measures
measures — 動詞
1. to find out how long, wide, heavy, hot, or fast a thing is by using a tool such
測量
用工具找出大小、重量等數值
to find out how long, wide, heavy, hot, or fast a thing is by using a tool such as a ruler, scale, or thermometer.
Sivan measures the kitchen floor before ordering new tiles.
Sivan 在訂購新磁磚之前，先測量廚房地板的尺寸。
transitive: measure + concrete object
The nurse measures every baby's head at the six-month check-up.
護士在每個寶寶六個月回診時，都會測量他們的頭圍。
measure + body part for medical record
Caleb carefully measures the flour before adding it to the dough.
Caleb 仔細測量麵粉的份量，然後再加進麵糰裡。
Engineers measure how much the bridge moves on windy days.
工程師會測量這座橋在大風天搖晃的幅度。
Tanvi uses a thermometer to measure the temperature of the water.
Tanvi 用溫度計測量水的溫度。
- estimate
guess without a precise tool
文法句型
measure + noun (object)
measure + how/what-clause
用法筆記
Object is typically a physical quantity (length, weight, time, temperature). Often appears with the tool in a 'with' or 'using' phrase.
常見錯誤
2. to have a stated length, width, height, or other dimension when checked.
長度為；達
本身具有某個尺寸或長度
to have a stated length, width, height, or other dimension when checked.
Élise's living-room rug measures three metres long and two metres wide.
Élise 客廳的地毯長三公尺，寬兩公尺。
measure + length + width dimensions
The new fridge measures only sixty centimetres across, so it fits anywhere.
新的冰箱寬度只有六十公分，所以放哪裡都可以。
measure + dimension + result clause
Salma's wedding cake measured almost a metre high before they cut it.
Salma 的婚禮蛋糕在切開之前，高度將近一公尺。
The world's largest pumpkin this year measures over four feet across.
今年世界上最大的南瓜直徑超過四英尺。
- be
plain spoken equivalent ('the rug is three metres long')
文法句型
measure + dimension (e.g. '2 metres long')
用法筆記
Subject is the object being described; no human agent. Distinguish from sense 1: in sense 1 someone performs the action; here the object simply has the size.
常見錯誤
3. to form an opinion about how good, important, or successful someone or something
評斷；衡量
用某個標準判斷好壞或重要性
to form an opinion about how good, important, or successful someone or something is by comparing it to a standard.
Vinícius believes you cannot measure happiness with money or job titles.
Vinícius 認為幸福不能用金錢或職稱來衡量。
measure + abstract quality
Schools often measure success by exam scores rather than student wellbeing.
學校常常用考試分數而不是學生的身心狀況來衡量成就。
measure + abstract + by + standard
Ife says we should measure a leader by what they do, not what they promise.
Ife 說我們應該以一個領袖做了什麼，而不是承諾了什麼來評斷他。
The team's progress is measured against the goals they set last spring.
團隊的進度是依照他們春天定下的目標來衡量。
文法句型
measure + noun
measure + noun + against + standard
be measured + by/against
用法筆記
Frequently passive. Object is usually an abstract quality (success, happiness, progress, ability). Often paired with 'by', 'against', or 'in terms of' to name the yardstick.
常見錯誤
measures — 名詞
1. an official action that a government, company, or other group takes in order to
措施；對策
為處理問題而採取的正式做法
an official action that a government, company, or other group takes in order to deal with a problem or reach a goal.
The city introduced new safety measures after the fire on Lemon Street.
市政府在 Lemon Street 那場火災之後推出了新的安全措施。
introduce + safety measures
Sayaka's office took strict measures to stop people sharing customer data.
Sayaka 的公司採取嚴格的措施，阻止員工外洩客戶資料。
take measures + to-infinitive
Sari supports stronger measures against companies that pollute the river.
Sari 支持對污染河川的公司採取更嚴厲的措施。
Emergency measures are in place at every airport during the heavy snow.
在大雪期間，每個機場都實施了緊急應變措施。
- inaction
doing nothing about a problem
文法句型
take measures (to do something)
measures against + problem
用法筆記
Almost always plural in this sense. Subject of the related verb is usually an institution (government, school, company), not a single person.
常見錯誤
2. a unit or system used to express how big, heavy, fast, or hot something is — for
單位；度量
用來表示大小、重量等的標準單位
a unit or system used to express how big, heavy, fast, or hot something is — for example, metres, kilos, or seconds.
The metre is the standard measure of length in most countries today.
公尺是目前大多數國家用來表示長度的標準單位。
standard measure + of + dimension
Older British recipes use measures like pounds and ounces instead of grams.
比較舊的英國食譜用磅和盎司這類單位，而不是公克。
measures + like + examples
Christopher's class learns about weights and measures from around the world.
Christopher 的班上正在學世界各地的度量衡。
In music, the staff is divided into measures of equal length.
在音樂裡，五線譜會被分成長度相同的小節。
文法句型
a measure of + noun
in standard measures
用法筆記
Often appears in the fixed phrase 'weights and measures'. Distinguish from sense 3: a measure here is a UNIT (metre, kilo), while in sense 3 it is an AMOUNT (a lot of, a little).
3. an amount of something, especially something good or bad like success, freedom,
幾分；程度
某種抽象事物的不精確份量
an amount of something, especially something good or bad like success, freedom, or pain — used when you do not want to be exact.
Dario felt a real measure of pride when his daughter finished medical school.
Dario 在女兒讀完醫學院的那一刻，感受到一份真實的驕傲。
a measure of + positive emotion
The new mayor brought a measure of calm to the worried neighbourhood.
新市長為這個焦慮的社區帶來了幾分平靜。
a measure of + abstract quality
Justin enjoys a fair measure of freedom now that he works from home.
Justin 現在在家工作，享有相當程度的自由。
There was some measure of truth in what Chiara said about the manager.
Chiara 對那位經理的描述，多少有幾分真實。
文法句型
a measure of + uncountable noun
用法筆記
Typically follows 'a', 'some', 'a fair/large/small/certain'. Object is an uncountable abstract noun (success, freedom, truth, pain). Distinguish from sense 2: here measure means QUANTITY, not unit.
常見錯誤
4. a fixed small amount of a strong drink such as whisky or gin, poured out in a ba
一份；定量
酒吧倒出的固定小量烈酒
a fixed small amount of a strong drink such as whisky or gin, poured out in a bar using a special metal cup.
Inês ordered a double measure of whisky after a long shift at the hospital.
Inês 在醫院長班結束之後，點了一份雙倍威士忌。
a (double) measure of + spirit
Each measure of gin in this pub is exactly twenty-five millilitres.
這間酒吧裡每一份琴酒都是剛好二十五毫升。
exact volume of a measure
Felipe poured a small measure of rum into the warm fruit cake.
Felipe 在溫熱的水果蛋糕裡淋了一小份蘭姆酒。
The barman gave the regulars a generous measure of brandy on cold nights.
酒保在寒冷的夜裡會給熟客一份份量很足的白蘭地。
文法句型
a measure of + spirit
用法筆記
Mainly British English; in American bars the word 'shot' or 'pour' is more common. Used only for spirits, not beer or wine.
5. in written music, one of the equal sections of a stave divided by upright lines,
小節
樂譜上由小節線分隔的一段拍子
in written music, one of the equal sections of a stave divided by upright lines, each holding the same count of beats.
Takeshi practised the first eight measures of the Mozart piece every morning.
Takeshi 每天早上都會練習那首莫札特作品的前八個小節。
measures + number (eight measures)
The teacher asked the violinists to play from measure twelve to measure twenty.
老師請小提琴手從第十二小節彈到第二十小節。
measure + ordinal-like number reference
Each measure in this waltz holds three beats and lasts about one second.
這首華爾滋的每一個小節有三拍，大約一秒長。
The pianist skipped two measures by mistake during the school concert.
鋼琴家在學校音樂會上不小心跳過了兩個小節。
- bar
British English equivalent; same musical unit
用法筆記
American term; British musicians use 'bar' for the same thing. Found in music textbooks and on conductors' notes.
6. a sign or test used to decide how good, strong, or successful someone or somethi
標準；指標
用來判斷價值或品質的參考
a sign or test used to decide how good, strong, or successful someone or something really is.
Exam results are not the only measure of a good school.
考試成績並不是一所好學校唯一的衡量標準。
the (only/best/true) measure of + abstract
Kindness to strangers is a fair measure of someone's character.
對陌生人是否友善，可以作為一個人品格的合理指標。
fair measure of + character/value
Profit alone is a poor measure of a company's long-term health.
光看獲利，並不是判斷一家公司長期健康的好指標。
The number of returning visitors is the truest measure of a hotel's quality.
回流客的數量是判斷一家飯店品質最真實的指標。
文法句型
a measure of + abstract noun
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (action) and sense 3 (amount): here a measure is a TEST or sign you use to judge value. Often paired with 'the only/best/true/fair/poor measure of'.