adversary
/ˈædvəsəri/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈædvərseri/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈad-vər-ˌser-ē ˈad-və-, -ˌse-rē/ (ame, mw)
adversary — 名詞
- adversarysingular
- adversariesplural
1. a person, group, or force that opposes another in a conflict, competition, or di
對手；敵手
在競爭或衝突中對立的一方
a person, group, or force that opposes another in a conflict, competition, or disagreement
During the trial, the prosecutor and the defence lawyer treated each other as adversaries rather than colleagues.
在審判期間，檢察官和辯護律師彼此視為對手而非同事。
adversary used for opposing sides in legal context
The two companies have been fierce adversaries in the electric vehicle market for years.
這兩家公司在電動車市場上已經是多年的激烈對手。
adjective + adversary: fierce adversaries
In the final match, Amara faced a formidable adversary who had won every major title that season.
在決賽中，Amara 面對一個強大的對手，對方已經贏得了該季所有主要賽事。
Deforestation is a common adversary that conservation groups across the region are fighting together.
森林砍伐是整個地區的保育團體正在共同對抗的敵手。
The general studied his adversary's troop movements for weeks before planning the attack.
將軍花了數週研究敵手的部隊調動，之後才策劃進攻。
- opponent
more neutral; can be used in friendly competition without implying hostility
- foe
more literary and dramatic; carries stronger emotional weight
- rival
emphasises ongoing competition for the same goal rather than direct conflict
- antagonist
formal; often used in narratives or literary analysis for the character opposing the protagonist
文法句型
adversary + in [something]
possessive + adversary
用法筆記
More formal than 'enemy'; often used in legal, political, or competitive contexts rather than personal relationships.
常見錯誤
adversary — 形容詞
- adversarypositive
- more adversarycomparative
- most adversarysuperlative
1. describing the attitude or role of an opponent toward the other side in a confli
敵對的
與對手或敵人有關的立場或特質
describing the attitude or role of an opponent toward the other side in a conflict or competition
The two tech giants shifted to an adversary footing after years of cooperation in the smartphone market.
這兩家科技巨頭在合作多年後轉為在智慧型手機市場上採取對立立場。
adversary footing — attributive adjective describing the nature of a relationship
The intelligence unit tracked adversary naval activity in the disputed waters for several months.
情報單位在爭議海域追蹤對手的海軍活動長達數月。
adversary naval activity — attributive adjective modifying a military/strategic noun
The commander ordered his troops to maintain an adversary position despite the enemy's calls for a ceasefire.
指揮官命令部隊保持對立態勢，不顧敵方要求停火的呼籲。
- adversarial
the standard modern adjective; much more common than 'adversary' as an attributive adjective
- hostile
stronger and more emotional; implies active ill will rather than structural opposition
- cooperative
working together willingly toward a shared goal
- friendly
showing kindness and goodwill rather than opposition
文法句型
adversary + noun
用法筆記
This sense is uncommon in everyday speech; 'adversarial' is far more frequent for the same meaning. 'Adversary' as an adjective is nearly always placed before a noun and describes the nature of a relationship or position.
常見錯誤
2. describing a process, system, or situation where opposing sides have directly co
對抗性的
涉及利益或立場對立的，尤指法律或正式場合
describing a process, system, or situation where opposing sides have directly conflicting interests, especially in formal legal or political proceedings
In an adversary legal system, the judge remains neutral while each side argues its case.
在對抗性的法律制度中，法官保持中立，由雙方各自陳述理由。
adversary legal system — describes a structural feature of a system
The negotiation took on an adversary character, with neither side willing to compromise.
談判呈現出對抗的性質，雙方都不願讓步。
adversary character — attributive adjective modifying a noun in a formal context
The dispute was resolved through arbitration, avoiding a costly adversary proceeding in court.
該糾紛透過仲裁解決，避免了代價高昂的法庭對抗程序。
- adversarial
the usual adjective for describing opposing-interest situations outside legal terminology
- antagonistic
suggests active conflict and mutual resistance rather than structural opposition
- consensual
based on mutual agreement rather than opposition
- cooperative
involving joint effort toward a shared outcome
文法句型
adversary + noun (process, system, proceeding)
用法筆記
Almost exclusively appears in legal and formal contexts such as 'adversary system', 'adversary proceeding', or 'adversary hearing'. In everyday language, 'adversarial' is the standard adjective for this meaning.