summative
/ˈsʌm.ə.tɪv/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈsʌm.ə.t̬ɪv/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈsə-mə-tiv How to pronounce summative (audio) -ˌmā-/ (ame, mw)
summative — 形容詞
- summativepositive
- more summativecomparative
- most summativesuperlative
1. relating to a test or piece of work that checks how much a student has learnt at
總結性
在課程或教學單元結束時評量學習成果
relating to a test or piece of work that checks how much a student has learnt at the close of a course or teaching period
Amara sat the summative maths exam on the last Friday of term.
Amara 在學期最後一個星期五參加了總結性數學考試。
collocation: summative exam
Mr. Okonkwo set a summative essay covering everything from the autumn term.
Okonkwo 老師出了一份總結性作文，涵蓋秋季班所學的全部內容。
The head teacher posted the summative grades on the school website in June.
校長六月時在學校網站上公布了總結性成績。
Unlike weekly quizzes, the summative test drew on material from the whole school year.
有別於每週小考，總結性測驗涵蓋了整個學年的內容。
Fatima spent two weeks revising for her summative science assessment.
Fatima 花了兩週時間為她的總結性自然科評量做準備。
- final
broader; applies to anything at the end, not just education
- end-of-course
more specific to courses rather than individual teaching units
- formative
relating to assessment during learning, meant to guide improvement
用法筆記
Almost always used before a noun naming a type of assessment (exam, test, essay, project). Distinguish from formative assessment: formative happens during teaching to guide learning; summative happens after to measure it.
常見錯誤
2. produced by adding together several numbers, scores, or pieces of information to
綜合的
將多項數據或分數合併為單一結果
produced by adding together several numbers, scores, or pieces of information to form one overall figure or result
The researchers calculated a summative score by adding up points from all five rounds.
研究人員將五輪的分數加總，計算出一個綜合分數。
collocation: summative score
Rashid's final mark was a summative figure combining his exam results with coursework.
Rashid 的期末成績是一個綜合數字，結合了考試結果和課堂作業分數。
The app creates a summative rating from user reviews, giving recent ones more weight.
這個應用程式根據用戶評價生成綜合評分，近期評論的權重較高。
A summative index combines data on crime, health, and education for each district.
綜合指數將每個地區的犯罪、健康和教育的數據結合在一起。
The judge reached a summative verdict after weighing evidence from all twenty witnesses.
法官在衡量了二十位證人的證據後，做出綜合裁決。
- cumulative
implies gradual build-up over time rather than weighted combination
- aggregate
more formal and common in statistics and economics
- combined
simpler everyday word but does not imply weighting
- disaggregated
broken into separate parts rather than combined
用法筆記
Subject is typically a numerical value, score, or index. Often used in research, statistics, or data analysis contexts.
3. providing a short statement of the most important points or ideas on a topic
摘要的
提供事物最重要的資訊或觀念
providing a short statement of the most important points or ideas on a topic
Sven wrote a summative paragraph at the top of the report for busy managers.
Sven 在報告最上方寫了一段摘要文字，方便忙碌的主管閱讀。
collocation: summative paragraph
The documentary ended with a summative voiceover that tied all the stories together.
這部紀錄片以一段摘要旁白作結，將所有故事串聯起來。
Each chapter ends with a summative box listing the key points to remember.
每一章結尾都有一個摘要框，列出需要記住的重點。
Oluwaseun gave a summative talk that captured the main ideas from the whole conference.
Oluwaseun 做了一場摘要演講，涵蓋整場會議的主要觀點。
The teacher asked the class for a summative sentence after each reading.
老師要求學生在每次閱讀後寫一句摘要。