smoke
/sməʊk/ (bre, ipa) · /sməʊk/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈsmōk/ (ame, mw) · /smoʊk/ (ame, ipa)
smoke — 名詞
- smokesingular
- smokesplural
1. The cloud of tiny solid particles mixed with gases that you see rising from a fi
煙；煙霧
燃燒產生的可見氣體
The cloud of tiny solid particles mixed with gases that you see rising from a fire or another burning material.
Thick black smoke rose from the burning building as firefighters arrived.
濃濃的黑煙從燃燒的大樓升起，消防隊員隨後趕到。
collocation: thick smoke / black smoke
Salma opened the kitchen window to let the smoke from the burnt toast escape.
Salma 打開廚房窗戶，讓燒焦吐司產生的煙散出去。
Smoke from the factory chimney drifted across the neighbourhood all afternoon.
工廠煙囪冒出的煙整個下午飄散在社區上空。
The smoke detector went off when grey smoke filled the kitchen.
廚房裡充滿灰煙時，煙霧警報器響了起來。
Campfire smoke stung Eli's eyes and made him cough.
營火的煙燻得 Eli 眼睛刺痛，讓他咳個不停。
文法句型
the + smoke + of + noun
smoke + from + noun
2. An occasion when someone breathes smoke from a cigarette, pipe, or cigar into th
抽菸；吸菸
吸食菸草製品的行為
An occasion when someone breathes smoke from a cigarette, pipe, or cigar into the mouth and lungs, usually for enjoyment.
Christopher decided to have a smoke after finishing his lunch.
Christopher 決定吃完午餐後抽根菸。
collocation: have a smoke
The sign on the wall clearly said no smoking inside the building.
牆上的標語清楚寫著建築物內禁止吸菸。
Sana went outside for a quick smoke during the break between meetings.
Sana 在會議空檔時到外面快速抽了一根菸。
Studies show that smoking causes serious damage to the lungs over time.
研究顯示吸菸長期下來會對肺部造成嚴重傷害。
Nellie tried to give up smoking several times before she finally succeeded.
Nellie 戒菸了好幾次，最後終於成功。
文法句型
have + a + smoke
go for + a + smoke
用法筆記
The gerund 'smoking' is far more common than the count noun 'a smoke.' Use 'have a smoke' or 'go for a smoke' in informal conversation.
3. A thin paper tube filled with cut tobacco that people light and burn to inhale t
香菸
用紙包裹菸草的吸用品
A thin paper tube filled with cut tobacco that people light and burn to inhale the smoke, especially when offered for sale or requested from someone else.
Hassan asked if anyone had a smoke he could borrow.
Hassan 問有沒有人有菸可以借他。
informal: 'a smoke' = a cigarette
Bilal bought a pack of smokes at the corner shop on his way home.
Bilal 回家的路上在轉角商店買了一包菸。
plural: smokes
Min put out his smoke in the glass ashtray before entering the office.
Min 進辦公室前把菸在玻璃煙灰缸裡弄熄。
The price of a pack of smokes has gone up twice this year.
一包菸的價格今年已經漲了兩次。
Rafael offered his colleague a smoke from the pack he had just opened.
Rafael 從剛打開的菸盒裡拿出一根菸遞給同事。
- cigarette
the standard formal term for the same object
文法句型
a + smoke
a pack of + smokes
用法筆記
Informal. In writing or formal speech, use 'cigarette' instead of 'smoke.' The plural 'smokes' (a pack of smokes) is very common in everyday conversation.
4. A very large city, especially London, referred to informally with the definite a
大都市
對大城市的俗稱，特指倫敦
A very large city, especially London, referred to informally with the definite article 'the.'
After ten years living in the Smoke, Camille moved back to her home town.
在倫敦住了十年後，Camille 搬回了她的家鄉。
the Smoke = London (British informal)
The trains from our village only go into the Smoke twice a day.
從我們村莊出發的火車一天只進城兩趟。
Young people from all over the country move to the Smoke looking for better jobs.
來自全國各地的年輕人搬到倫敦尋找更好的工作機會。
Sari had always dreamed of living in the Smoke and working in a theatre.
Sari 一直夢想著住在倫敦並在劇院工作。
Soraya took the morning train to the Smoke for a publishing job interview.
Soraya 搭早班火車進城，去參加出版社的面試。
- the big city
more general; not specific to London
文法句型
the + Smoke
用法筆記
Always used with the definite article 'the' — 'the Smoke' (capital S when referring specifically to London). This is informal British and Australian English. Not used in American English.
5. Something that has no real value, substance, or lasting importance — like promis
虛假的事物
沒有實質內容或價值的事物
Something that has no real value, substance, or lasting importance — like promises that turn out to be empty or arguments based on false ideas.
The politician's grand promises turned out to be nothing but smoke.
那位政治人物的宏大承諾最後只是一場空。
nothing but smoke = empty promises
Their business plan was all smoke and no solid financial foundation.
他們的商業計畫全是空話，缺乏紮實的財務基礎。
Nkechi realised that most of the rumours were just smoke with no facts behind them.
Nkechi 意識到大多數謠言只是空穴來風，背後毫無事實根據。
All those awards counted for little and vanished like smoke when the company closed.
那些獎項根本不算什麼，公司倒閉時它們就像煙一樣消散了。
The deal was smoke from the start and the investors never had any real money.
這筆交易從一開始就是空的，那些投資者從來就沒有真金白銀。
- substance
the quality of having real content or value
文法句型
nothing but + smoke
smoke and + mirrors
用法筆記
Rarely used as a bare noun. Almost always appears in fixed or semi-fixed phrases: 'nothing but smoke,' 'vanish like smoke,' or 'smoke and mirrors.'
6. A slang term for the drug marijuana, made from dried cannabis leaves and flowers
大麻
大麻的俚語說法
A slang term for the drug marijuana, made from dried cannabis leaves and flowers, usually smoked for its effects.
The police found a small amount of smoke in the back seat during the search.
警方在搜查過程中在後座發現了少量的大麻。
slang: smoke = marijuana
Some people use smoke to help them relax, though it is illegal in many places.
有些人用大麻來幫助放鬆，不過在許多地方這是非法的。
Sofia could smell the sweet skunky smell of smoke coming from the apartment next door.
Sofia 聞到隔壁公寓傳來一股大麻特有的甜膩嗆味。
The musician was arrested for possession of smoke at the airport.
那位音樂人因在機場持有大麻而被逮捕。
The laws around recreational marijuana smoke have changed in several countries in recent years.
近年來好幾個國家對休閒用大麻的法律有所修改。
文法句型
smell + smoke
possession of + smoke
用法筆記
Informal slang. In writing, context must make the meaning clear ('possession of smoke' vs 'smoke from a fire'). The more formal terms are 'marijuana' or 'cannabis.'
smoke — 動詞
- smokepresent simple I / you / we / they
- smokes3rd person singular
- smoking-ing form
- smokedpast simple
1. To draw smoke from a burning cigarette, pipe, or cigar into your mouth and lungs
抽（菸）；吸
將菸草煙吸入嘴或肺部
To draw smoke from a burning cigarette, pipe, or cigar into your mouth and lungs and then blow it out again, typically as a habit or for enjoyment.
Sofia stood outside the office and smoked a cigarette while waiting for her ride.
Sofia 站在辦公室外面抽了一根菸，一邊等車來接她。
transitive: smoke + [tobacco product]
The doctor told Hassan that if he smoked he should try to quit.
醫生告訴 Hassan，如果他有抽菸就應該試著戒掉。
Min used to smoke a pipe after dinner but gave it up two years ago.
Min 以前會在晚餐後抽菸斗，但兩年前他戒掉了。
Sora sat outside the restaurant, inhaled his cigarette smoke, and blew it into the cold air.
Sora 坐在餐廳外面，深深吸了一口菸，然後把煙吐進寒冷的空氣中。
Nkechi could see her father smoking on the balcony when she got home.
Nkechi 回家時看到父親在陽臺上抽菸。
文法句型
smoke + noun (cigarette, pipe, cigar)
smoke (no object)
常見錯誤
2. To send out or release smoke, usually because something is burning, overheating,
冒煙
因燃燒或過熱而釋放出煙
To send out or release smoke, usually because something is burning, overheating, or has a mechanical fault.
The old engine started to smoke and make strange noises before it stopped.
那台老舊的引擎開始冒煙並發出怪聲，然後才停了下來。
intransitive: engine / machine + smoke
Eli realised the wiring was faulty when he saw smoke rising from the socket.
Eli 看到插座冒出煙來，才發現是電線出了問題。
The factory chimney smoked heavily all day covering the town in a grey haze.
工廠的煙囪終日濃煙滾滾，整個小鎮籠罩在一片灰霧之中。
If your car brakes start smoking you should pull over immediately.
如果你的車子煞車開始冒煙，你應該立刻靠邊停車。
The candles smoked a little when Min first blew them out.
Min 剛吹熄蠟燭時，蠟燭還冒了一陣煙。
- give off smoke
more explicit; phrasal verb
- emit smoke
more formal and technical
文法句型
noun (engine, chimney) + smokes
start + smoking
用法筆記
The subject is typically a machine, engine, chimney, or fire — not a person. This sense is intransitive and does not take a direct object.
3. To hang food over a smouldering wood fire so the smoke dries it and adds flavour
煙燻；燻製
用煙保存或調味肉類魚類或起司
To hang food over a smouldering wood fire so the smoke dries it and adds flavour — a method often used for salmon, ham, or cheese.
The fishermen smoke their catch over cherry wood to give it a rich flavour.
漁民們用櫻桃木來煙燻他們的漁獲，讓魚肉風味濃郁。
transitive: smoke + [food] + over [wood]
Christopher ordered a salad with smoked salmon and fresh herbs.
Christopher 點了一份煙燻鮭魚佐新鮮香草的沙拉。
In the mountains people have smoked meat for centuries to keep it from spoiling.
山區的人們幾個世紀以來一直用煙燻的方式保存肉類，防止腐壞。
Salma bought some smoked cheese from the market and ate it with crackers.
Salma 在市場買了一些煙燻起司，搭配餅乾一起吃。
The family used to smoke their own bacon in a small shed behind the house.
那家人以前會在屋後的小棚子裡自己煙燻培根。
- cure
broader; includes salting, drying, and other preservation methods
- preserve by smoking
more explicit; explanatory
文法句型
smoke + noun (meat, fish, cheese)
smoked + noun (salmon, ham)
用法筆記
The past participle 'smoked' is very commonly used as an adjective in food names — 'smoked salmon,' 'smoked cheese,' 'smoked ham,' 'smoked bacon.'