geno
geno — combining_form
1. A prefix from Greek meaning 'race', 'offspring', or 'ancestry', used in words ab
種族；後代
表示種族、後代或遺傳的前綴
A prefix from Greek meaning 'race', 'offspring', or 'ancestry', used in words about ethnic groups, family lines, or inherited characteristics — for example, in terms about the destruction of a people group or the genetic makeup passed down through families.
Historians consider the systematic killing of the Herero people in 1904 an early example of genocide.
歷史學家認為 1904 年德國人對赫雷羅人的系統性屠殺是種族滅絕的早期案例。
genocide: geno- (race) + -cide (killing)
Ravindra's doctor explained how his genotype might affect his response to the new heart medication.
Ravindra 的醫生解釋他的基因型可能如何影響他對新心臟藥物的反應。
Scientists finished mapping the human genome in 2003, opening new doors for treating inherited diseases.
科學家於 2003 年完成人類基因組的定序，為治療遺傳疾病打開了新的大門。
Adina traced her family tree back six generations using genealogy records from the national library.
Adina 利用國家圖書館的家譜記錄，將她的族譜追溯了六代。
The new CRISPR technology allows scientists to edit the genotype of crops for better drought resistance.
新的 CRISPR 技術讓科學家能夠編輯作物的基因型，以提升抗旱能力。
- racial
An adjective rather than a prefix; 'racial' describes something related to race, whereas 'geno-' is a building block for larger words.
- hereditary
Focuses on traits passed through families rather than the broader 'race' or 'group' meaning of 'geno-'.
文法句型
geno- + noun/adjective base
用法筆記
Words formed with this prefix are typically formal or scientific. 'Genocide' is the most commonly encountered term outside of academic settings.
常見錯誤
2. A prefix from Greek referring to a category, class, or kind of things that share
類別；屬
指生物分類或類別的前綴
A prefix from Greek referring to a category, class, or kind of things that share common features — used especially in scientific classification systems for plants, animals, and ideas.
In biology class, Dahlia learned that the genus Panthera includes lions, tigers, and leopards.
Dahlia 在生物課上學到，豹屬（Panthera）包括獅子、老虎和花豹。
genus: a group of related species in biological classification
The professor advised using the generic term 'antibiotic' instead of listing brand names in the report.
教授建議在研究報告中使用「抗生素」這個通用詞，而不是列出品牌名稱。
Lan's favourite film genre is science fiction, but she also enjoys historical dramas and comedies.
Lan 最喜歡的電影類型是科幻片，不過她也喜歡歷史劇和喜劇片。
Biologists classify the red fox under the genus Vulpes, which includes twelve other fox species.
生物學家將赤狐歸類於狐屬（Vulpes），該屬包含另外十二種狐狸。
文法句型
geno- + noun/adjective base
用法筆記
The noun 'genus' (plural 'genera') and the adjective 'generic' are the most common English descendants of this sense. 'Genus' is used strictly in biological taxonomy; 'generic' has a broader everyday use meaning 'general' or 'not specific'.
常見錯誤
3. A prefix meaning 'general', 'common', or 'broadly applicable', appearing in word
一般；通用
表示一般性或普遍性的前綴
A prefix meaning 'general', 'common', or 'broadly applicable', appearing in words that relate to whole categories rather than specific individual cases.
The general public shared their thoughts on the new library design at the town meeting.
一般大眾在鎮民大會上分享了他們對新圖書館設計的想法。
general: affecting or concerning most people; not limited to a small group
Piotr bought a generic painkiller because it cost half the price of the name-brand version.
Piotr 購買了一般品牌的止痛藥，因為價格只有知名品牌的一半。
The teacher asked the class to generalize the main themes from three different short stories.
老師要求全班從三篇不同的短篇故事中歸納出主要的主題。
Heather gave a general overview of the project before her team discussed the technical details.
Heather 先對專案做了整體說明，然後她的團隊才討論技術細節。
- specific
Refers to a particular case rather than a whole category.
文法句型
geno- + noun/adjective base
用法筆記
This sense appears in everyday English words like 'general' and 'generic', which are common in both formal and informal settings. Unlike the other senses, these words do not use 'geno-' as a visible prefix; they derive historically from the same Greek root.