junior
junior — 形容詞
- juniorpositive
- more juniorcomparative
- most juniorsuperlative
1. Having a position in an organization that is below others, with less authority,
低階；資淺
在組織中職位或年資較低的
Having a position in an organization that is below others, with less authority, less experience, or fewer years of service.
Aylin started as a junior reporter at the local newspaper right after college.
Aylin 大學畢業後就在當地報社當初級記者。
junior + job title for a low-rank position
The junior staff members were asked to work on the weekend while the senior team took a break.
資淺員工被要求週末加班，而資深團隊則休假。
Leo felt frustrated when his junior role meant he could only watch the senior managers make decisions.
Leo 因為職位較低，只能看著資深主管做決定，感到有些沮喪。
As a junior partner at the law firm, Mira handled most of the research for the senior lawyers.
Mira 在律師事務所擔任初級合夥人，主要為資深律師處理研究工作。
- subordinate
Focuses on someone under the authority of another; more formal and often used in military or strict hierarchies.
- assistant
Emphasises helping a more senior person rather than simply being lower in rank.
- entry-level
Describes the lowest starting position in a career; more specific than 'junior'.
- senior
The direct opposite; having a higher rank, more authority, or more experience.
用法筆記
Often used as part of a job title (junior manager, junior analyst). Frequently contrasted with 'senior'. The preposition pattern is 'junior to' — e.g. 'She is junior to the department head.'
常見錯誤
2. Relating to children or young people under a particular age, especially in sport
青少年的
為特定年齡以下兒童或青少年設計的
Relating to children or young people under a particular age, especially in sports competitions, school programs, or age-based groups.
Anong won first place in the junior division of the science fair last spring.
Anong 去年春天在科展的少年組中獲得第一名。
junior division = age-based category in a competition
The junior tennis championship is open to players aged fourteen and under.
青少年網球錦標賽開放十四歲以下的選手參加。
junior + sport for an age-limited competition
In her junior year of high school, Gita started applying to colleges across the country.
Gita 高中三年級時就開始申請全國各地的大學。
Leo signed up for the junior soccer league, which is for kids between nine and twelve.
Leo 報名了九到十二歲兒童的青少年足球聯賽。
The school's junior choir performed at the town hall during the holiday season.
學校的少年合唱團在假日期間於市政廳演出。
- senior
In sport and education, 'senior' refers to the older age group or the final year.
用法筆記
In British English, this sense relates to children aged 7 to 11 in primary education. In American English, 'junior year' specifically refers to the third year of a four-year high school or college program. The age cutoff varies by sport or organization.
常見錯誤
3. Placed after a male name to indicate the person is the younger member of a fathe
小
表示同名父子中較年輕的一方
Placed after a male name to indicate the person is the younger member of a father-son pair who share that identical full name.
Martin Luther King Jr. led the civil rights movement in the United States during the 1960s.
Martin Luther King Jr. 在 1960 年代領導了美國的民權運動。
Jr. after a name = the younger of two men with the same name
The letter was addressed to Robert Chen Jr., even though he now goes by his middle name.
那封信是寄給 Robert Chen Jr. 的，儘管他現在已經改用中間名。
When Samuel Park Jr. took over the family business, his father had already retired to the countryside.
Samuel Park Jr. 接手家族企業時，他的父親已經退休搬到鄉下。
The award was presented to Dr. James Okafor Jr. for his work in community medicine.
該獎項頒給了 James Okafor Jr. 醫生，以表彰他在社區醫療方面的貢獻。
- senior
Written as 'Sr.' after a name to indicate the older of two men with the same name.
用法筆記
Usually abbreviated as 'Jr.' in American English, sometimes written in full as 'Junior' in older or British usage. The father is often called 'Sr.' (Senior) or given no suffix. Used almost exclusively for men.
常見錯誤
junior — 名詞
- juniorsingular
- juniorsplural
1. A person who holds a position near the bottom of an organization's hierarchy, wi
資淺人員
組織中職位較低、經驗較少的員工
A person who holds a position near the bottom of an organization's hierarchy, with relatively little authority or experience.
The juniors in the office were asked to organize the filing system before the audit.
辦公室的資淺人員在審計前被要求整理歸檔系統。
juniors (plural) = low-rank employees in an office
Heloísa worked as a junior in a marketing agency before she was promoted to team leader.
Heloísa 在一家行銷公司擔任初級職員，後來才晉升為團隊主管。
The senior manager asked one of the juniors to prepare the slides for the client presentation.
資深經理請其中一位資淺人員準備客戶簡報的投影片。
Training programs help juniors develop the skills they need to move up in the company.
培訓計畫幫助資淺人員培養在公司內部晉升所需的技能。
- subordinate
More formal and hierarchical; focuses on being under someone's authority rather than being at a low level.
- newcomer
Emphasises recent arrival rather than rank; a newcomer could be senior in rank but new to the team.
- senior
A person with a higher rank, more authority, or greater experience.
用法筆記
Often used in the plural (juniors) to refer to this group collectively. The opposite term is 'senior'. Can refer to any professional field — law, finance, marketing, journalism, etc.
2. A child who attends a junior school, typically between the ages of 7 and 11 in t
小學生
就讀小學的兒童，尤指7至11歲學童
A child who attends a junior school, typically between the ages of 7 and 11 in the UK education system.
The juniors at the local primary school put on a play about the history of their town.
當地小學的高年級學生演出了一齣關於小鎮歷史的戲劇。
juniors (plural) = children at a junior school
Nkechi's daughter is now a junior and will move to secondary school next September.
Nkechi 的女兒現在是小學高年級學生，明年九月就要升上中學了。
The head teacher announced that the juniors would get new computers for the school library.
校長宣布高年級學生將獲得學校圖書館的新電腦。
The juniors spent the afternoon planting flowers in the school garden for a nature project.
高年級學生花了一下午在學校花園裡種花，作為自然科專題活動。
- schoolchild
A more general term for any child attending school, not specific to the junior age range.
用法筆記
Used mainly in the UK, where primary education is divided into 'infants' (ages 5-7) and 'juniors' (ages 7-11). In the US, 'elementary school student' is the more common term.
3. A shortened form of 'junior school' — a school in the UK for children aged 7 to
小學
英國7-11歲學童就讀的小學
A shortened form of 'junior school' — a school in the UK for children aged 7 to 11.
Yumi's younger brother just started at the junior down the road from their house.
Yumi 的弟弟剛開始就讀離家附近的那所小學。
the junior = the junior school (informal shortening)
The junior has an excellent sports field that the local community also uses on weekends.
那所小學有一個很棒的運動場，週末社區居民也會使用。
Parents gathered outside the junior waiting for their children after the school fair.
家長們聚集在小學外面，等待園遊會結束後接孩子回家。
The junior near the park has a lunch program that provides free meals to students.
公園附近那所小學的午餐計畫為學生提供免費餐點。
用法筆記
This is an informal shortening of 'junior school'. In formal writing, the full form 'junior school' is preferred. Used mainly in British English.
4. Somebody who has completed two years of a four-year degree at a US high school o
三年級生
美國高中或大學四年制中的三年級學生
Somebody who has completed two years of a four-year degree at a US high school or university and has one year left before graduating.
As a junior at the University of Texas, Lucas was already thinking about his career after graduation.
Lucas 在德州大學三年級時就開始思考畢業後的職業規劃。
junior = third-year university student in the US
The school offers a special internship program for juniors who want to gain work experience.
學校為三年級學生提供特別的實習計畫，幫助他們獲得工作經驗。
Élise spent her junior year studying abroad in Japan to improve her language skills.
Élise 在大三那年到日本留學，以提升她的語言能力。
Most juniors at the high school start taking SAT practice tests in the fall semester.
高中三年級學生大多在秋季學期開始參加 SAT 模擬考試。
- third-year student
Universally understood; preferred outside North America.
- penultimate-year student
Very formal; used mainly in official university documents.
用法筆記
Used in the US education system where the four years are: freshman (1st), sophomore (2nd), junior (3rd), senior (4th). Outside the US, 'third-year student' or 'penultimate-year student' is more common.
常見錯誤
5. A young person who takes part in a sport or competitive activity, usually within
青少年運動員
參加特定運動或活動的青少年
A young person who takes part in a sport or competitive activity, usually within a particular age group.
The gymnastics club includes both seniors and juniors, with gymnasts ranging from ages fourteen to eighteen.
這間體操社涵蓋了高級組和青少年組，選手年齡從十四到十八歲不等。
juniors = young athletes in an age-based group
Sumin qualified for the national competition as a junior in the local swimming club.
Sumin 在當地游泳俱樂部以青少年選手的身分取得了全國比賽的資格。
The coach split the players into seniors and juniors for the training session.
教練將選手分為高級組和青少年組進行訓練。
Juniors must have a parent or guardian sign the permission form before the tournament.
青少年選手必須由家長或監護人在同意書上簽名，才能參加比賽。
- youth player
Common in team sports like football and basketball to describe young athletes in a club's development system.
- senior
An athlete or player in the older or higher age division.
用法筆記
The specific age cutoff for 'juniors' varies by sport, organization, or competition rules. Often contrasted with 'seniors' who compete in a higher age division.
6. Somebody who is a specified number of years younger compared to another person.
小…歲的人
比某人年輕若干歲的人
Somebody who is a specified number of years younger compared to another person.
At forty-five, the new manager is ten years her junior and has a very different management style.
新任主管現年四十五歲，比她年輕十歲，管理風格也截然不同。
X years someone's junior = X years younger than someone
Leo is three years Emma's junior, but they get along very well as colleagues in the lab.
Leo 比 Emma 小三歲，但他們在實驗室裡相處得非常融洽。
Sofia married a man who is twelve years her junior, and they have been together for eight years.
Sofia 嫁給了一位小她十二歲的男士，兩人在一起已經八年了。
Although he is five years my junior, he has far more experience in this field.
雖然他比我小五歲，但在這個領域的經驗比我豐富得多。
- younger
More direct and simpler; used in everyday speech ('He is five years younger than me'). 'Junior' in this sense is more formal and literary.
- senior
Used in the same structure to mean a person who is a certain number of years older ('five years her senior').
文法句型
number + years + possessive + junior
用法筆記
Always used with a specific number of years. The structure is: [number] + years + [possessive pronoun or noun + 's] + junior. The opposite pattern uses 'senior' — e.g. 'ten years her senior'.
常見錯誤
7. A way for a parent to refer to their son when speaking to someone else, especial
小兒子
父母非正式地稱呼自己的兒子
A way for a parent to refer to their son when speaking to someone else, especially in British English.
My junior has just started walking, so we had to put gates on all the stairs.
我小兒子剛學會走路，所以我們在所有樓梯口都裝了安全門。
my junior = my son (informal family reference)
Mrs. Chen told the teacher that her junior would be absent on Friday for a family trip.
陳太太告訴老師，她兒子星期五要請假，因為家裡要出去玩。
I need to pick up my junior from football practice before the store closes.
我得在商店關門前去接小兒子足球練習下課。
Her junior won the spelling bee at school, and she could not stop smiling about it.
她小兒子在學校拼字比賽中獲勝，她開心得合不攏嘴。
用法筆記
Informal and somewhat old-fashioned in modern use. More common in British English than American English. Always used with a possessive determiner (my, her, his, their). The term 'junior' in this sense is slowly falling out of everyday use.