hamstring
hamstring — 動詞
- hamstringpresent simple I / you / we / they
- hamstrings3rd person singular
- hamstringing-ing form
- hamstrungpast simple
1. to make a person, organization, or system much less effective, usually by limiti
阻礙；箝制
限制其行動或能力
to make a person, organization, or system much less effective, usually by limiting its freedom, resources, or power
The lack of funding hamstrung Dr. Mira Chen's research into rare diseases.
資金不足阻礙了 Mira Chen 博士對罕見疾病的研究。
passive implied: be hamstrung by lack of funding
Ravindra's small bookstore was hamstrung by rising rent and fewer customers.
Ravindra 的小書店因租金上漲和顧客減少而受到箝制。
New safety rules have hamstrung the factory's ability to meet production targets.
新的安全規定限制了該工廠達成生產目標的能力。
Bureaucratic delays hamstrung the volunteers trying to deliver aid after the earthquake.
官僚程序的拖延阻礙了志工們在地震後運送物資的努力。
The peace talks were hamstrung from the start by mutual distrust between the two sides.
從一開始，雙方之間的互不信任就阻礙了和平會談的進行。
- hinder
less dramatic and permanent; hamstring implies a more serious, debilitating restriction
- cripple
very similar in meaning but hamstring often suggests restrictions imposed from outside rather than internal damage
- thwart
focuses on preventing a specific plan or goal rather than generally reducing effectiveness
文法句型
hamstring [someone/something]
be hamstrung by [something]
be hamstrung from [doing something]
用法筆記
Commonly used in passive constructions. This figurative sense appears frequently in news reports about politics, business, and organizations, and is far more widespread in modern English than the literal verb sense (sense 2).
常見錯誤
2. to disable a person or animal by cutting the strong tendons at the back of the l
割斷腿筋
切斷後腿肌腱使其無法站立行走
to disable a person or animal by cutting the strong tendons at the back of the leg so they cannot stand or walk properly
The hunter hamstrung the deer to prevent it from running away.
獵人割斷了那隻鹿的腿筋，防止牠逃跑。
literal: cutting tendons to disable
In medieval battles, soldiers would hamstring enemy horses to stop a cavalry charge.
在中世紀的戰役中，士兵們會割斷敵軍馬匹的後腿肌腱來阻止騎兵衝鋒。
historical context: used in warfare
The injured horse had been hamstrung by the sharp wire hidden in the grass.
那匹受傷的馬是被藏在草叢中的銳利鐵絲割傷了腿筋。
Poachers in some regions hamstring large animals to keep them from escaping.
某些地區的盜獵者會割斷大型動物的腿筋，防止牠們逃跑。
文法句型
hamstring [animal/person]
用法筆記
This literal sense is rare in modern English outside of historical writing, veterinary contexts, or discussions of hunting practices. The figurative sense (sense 1) is far more widely used today.
hamstring — 名詞
- hamstringsingular
- hamstringsplural
1. a set of five strong tendons positioned behind the knee, connecting the thigh mu
腿後肌腱
膝蓋後方連接大小腿的肌腱
a set of five strong tendons positioned behind the knee, connecting the thigh muscles to the shin and calf bones
Sayaka felt a sharp pain in her hamstring after sprinting for the bus.
Sayaka 追趕公車後感到腿後肌腱一陣劇痛。
collocation: hamstring pain / pulled hamstring
The doctor said Amihan had strained a hamstring during the soccer match.
醫生說 Amihan 在足球比賽中拉傷了腿後肌腱。
Stretching your hamstrings before a long run helps prevent muscle injuries.
長跑前先伸展腿後肌腱有助於預防肌肉受傷。
A torn hamstring kept the dancer off the stage for nearly three months.
腿後肌腱撕裂讓這位舞者將近三個月無法登臺表演。
- tendon
a general term for any connective tissue between muscle and bone; hamstring is a specific set of tendons
文法句型
hamstring — noun, subject or object
用法筆記
In sports and fitness contexts, 'hamstring' most commonly refers to the tendons behind the knee. People frequently talk about 'pulling a hamstring' or a 'hamstring injury'. The plural form 'hamstrings' can refer to all the tendons of both legs.
常見錯誤
2. each of the three muscles running down the rear of the upper leg, which together
腿後肌
大腿後方的三條長肌肉
each of the three muscles running down the rear of the upper leg, which together bend the knee and extend the hip
Building strong hamstrings helps runners maintain speed over long distances.
鍛鍊強健的腿後肌有助於跑者維持長距離速度。
collocation: strong hamstrings
The gym trainer showed Luca how to strengthen his hamstrings with deadlifts.
健身教練向 Luca 示範如何用硬舉來強化腿後肌。
Weak hamstrings can lead to knee problems for older adults who exercise regularly.
腿後肌力量不足可能導致經常運動的老年人出現膝蓋問題。
Salma's hamstring muscles felt tight after the weightlifting session.
Salma 在舉重訓練後感到腿後肌十分緊繃。
- hamstring muscle
more precise anatomical term for this sense
- thigh muscle
a broader category that includes both hamstrings and quadriceps
- quadriceps
the muscles at the front of the thigh that perform the opposite action — straightening the knee
文法句型
hamstring — noun, subject or object
用法筆記
In fitness contexts, 'hamstrings' (plural) often refers to the group of three muscles collectively. Exercises like leg curls and deadlifts specifically target these muscles.
3. a large fibrous tendon found behind the hock joint in the hind legs of horses an
後腿腱
馬等動物的後腿關節後方肌腱
a large fibrous tendon found behind the hock joint in the hind legs of horses and other four-legged mammals
Veterinarians check a horse's hamstring for swelling after any leg injury.
獸醫在檢查馬匹腿部受傷時會留意後腿腱是否有腫脹。
domain: veterinary context
Tendai learned to locate the hamstring on cattle during veterinary school.
Tendai 在獸醫學校學到了如何找到牛的後腿腱。
A racehorse with a damaged hamstring may never be able to race again.
一匹後腿腱受損的賽馬可能再也無法出賽。
The farmer noticed swelling around the donkey's hamstring and called the vet immediately.
農夫注意到驢子的後腿腱腫脹，立刻打電話給獸醫。
文法句型
hamstring — noun, subject or object
用法筆記
This sense is restricted to veterinary and equestrian contexts. In horses, the hamstring tendon runs behind the hock and is important for the animal's movement.