish Gaelic
fuller form, makes the Ireland link explicit
- Irish
everyday preferred label in Ireland itself
文法句型
Gaelic + noun
用法筆記
Used before a noun (attributive). For the people or culture themselves, sense 4 is more typical. Compare with sense 1 (Scottish-language sense).
常見錯誤
4. describing Irish people, or anything that captures their traditional spirit, cus
愛爾蘭式的
形容愛爾蘭人或其傳統特質與風俗
describing Irish people, or anything that captures their traditional spirit, customs, or way of life.
Zayd wrote a fond essay about the lively Gaelic humour at every Dublin pub.
Zayd 寫了一篇散文，回味他在都柏林每家酒吧都遇上的愛爾蘭凱爾特式幽默。
Gaelic + noun (humour)
Kofi traced his wife's Gaelic ancestry back to a farming family in County Mayo.
Kofi 將妻子的愛爾蘭凱爾特血統追溯到 Mayo 郡的一個農家。
collocation: Gaelic ancestry
The village still keeps many old Gaelic customs alive at its summer festival.
這座村莊每年夏天的節慶仍延續著許多古老的愛爾蘭凱爾特習俗。
Old folk tales celebrate the warm Gaelic welcome offered to every traveller at the door.
古老的民間故事歌頌愛爾蘭凱爾特人對每位上門旅客的熱情款待。
文法句型
Gaelic + noun (person, community, etc.)
用法筆記
Near-synonym of 'Irish' that highlights the Celtic-cultural side. Distinguish from sense 3, which is about the language and its products.