rods
rods — 名詞
- rodssingular
- rodsesplural
1. a long, thin straight piece of a hard material such as wood, metal, or plastic,
桿；棒
細長的金屬、木頭或塑膠條
a long, thin straight piece of a hard material such as wood, metal, or plastic, used for hanging things, supporting structures, or reaching things that are far away.
Ezra hung the heavy curtains on a metal rod above the window.
Ezra 用一根金屬桿把厚重的窗簾掛在窗戶上方。
collocation: metal rod / curtain rod
The old fishing rod snapped when Soraya tried to pull in a large fish.
Soraya 用力拉起一條大魚時，那根舊釣竿啪的一聲斷了。
collocation: fishing rod
Steel rods are used inside concrete columns to make buildings stronger.
鋼筋被用來放在混凝土柱中，以增強建築物的強度。
A long wooden rod held the classroom map flat against the wall.
一根長木桿撐住教室裡的地圖，讓它平貼在牆上。
The gardener used a thin rod to support the young tomato plants.
園丁用一根細桿支撐幼小的番茄植株。
用法筆記
Often used in compound nouns such as curtain rod, fishing rod, and lightning rod. The material is frequently specified: a steel rod, a wooden rod, a glass rod.
常見錯誤
2. a type of light-sensitive cell located within the retina — the thin tissue linin
視桿
視網膜感光細胞，在微弱光線下運作
a type of light-sensitive cell located within the retina — the thin tissue lining the inner surface of the eyeball — that enables you to perceive shapes and motion under very dim lighting.
Joon learned in biology class that rods let him see shapes in a dark room.
Joon 在生物課上學到，視桿細胞讓他在黑暗的房間裡能看見物體的形狀。
cause-effect: rods enable night vision
Rods are more sensitive than cones, so you can see in a dim room.
視桿細胞比視錐細胞對光更敏感，這就是為什麼你在黑暗的房間裡仍能看見東西。
comparative structure: more sensitive than
When Jin entered the dark cinema, his rods helped his eyes adjust.
Jin 走進昏暗的電影院時，他的視桿細胞幫助眼睛適應黑暗。
In the twilight garden, Esme noticed everything looked grey because only her rods were active.
在暮色中的花園裡，Esme 注意到所有東西看起來都是灰濛濛的，因為只有她的視桿細胞在運作。
- rod cell
the full scientific name for this cell type
- cone
the other type of light-sensitive cell in the retina, responsible for colour vision in bright light
用法筆記
Almost always used in the plural (rods) when referring to this type of cell. The singular (a rod) is possible but rare. Typically contrasted with cones, the colour-detecting cells.
常見錯誤
3. a traditional way of stating length or area, equal to about 5.03 metres (16.5 fe
測量桿
英制長度或面積單位（約5.03公尺）
a traditional way of stating length or area, equal to about 5.03 metres (16.5 feet) as a linear measure, or a square measuring one rod on each side for area.
The old farm measured thirty rods from the barn to the river.
那座老農場從穀倉到河邊的距離是三十桿。
collocation: measured in rods
Surveyors in the 1800s often wrote property boundaries in rods and chains.
十九世紀的土地測量員常用桿和鏈來記錄地界。
The field was exactly one rod wide and ten rods long.
那塊田地剛好一桿寬、十桿長。
The surveyor told Lien that her family's plot of land was exactly ten rods wide.
測量員告訴 Lien，她家的那塊地剛好是十桿寬。
用法筆記
Very rarely used in modern everyday speech. You are most likely to find this sense in historical documents, old property deeds, or countryside measurements in the UK and US.
常見錯誤
4. a highly offensive slang term used to refer to a man's sexual organ.
陰莖
對陰莖的粗俗說法，具冒犯性
a highly offensive slang term used to refer to a man's sexual organ.
The comedian was fined for using the word 'rod' on live television.
那位喜劇演員因為在直播節目中使用 rod 這個詞而被罰款。
offensive slang — avoid in polite speech
The script was edited to remove a crude joke that included the word 'rod'.
劇本經過修改，刪除了一段包含 rod 這個詞的低級笑話。
Some old movies used 'rod' as a crude way to refer to male anatomy.
有些老電影把 rod 當作指稱男性生殖器的粗俗用語。
The school warned students not to use the slang term 'rod' during class.
學校警告學生不要在課堂上使用 rod 這個俚語。
用法筆記
Strongly offensive in most contexts. Equivalent in vulgarity to several other taboo terms for the same body part. Not appropriate in formal, academic, or polite conversation. Learners should understand the meaning but avoid using it.
常見錯誤
5. a type of bacterium that has a long, narrow shape resembling a thin straight sti
桿菌
細長棒狀的細菌
a type of bacterium that has a long, narrow shape resembling a thin straight stick.
Dr. Obi showed Gabriela rod-shaped E. coli bacteria under the classroom microscope.
Obi 老師在教室的顯微鏡下讓 Gabriela 觀察桿狀的大腸桿菌。
collocation: rod-shaped bacteria
The lab report showed Gram-positive rods in the patient's blood sample.
檢驗報告顯示病人的血液樣本中有革蘭氏陽性桿菌。
Under the microscope, the rods appeared as tiny straight lines among round cocci.
在顯微鏡下，桿菌看起來像細小的直線，散布在圓形的球菌之間。
The doctor identified the infection as caused by a rod-shaped bacterium called Bacillus.
醫生判斷感染是由一種稱為芽孢桿菌屬的桿狀細菌引起的。
- bacillus
the scientific Latin term for any rod-shaped bacterium; also the name of a specific genus
- coccus
a spherical-shaped bacterium
用法筆記
Primarily a technical term used in microbiology and medical contexts. Bacteria are classified into three basic shapes: rods (bacilli), spheres (cocci), and spirals (spirilla).