qualifications
qualifications — 名詞
1. Official documents such as diplomas, certificates, or degrees that prove you hav
證照；資格
完成課程或訓練後取得的官方文件
Official documents such as diplomas, certificates, or degrees that prove you have finished a course of study or a training programme.
Mei-Lin needs a teaching qualification before she can apply for a job at the school.
Mei-Lin 在應徵學校的工作之前需要先取得教師資格證照。
countable, qualification singular/phrase 'a ___ qualification'
Amara listed all her academic qualifications on the application form and sent it off.
Amara 把所有學歷證照都填在申請表上，然後寄了出去。
plural: academic/professional qualifications
Without the right qualifications, it is very hard to find work as an electrician.
如果沒有適當的資格證明，要找到電工的工作非常困難。
Diego earned professional qualifications in accounting after studying for three years.
Diego 花了三年時間學習，取得了會計專業資格證書。
The university accepts students with overseas qualifications if their grades are high enough.
只要成績夠好，這所大學也接受持有國外學歷的學生。
- credentials
more formal, often includes experience as well as documents
- certificate
refers specifically to a single document, not a set of achievements
- diploma
a specific type of qualification awarded by an educational institution
文法句型
usually plural
often followed by in + subject
用法筆記
Countable; frequently used in the plural when referring to a set of credentials a person holds. A single document is a 'qualification' (singular).
常見錯誤
2. A personal quality, skill, or a certain kind of experience that makes a person a
條件；資質
使人適合某項工作的個人特質或經驗
A personal quality, skill, or a certain kind of experience that makes a person a good fit for a particular job, role, or activity — for instance, patience in a teacher, or having lived abroad for a sales job involving travel.
A good sense of humour is one of the qualifications you need to work on our team, Deepa said.
Deepa 說，要在我們團隊工作，幽默感是必備條件之一。
uncountable/plural: personal qualities as qualifications
Fatima has all the qualifications for the manager position, including five years of experience.
Fatima 完全具備擔任經理職位的條件，包括五年的工作經驗。
phrase: 'have the qualifications for [role]'
The only qualification you need for this volunteer role is a willingness to help others.
擔任這個志工只需要一個條件，就是樂於幫助他人。
Vikram's ability to speak three languages is a key qualification for the international sales job.
Vikram 能說三種語言，這是國際銷售職位的一項關鍵條件。
Kwame believes that honesty is the most important qualification for anyone working in public service.
Kwame 認為，誠實是從事公職最重要的人格特質。
- requirement
more neutral; a qualification is something you bring, a requirement is what the job asks for
- attribute
broader; can include personality traits not necessarily tied to job suitability
- asset
focuses on the value of the quality to the employer
文法句型
a qualification for [role]
the qualifications to do something
用法筆記
Can be countable (a single quality: 'patience is a qualification') or uncountable ('he has the qualification of being bilingual'). Unlike sense 1, this does not refer to an official document.
常見錯誤
3. The achievement of the required standard or result that allows a person or team
晉級
達到標準而進入比賽或下一輪
The achievement of the required standard or result that allows a person or team to enter a sports competition, a tournament, or the next stage of a contest.
The team earned qualification for the Asian Cup after winning their final match.
這個隊伍贏了最後一場比賽，取得了亞洲盃的參賽資格。
uncountable: 'earn qualification for [event]'
Rosa's time of 4 minutes and 10 seconds secured her qualification for the Olympic trials.
Rosa 以 4 分 10 秒的成績取得了奧運選拔賽的參賽資格。
Only the top three runners from each heat will win qualification to the semi-finals.
每場預賽只有前三名跑者能晉級半決賽。
The coach told the players that qualification for the World Cup depended on their next two games.
教練告訴球員，他們能否晉級世界盃要看接下來兩場比賽的結果。
- entry
purely about gaining access, without the idea of meeting a standard
- advancement
emphasises moving to the next stage rather than meeting a condition
文法句型
qualification for [event]
qualification to [stage]
用法筆記
Uncountable — you do not say 'a qualification' or 'qualifications' in this sense. It refers to the process or fact of qualifying, not to a document or personal quality.
常見錯誤
4. A statement or detail added to what you have said or written in order to limit i
但書；保留
對陳述附加的限制或保留條件
A statement or detail added to what you have said or written in order to limit its effect, make it less general, or avoid being misunderstood.
Elena agreed to help, but with the qualification that she would not work on weekends.
Elena 答應幫忙，但附帶一個條件：她週末不工作。
phrase: 'with the qualification that [clause]' = condition
The report supports the new policy, although it adds one important qualification about the cost.
這份報告支持新政策，但針對成本追加了一項重要的但書。
The lawyer said yes without any qualification, meaning there were no hidden conditions.
律師毫無保留地答應了，意思是沒有任何隱藏條件。
I agree with your plan, but I have a qualification: we need to check the budget first.
我同意你的計劃，但我有一個但書：我們需要先確認預算。
- condition
broader and more common; used in everyday and legal contexts
- proviso
more formal, typically used in legal documents
- reservation
often negative — a doubt rather than a neutral condition
文法句型
with the qualification that [clause]
without qualification
用法筆記
Formal; common in legal, academic, or professional writing. The that-clause after 'qualification' states the specific limit or condition.