pressures
pressures — 名詞
- pressuressingular
- pressuresesplural
1. the physical pushing power that a hand, finger, or object creates when it applie
按壓；壓力
手或物體按壓產生的力量
the physical pushing power that a hand, finger, or object creates when it applies weight to a surface
The nurse applied gentle pressure to the wound to stop the bleeding.
護士對傷口輕輕按壓，以止住流血。
apply + [adjective] + pressure + to + [noun]
Marta pressed down on the jar lid with steady pressure until it popped open.
Marta 持續施力按壓罐蓋，直到它彈開為止。
The doctor told Rachid not to put too much pressure on his injured ankle for a week.
醫生告訴 Rachid 一週內不要對受傷的腳踝施加太多壓力。
Hassan pushed down on the heavy box with both hands, using steady pressure to close the lid.
Hassan 用雙手用力壓著沉重的箱子，穩穩地把蓋子蓋上。
The little girl held her father's hand tightly, and he smiled at the tiny pressure of her fingers.
小女孩緊緊握住父親的手，他感覺到手指傳來小小的壓力，笑了出來。
- force
more general term; pressure implies a continuous push against a surface
- weight
focuses on heaviness rather than active pushing
- compression
technical term for being squeezed or pressed together
- release
the removal of applied force
2. the feeling of worry or anxiety that comes from having too many demands on your
壓力；緊張
因要求過多而產生的憂慮
the feeling of worry or anxiety that comes from having too many demands on your time, energy, or ability to cope
Manuela has been under a lot of pressure at work since her boss gave her three big projects.
Manuela 自從老闆交給她三個大案子之後，工作壓力就一直很大。
under pressure — most common collocation
The pressure of meeting the deadline made the whole team work through the night.
趕截止期限的壓力讓整個團隊通宵工作。
Shirin decided to leave her job because the constant pressure was making it hard to sleep.
Shirin 決定辭職，因為持續的壓力讓她難以入睡。
Students often feel enormous pressure to get top grades in their final exams.
學生們常常為了期末考試取得好成績而感到極大的壓力。
Mika learned to handle the pressure of managing two cafe shifts back-to-back.
Mika 學會了應付連續值兩個咖啡廳班次的壓力。
用法筆記
Commonly paired with 'under' ('under pressure') to describe a state of stress. 'Put someone under pressure' is the causative pattern. Distinguish from sense 4 (PERSUASION): this sense describes an internal feeling, while sense 4 describes an external act of influence.
3. the physical force that a gas, liquid, or the surrounding air pushes against the
氣壓；水壓
液體或氣體對表面的作用力
the physical force that a gas, liquid, or the surrounding air pushes against the surfaces that contain it
The water pressure in the old pipes was too low for a hot shower.
舊水管的水壓太低，無法好好洗個熱水澡。
water pressure / air pressure / tyre pressure
Omar checked the tyre pressure on his bicycle before the long ride to work.
Omar 在騎車上班前檢查了腳踏車的胎壓。
When the weather turned cold, the pressure in Diego's car tyres dropped by several units.
天氣轉冷時，Diego 汽車輪胎的胎壓下降了好幾個單位。
Amara checked the pressure gauge on the boiler before turning on the heating for the first time that winter.
Amara 在冬天第一次開啟暖氣前，檢查了鍋爐的壓力表。
The doctor told Mrs. Chen that her high blood pressure needed to be checked every month.
醫生告訴陳太太，她的高血壓需要每個月檢查一次。
用法筆記
Common in compounds such as 'blood pressure', 'air pressure', 'water pressure', and 'tyre pressure'. The scientific unit is the pascal, but everyday usage simply says 'high' or 'low' pressure.
常見錯誤
4. the act of using arguments, repeated requests, or influence to make someone do s
施壓；逼迫
透過說服或施壓使對方行動
the act of using arguments, repeated requests, or influence to make someone do something they would not choose to do on their own
The union put pressure on the factory owner by threatening to go on strike.
工會威脅罷工，向工廠老闆施加壓力。
put pressure on [someone]
Samir felt pressure from his parents to study medicine instead of pursuing art.
Samir 感受到父母施壓，要他學醫而不是學藝術。
feel pressure from [someone] to [verb]
Environmental groups are bringing pressure to bear on the government to ban single-use plastics.
環保團體向政府施加壓力，要求禁用一次性塑膠製品。
Under pressure from investors, the company agreed to change its hiring policy.
在投資人的壓力下，那間公司同意改變招聘政策。
The teenager gave in to peer pressure and started smoking with the older kids.
那名青少年屈服於同儕壓力，開始跟著較大的孩子抽菸。
- persuasion
gentler approach; pressure implies stronger or unwelcome influence
- coercion
more forceful, often involving threats; pressure can be milder
- influence
broader, can be positive or negative; pressure is more active
- encouragement
supportive urging rather than forceful influence
用法筆記
Often followed by 'on' + person/group. 'Peer pressure' and 'pressure from' are very frequent patterns. This sense is distinct from sense 2 (stress/anxiety) in that it focuses on the act of influencing someone rather than the resulting worry.
常見錯誤
5. the feeling that you must meet a high standard because of something someone just
話語壓力
因他人話語而生的心理壓力
the feeling that you must meet a high standard because of something someone just said or implied — often used humorously with 'no pressure'
"This presentation will decide your promotion — no pressure!" her colleague said with a grin.
「這場簡報會決定你的晉升——別有壓力喔！」她的同事笑著說。
"no pressure" — ironic set phrase
Ari's friends kept telling him the race was easy, which only added to the pressure he felt.
Ari 的朋友一直跟他說比賽很簡單，反而讓他壓力更大了。
After Marta said she was certain William would win, the pressure was really on him to perform.
Marta 說她確定 William 會贏之後，他感受到必須表現出色的壓力。
Knowing that everyone in the audience was watching, Mira felt the pressure to give a flawless performance.
Mira 知道全場觀眾都在看，感受到必須拿出完美演出的壓力。
- expectation
broader term; pressure in this sense focuses on the motivating force of others' words
- urgency
focuses on time constraint rather than personal expectation
用法筆記
Often appears in set phrases: 'no pressure' (said humorously when a big expectation is stated) and 'the pressure is on' (when an expectation has been created by someone's words). Distinguish from sense 2 (STRESS): this sense is triggered by a specific comment rather than ongoing demands.
6. the sustained offensive push by a team in football (soccer) that forces the oppo
壓迫攻勢
足球中持續進攻的戰術
the sustained offensive push by a team in football (soccer) that forces the opposing defenders to stay busy trying to prevent a goal
The Brazilian team kept up the pressure in the second half and finally scored in the 75th minute.
巴西隊在下半場持續施壓，終於在第75分鐘進球。
keep up the pressure — sports usage
The home defence could not handle the constant pressure from the opposing forwards.
主隊的後防線擋不住對方前鋒的持續壓迫。
Samir's back-pass put his own goalkeeper under pressure and the other team nearly scored.
Samir 的回傳球讓自家守門員陷入壓力，對方差點得分。
After withstanding twenty minutes of pressure, the home team cleared the ball and counter-attacked.
主隊撐過二十分鐘的壓迫之後，清球發動反擊。
- defence
the opposing team's effort to stop the attack
用法筆記
Exclusive to football (soccer) commentary and analysis. Common patterns: 'keep up the pressure', 'withstand the pressure', 'under pressure'. Not used in other sports contexts.
pressures — 動詞
- pressurespresent simple I / you / we / they
- pressureses3rd person singular
- pressuresing-ing form
- pressuresedpast simple
1. to keep asking or demanding that someone do something they are unwilling to do,
強迫；施壓
強烈要求對方做不願做的事
to keep asking or demanding that someone do something they are unwilling to do, using arguments, repeated requests, or threats
The salesman pressured Mira into signing a contract she had not fully read.
業務員施壓 Mira 簽下一份她沒仔細看過的合約。
pressure + [someone] + into + [gerund]
Rachid's parents pressured him to become a doctor, but he chose to be a teacher instead.
Rachid 的父母逼迫他當醫生，但他選擇成為老師。
pressure + [someone] + to + [infinitive]
Some landlords pressure their tenants into paying extra fees that are not in the agreement.
有些房東強迫房客繳交合約上沒有的額外費用。
The coach pressured the players to train harder after they lost three matches in a row.
教練在連輸三場比賽後，施壓球員加強訓練。
Vinícius felt that his manager was pressuring him to work at weekends without extra pay.
Vinícius 覺得主管在施壓他假日加班而不給額外報酬。
- coerce
stronger, often implies threats or force rather than argument
- push
less formal; can be positive ('push yourself to improve')
- pressurize
very similar; more common in British English
- force
stronger; implies no choice is given
文法句型
pressure + [someone] + to + [verb]
pressure + [someone] + into + [verb]-ing
用法筆記
Both 'pressure someone to do something' and 'pressure someone into doing something' are common. The 'into + gerund' pattern often implies a slightly more manipulative or forceful action. The verb can be used in the passive: 'I felt pressured to agree.'