non-functional
/ˌnɒnˈfʌŋk.ʃən.əl/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌnɑːnˈfʌŋk.ʃən.əl/ (ame, ipa)
non-functional — 形容詞
1. describing a machine, device, or system that has stopped operating, or that does
故障的
機器或系統壞掉、無法正常運作
describing a machine, device, or system that has stopped operating, or that does not behave the way it should.
After the lightning strike, the office printer was completely non-functional.
雷擊之後，辦公室的印表機完全無法使用。
be non-functional after a triggering event
Zola tried to call for help, but her phone was non-functional in the tunnel.
Zola 想打電話求救，但她的手機在隧道裡收不到訊號，根本不能用。
non-functional + location-based reason
The hotel reported three non-functional elevators and asked guests to use the stairs.
飯店通報有三部電梯故障，並請房客改走樓梯。
Caio bought the old camera at the flea market knowing the shutter was non-functional.
Caio 在跳蚤市場買下那台舊相機時就知道快門已經壞了。
The team discovered that the warning system had been non-functional for over a month.
團隊發現警報系統已經故障一個多月。
- broken
more everyday; works for both small objects and big systems
- out of order
common public sign wording for shared machines like lifts or toilets
- inoperative
formal; common in technical or legal reports
- working
everyday opposite
- operational
formal opposite, often used of large systems
文法句型
non-functional + noun
be non-functional
用法筆記
Subject is usually a machine, device, or technical system. Distinguish from sense 2: this sense describes something that should work but has failed, while sense 2 describes something that was never meant to serve a real purpose.
常見錯誤
2. describing a part or feature of something that has been added for looks or tradi
裝飾用的
為外觀或傳統而設，無實際功能
describing a part or feature of something that has been added for looks or tradition rather than to do an actual job.
The old castle has several non-functional towers that were built only for decoration.
這座古堡有好幾座純粹裝飾用、沒有實際功能的塔樓。
non-functional + noun (decorative architectural feature)
Lien noticed that the buttons on the cuff of the jacket were non-functional.
Lien 注意到外套袖口上的鈕扣只是裝飾用，根本扣不起來。
non-functional + clothing detail
Many modern cars include non-functional vents on the hood purely for style.
許多現代汽車在引擎蓋上加了純為造型、沒有實際功能的進氣口。
Critics complained that the new museum was full of non-functional spaces wasting valuable floor area.
評論家抱怨這座新博物館裡有太多沒有實際用途的空間，浪費了寶貴的樓地板面積。
- decorative
stresses the visual role
- ornamental
more formal; common in design and architecture writing
- functional
designed to perform a real purpose
- practical
useful in real situations, not just for looks
文法句型
non-functional + noun (purely decorative)
用法筆記
Object is usually a part, feature, or space — not a whole device. Often paired with words like 'decorative', 'purely', or 'merely' to stress that the item exists only for show. Distinguish from sense 1, where the item was meant to work but is currently failing.