illocutionary
illocutionary — 形容詞
- illocutionarypositive
- more illocutionarycomparative
- most illocutionarysuperlative
1. describing the intended social action that a speaker performs by saying somethin
言外行為的
透過說話完成行為的
describing the intended social action that a speaker performs by saying something — for instance making a promise, issuing a command, or offering a warning — rather than simply stating the literal words.
Dr. Tanvi explained the illocutionary force behind a simple promise during her linguistics lecture.
Tanvi 博士在她的語言學課堂上解釋了一個簡單承諾背後的言外力量。
illocutionary + noun (force)
Selim asked his students to find the illocutionary act in a recorded phone conversation.
Selim 要求學生找出某段錄音對話中的言外行為。
illocutionary + noun (act)
The customer's complaint carried an illocutionary meaning of requesting a full refund.
那位顧客的投訴帶有要求全額退款的言外意義。
In a conference talk, Hui showed how illocutionary acts depend on the speaker's intentions.
在一場學術演講中，Hui 展示了言外行為如何取決於說話者的意圖。
The apology letter had a clear illocutionary purpose: to repair the damaged relationship.
那封道歉信具有明確的言外目的，就是修補受損的關係。
- performative
Performative is a narrower term limited to utterances where saying the words IS the action (e.g. 'I promise'), whereas illocutionary covers all intended speech acts including commands, apologies, and warnings.
- pragmatic
Pragmatic is a broader term covering all aspects of meaning in context; illocutionary specifically refers to the speaker's intended action through speech.
- locutionary
Locutionary refers to the literal act of uttering words, while illocutionary concerns the force or intention behind the utterance.
文法句型
illocutionary + noun (force, act, meaning, purpose)
用法筆記
Frequently appears as a modifier in the noun phrases 'illocutionary force', 'illocutionary act', and 'illocutionary meaning'. This is a specialist term from speech-act theory (philosophy of language and linguistics); it is rarely used in everyday conversation.