inward
/ˈɪnwəd/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈɪnwərd/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈin-wərd/ (ame, mw) · /ˈɪn.wəd/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈɪn.wɚd/ (ame, ipa)
inward — 形容詞
1. placed on the inner side of something, or moving in a direction that goes toward
向內的
指向內部或中心的
placed on the inner side of something, or moving in a direction that goes toward the centre or inside of a space.
Christopher pushed the heavy gate inward and stepped into the garden.
Christopher 推開沉重的大門向內走，踏進了花園。
verb + inward (physical movement)
The door opened inward, so we had to stand back to let it swing.
門是向內開的，所以我們得後退讓它擺動。
verb + inward (direction of opening)
Wei traced the inward curve of the bowl with his finger.
Wei 用手指沿著碗的內彎曲線摸了一圈。
An inward fold in the fabric created a neat pocket for the phone.
布料上的一個向內褶皺剛好形成放手機的口袋。
- outward
the direct opposite — outward describes the exterior or movement away from the centre
用法筆記
Frequently used before nouns describing physical features such as curve, fold, slope, or surface.
2. existing in a person's thoughts or emotional life, rather than being shown, spok
內心的
存在於內心而未表露的
existing in a person's thoughts or emotional life, rather than being shown, spoken, or expressed to others.
Ayesha kept her inward feelings about the argument hidden from her family.
Ayesha 把對於那次爭吵的內心感受隱藏起來，沒有告訴家人。
inward + noun (hidden emotions)
For years, Tunde had an inward sense that he was meant to do something bigger.
多年來，Tunde 心中一直有一種感覺，認為自己應該做更重要的事。
The meditation retreat helped participants explore their inward thoughts through silence and reflection.
這場靜修活動幫助參與者透過靜默與反思來探索自己的內心想法。
Naoko's diary was filled with her most inward hopes and private fears.
Naoko 的日記裡寫滿了她最深層的期盼與不為人知的恐懼。
用法筆記
Commonly paired with nouns describing personal or emotional experience — such as feelings, thoughts, struggle, journey, peace, or life. Not used to describe physical objects.
常見錯誤
3. relating to money, capital, or investment that moves into a country from sources
引進的
外國資金流入國內的
relating to money, capital, or investment that moves into a country from sources outside its borders.
The government introduced tax breaks to attract more inward investment from international firms.
政府推出稅務優惠，吸引更多國際企業來境內投資。
inward investment (economic term)
Vinícius analysed the effects of inward capital flow on the local job market.
Vinícius 分析了外資流入對當地就業市場的影響。
Inward remittances from overseas workers make up a large part of the country's national income.
來自海外勞工的內匯佔了該國國民收入的很大一部分。
The finance minister announced new rules to encourage inward financial flows.
財政部長宣布了新措施，鼓勵資金向國內流動。
- outward
outward investment means money leaving the country to be invested abroad
用法筆記
Almost always used in formal or technical contexts such as economics, trade policy, or development reports. Typically modifies nouns like investment, capital, remittances, or flow.
inward — 副詞
1. in a direction that goes toward the centre or interior of something, such as a b
向內
朝向內部移動的方向
in a direction that goes toward the centre or interior of something, such as a building, container, or physical space.
Gabriel turned the umbrella inward to shake off the rain before entering the shop.
Gabriel 把雨傘朝內甩了幾下，把雨水抖掉才走進店裡。
verb + inward (direction)
The walls of the old cave sloped inward as the group moved deeper.
舊洞穴的牆壁隨著一行人深入而逐漸向內傾斜。
Felix folded the map inward until it was small enough for his coat pocket.
Felix 把地圖往內折，直到能放進他的外套口袋為止。
Please place the chairs so that they face inward toward the stage.
請把椅子排好，讓它們朝內面向舞台。
用法筆記
In British English, the form "inwards" is very common and can be used interchangeably — for example, "the door opens inwards" is preferred in UK writing. The form "inward" without -s is more common in American English.
inward — 名詞
1. the most essential or deeply hidden part of a person's character or of a thing's
內在
人或事物的內在本質
the most essential or deeply hidden part of a person's character or of a thing's true nature.
The poem invites readers to explore the inward of the human soul.
這首詩邀請讀者探索人類靈魂的內在。
the inward (abstract noun, formal)
Years of meditation helped Christopher connect more deeply with his inward.
多年的冥想幫助 Christopher 更深入地連結自己的內在。
The philosopher argued that the inward of a person cannot be understood through observation alone.
這位哲學家主張，一個人的內在無法單靠觀察來理解。
The therapist guided her patient toward exploring his inward to find the source of his anxiety.
那位治療師引導病患探索自己的內在，找出焦慮的根源。
- inner self
much more common in modern English; 'inward' as a noun sounds dated
- essence
focuses on the core qualities rather than location inside a person
用法筆記
This sense is very rare in everyday speech. It appears mainly in philosophical, poetic, or spiritual writing. Most modern speakers use "inner self" or "inner being" instead.
2. the organs inside the body of a person or animal, especially the stomach, intest
內臟
人或動物體內器官
the organs inside the body of a person or animal, especially the stomach, intestines, and other digestive organs.
The hunter cleaned the deer's inwards before bringing the meat back to the village.
獵人清理了鹿的內臟，然後把肉帶回村莊。
inwards (plural noun, organs)
Anong felt a sharp pain in her inwards after eating the spoiled fish.
Anong 吃了那條壞掉的魚之後，腹部內臟一陣劇痛。
The vet examined the dog's inwards using an ultrasound machine.
獸醫用超音波檢查了狗的內臟。
Yara learned how to clean the inwards of a fish during her cooking class.
Yara 在烹飪課上學會了如何清理魚的內臟。
- innards
equally informal and more common; 'innards' is the usual word in everyday speech
- internal organs
the formal, medically accurate term
- guts
very informal, often used for the digestive tract specifically
用法筆記
Almost always used in the plural form "inwards." The singular "inward" for an organ does not exist in modern English. This sense is informal and may be considered crude in polite conversation; the medical term "internal organs" is preferred in formal contexts.