summary
/ˈsʌməri/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈsʌməri/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈsə-mə-rē also ˈsəm-rē or -ˌmer-ē/ (ame, mw) · /ˈsʌm.ər.i/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈsʌm.ɚ.i/ (ame, ipa)
summary — 名詞
1. A written or spoken version that presents only the key points of a longer text,
摘要；總結
簡要陳述主要內容的文字或口頭說明
A written or spoken version that presents only the key points of a longer text, a discussion, or an event, leaving out minor details.
Tanvi wrote a one-page summary of the research paper for her classmates.
Tanvi 為同學寫了一頁的研究論文摘要。
summary + of + noun phrase for describing a document's key points
The meeting summary listed the three decisions the team had reached.
會議摘要列出了團隊達成的三項決議。
Before the exam, Linh read a summary of each chapter to refresh her memory.
考試前，Linh 重讀了每一章的摘要來幫助記憶。
Christopher asked his assistant to prepare a summary of last week's sales figures.
Christopher 請助理準備一份上週銷售數字的摘要。
The newspaper printed a short summary of the court case for its readers.
該報紙為讀者刊登了一則法院案件的簡短摘要。
- synopsis
more literary; used for plots of books, films, or plays
- digest
suggests a condensed collection of key information, often published regularly
- abstract
more formal; used for academic articles, research papers, or legal documents
- outline
emphasises structure and organisation of main ideas rather than full content
- full text
the complete original document rather than a condensed version
文法句型
summary + of + noun phrase
常見錯誤
summary — 形容詞
1. Giving only the most important information, without extra details — used to desc
簡要的
只包含重點而省略細節的
Giving only the most important information, without extra details — used to describe a report, table, or explanation that is intentionally brief.
The manager asked for a summary report of the project by Friday.
經理要求在星期五之前提交一份專案的概括報告。
summary report — common business collocation
Élise gave a summary description of the film without revealing the ending.
Élise 對那部電影做了簡要的描述，沒有透露結局。
A summary table at the end of the book lists all the key dates.
書末的概括表格列出了所有關鍵日期。
Professor Okafor provided a summary overview of the course in the first lecture.
Okafor 教授在第一堂課對課程內容做了簡要的概述。
- detailed
includes full information rather than just the main points
文法句型
summary + noun
用法筆記
This sense is almost always used before a noun (attributive position). You would say 'a summary report', not 'the report was summary'.
常見錯誤
2. Carried out swiftly without going through the usual formal or legal steps — most
即決的
不經正式程序立即執行
Carried out swiftly without going through the usual formal or legal steps — most often used for punishments, dismissals, or court procedures that skip the standard process.
The employee received a summary dismissal after being caught stealing from the office.
那名員工因在辦公室偷竊而被即決解僱。
summary dismissal — formal/legal collocation for instant firing
In some jurisdictions, the law allows summary trials for minor traffic offences.
在某些司法管轄區，法律允許對輕微交通違規進行簡易審判。
The court granted summary judgment because the defendant had no evidence to support his case.
由於被告沒有任何證據支持自己的說法，法院做出了即決判決。
Students who broke the dormitory rules faced summary eviction by the housing office.
違反宿舍規定的學生遭到宿舍管理處的即決驅逐。
- immediate
focuses on timing (right away) rather than skipping procedures
- peremptory
more formal; suggests the action cannot be challenged or delayed
- speedy
less formal; emphasises quickness without the legal connotation
- due-process
following proper legal procedures and allowing the person a fair hearing
- formal
carried out according to established rules and procedures
文法句型
summary + noun (legal/formal)
用法筆記
Frequently appears in legal contexts: 'summary judgment', 'summary trial', 'summary dismissal'. The sense implies that a shortcut is taken — not just speed, but the skipping of procedural safeguards that would normally apply.