monsoon
/ˌmɒnˈsuːn/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌmɑːnˈsuːn/ (ame, ipa) · /män-ˈsün ˈmän-ˌsün/ (ame, mw)
monsoon — 名詞
- monsoonsingular
- monsoonsplural
1. The period each year when very heavy rain falls across South and Southeast Asia,
雨季
南亞夏季的強降雨季節
The period each year when very heavy rain falls across South and Southeast Asia, normally lasting several weeks during the summer.
Every year during the monsoon, the streets of Mumbai flood with rainwater.
每年雨季期間，Mumbai 的街道都淹滿雨水。
Gita’s family depends on the monsoon rains to grow rice for the whole year.
Gita 一家靠雨季的降雨種出整年所需的米。
collocation: monsoon rains
The monsoon arrived three weeks late this year, worrying farmers across the region.
今年的雨季晚了三個星期，讓整個地區的農民很憂心。
Mayumi’s family stores extra food and water before the monsoon begins each June.
Mayumi 的家人在每年六月雨季來臨前，會先儲備額外的食物和水。
When Noor was young, the monsoon often kept children indoors for days at a time.
Noor 小的時候，雨季常常讓孩子們接連好幾天都只能待在家裡。
- rainy season
more general term used for any region with a distinct wet period; 'monsoon' is specific to Asia
- wet season
broader term used in tropical climates worldwide; lacks the historical and cultural associations of 'monsoon'
- dry season
the part of the year when little or no rain falls in a monsoon climate
用法筆記
In everyday speech, 'monsoon' sometimes refers to any period of very heavy rain, but the strict meaning is tied to the seasonal weather pattern of South and Southeast Asia. The article 'the' is almost always used: 'the monsoon.'
2. A wind pattern over South Asia that changes direction twice a year: in summer it
季風
南亞隨季節變換方向的風
A wind pattern over South Asia that changes direction twice a year: in summer it arrives from the southwest carrying moisture and heavy rain, while in winter it comes from the northeast with dry air.
The southwest monsoon carries moist air from the Indian Ocean toward the coast of India.
西南季風挾帶溼氣，從印度洋吹向印度海岸。
collocation: southwest monsoon
Ancient sailors used the monsoon winds to guide their trading ships across the Indian Ocean.
古代的水手利用季風來引導他們的商船橫越印度洋。
collocation: monsoon winds
When the winter monsoon arrives from the northeast, Daichi’s hometown becomes dry and cool.
冬季季風從東北來臨時，Daichi 的家鄉變得乾燥而涼爽。
Imran’s uncle, who works at the weather station, tracks the monsoon winds every summer.
Imran 的叔叔在氣象站工作，每年夏天都會追蹤季風的動向。
Aarav learned in geography how the monsoon winds shaped trade across Asia.
Aarav 在地理課上學到季風如何影響了亞洲的貿易。
- trade wind
similar concept of a reliable directional wind, but trade winds are steady year-round and occur globally, not reversing seasonally like a monsoon
用法筆記
This sense refers to the wind system itself rather than the rainfall. Meteorologists distinguish between the 'summer monsoon' (southwest, wet) and 'winter monsoon' (northeast, dry).