classes
classes — 動詞
- classespresent simple I / you / we / they
- classeses3rd person singular
- classesing-ing form
- classesedpast simple
1. to decide which group or type a person or thing belongs to, based on their quali
歸類；分類
按特質將人/物歸入某類
to decide which group or type a person or thing belongs to, based on their qualities
Joon classes his cooking as either 'good enough' or 'needs more practice.'
Joon 將自己的廚藝歸類為「還可以」或「還需要多加練習」。
class + as + adjective phrase for category
The hospital classes all head injuries as serious until doctors finish their tests.
這家醫院將所有頭部外傷都歸類為嚴重傷害，直到醫生完成檢查。
institutional subject + class + as + adjective
These documents are classed as confidential and must be kept in a locked cabinet.
這些文件被歸類為機密，必須存放在上鎖的檔案櫃中。
Rachid classes the ancient vase as a rare example of Roman glasswork from the first century.
Rachid 將這只古老花瓶歸類為公元一世紀罕見的羅馬玻璃製品。
- classify
more common in everyday usage
- categorize
often used for organizing information or items
- rank
suggests a hierarchy or order of quality
文法句型
class + noun + as + noun/adjective
用法筆記
Often used in formal contexts to describe official or institutional grouping systems.
classes — 名詞
- classessingular
- classesesplural
1. students receiving instruction together from the same teacher in a school or uni
班級；課堂
一起上課的學生群體
students receiving instruction together from the same teacher in a school or university setting.
Naoko's art class has only eight students this semester.
Naoko 的美術班這學期只有八名學生。
The whole class laughed when the teacher dropped her chalk.
老師弄掉粉筆時，全班都笑了。
whole class — referring to all students as one group
Students in the morning class finished their project early.
上午班的學生提早完成了他們的專題。
Chiara is the tallest person in her English class.
Chiara 是她的英文課上最高的人。
2. a regular period of time during which a teacher gives a lesson to a group of stu
上課時間；課
教師授課的一段時間
a regular period of time during which a teacher gives a lesson to a group of students.
Dario fell asleep during history class yesterday afternoon.
Dario 昨天下午在歷史課上睡著了。
Eleni has three music classes every Tuesday and Thursday.
Eleni 每星期二和星期四都有三堂音樂課。
every Tuesday and Thursday — frequency pattern with days
The school decided to make each class forty-five minutes long.
學校決定將每節課縮短為四十五分鐘。
Ayesha always sits at the front during maths class so she can see the board clearly.
Ayesha 總是坐在數學課的前排，這樣才能看清楚黑板。
用法筆記
Often used with a subject name before 'class' (e.g. history class, maths class, science class).
常見錯誤
3. a scheduled session where an instructor leads a group through physical activitie
運動；健身
有教練帶領的運動時段
a scheduled session where an instructor leads a group through physical activities, often set to music.
Joaquín goes to a yoga class every Saturday morning at the community centre.
Joaquín 每星期六早上都會去社區活動中心上瑜伽課。
A spin class at the gym usually burns around five hundred calories.
健身房的飛輪課通常能消耗大約五百卡路里。
spin class / yoga class / fitness class — noun + class pattern
The Zumba class was so full that some people had to stand near the back wall.
尊巴舞課人太多了，有些人只好靠著後牆站。
A Pilates class can help strengthen your lower back muscles over time.
定期上彼拉提斯課有助於強化下背部肌肉。
用法筆記
Commonly used with a type of exercise before 'class' (e.g. yoga class, spin class, dance class, Zumba class).
4. all the students who finish their studies successfully at a school, college, or
屆；年級
同年畢業的全體學生
all the students who finish their studies successfully at a school, college, or university in the same year.
The class of 2023 held their graduation ceremony in the main hall.
2023 屆的畢業典禮在大禮堂舉行。
class of [year] — standard pattern for graduating group
Defne was chosen to give a speech on behalf of her entire graduating class.
Defne 被選中代表整個畢業班致詞。
Over ninety percent of the senior class found jobs within three months.
應屆畢業班有超過百分之九十的學生在三個月內找到了工作。
Since graduation, the class of 2019 has organized a reunion every five years.
自畢業以來，2019 屆每五年就會舉辦一次同學會。
- graduating class
more explicit about the graduation context
- year group
common in British English; broader — does not necessarily imply graduation
用法筆記
Frequently appears in the phrase 'class of [year]' (e.g. class of 2024). Also called 'graduating class' or 'senior class' in American English.
常見錯誤
5. a section of a society whose members have roughly the same amount of money, scho
階級；階層
經濟與社會地位相近的人群
a section of a society whose members have roughly the same amount of money, schooling, and social standing.
The working class in many countries has seen wages rise slowly over the past decade.
許多國家的工人階級在過去十年間薪資成長緩慢。
working class / middle class / upper class — social rank categories
Nellie grew up in a middle-class family that valued education above everything else.
Nellie 在一個非常重視教育的中產階級家庭長大。
Some people believe that social class still affects a child's chances of success at school.
有些人認為社會階級仍然會影響孩子在學校的發展機會。
Yasmin's research explores how class shapes people's access to healthcare.
Yasmin 的研究探討了階級如何影響人們取得醫療服務的機會。
- social class
the full formal term; 'class' is the shortened version
- socioeconomic status
more formal and academic; includes income, education, and occupation
- stratum
technical term used in sociology
用法筆記
Often combined with modifiers — working class, middle class, upper class, lower class — to indicate the level of wealth and status. In academic contexts, 'social class' is the standard term.
6. a category showing the quality, price, or service standard of a product or servi
等級；級別
依品質或價格劃分的商業分級
a category showing the quality, price, or service standard of a product or service within a ranked commercial grading system
Sivan always books a business-class seat when flying to Tokyo for work.
Sivan 去東京出差時總是訂商務艙的座位。
business class / first class — quality tier patterns
Hotels in this price range are considered first-class accommodation by most travellers.
這個價格範圍內的旅館被多數旅客視為一流住宿。
The airline offers three classes of tickets — economy, premium, and business.
這家航空公司提供三種艙等——經濟艙、豪華經濟艙和商務艙。
Furniture of this class is made with solid wood and costs much more than cheaper options.
這種等級的家具使用實木製作，價格比便宜的選項高出許多。
用法筆記
This sense focuses on commercial quality and price tiers — hotel star ratings, airline cabin classes, product grades. The modifier always names the tier level (first class, business class, economy class, top class). Distinguish from sense 12 (CATEGORY OR TYPE), which covers abstract categories or types in any domain without reference to a price or quality ranking.
7. In the British university system, the level of achievement shown in a student's
學位等級
英國大學的學位成績分級制度
In the British university system, the level of achievement shown in a student's final degree result, such as first-class or second-class honours.
Mei-Lin was thrilled to graduate with a first-class degree from the University of Edinburgh.
Mei-Lin 對於能夠以一等榮譽學位從愛丁堡大學畢業感到非常興奮。
collocation: first-class degree / second-class degree
Oliver's upper second-class degree helped him get a place on a competitive graduate training programme.
Oliver 的二級甲等榮譽學位幫助他獲得了一個競爭激烈的研究生培訓計劃名額。
To earn a first-class honours degree, students must achieve very high marks across all their final exams.
要獲得一等榮譽學位，學生必須在所有期末考試中取得非常高的分數。
Some employers specifically ask for applicants with an upper second-class degree or higher.
有些雇主特別要求求職者須持有二級甲等榮譽學位或以上。
Vikram was proud to receive a third-class degree after overcoming serious financial difficulties.
Vikram 在克服了嚴重的經濟困難後，對於能夠獲得三級榮譽學位感到自豪。
用法筆記
Used mainly in the UK and countries that follow the British degree system. The levels are typically first-class (highest), upper second-class (2:1), lower second-class (2:2), and third-class.
常見錯誤
8. Under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Britain, the risk category given to an illegal
毒品分級
英國法律對非法藥物的分類制度
Under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Britain, the risk category given to an illegal substance — from the most harmful (class A) to the least harmful (class C) — which determines the legal penalties for carrying or selling it.
Possessing a class A drug in the UK can lead to a long prison sentence.
在英國持有 A 級毒品可能會導致長期監禁。
collocation: class A drug / class B drug / class C drug
Kwame explained that class B drugs carry a maximum penalty of fourteen years for dealing.
Kwame 解釋說，根據英國法律，B 級毒品的危險程度被認為低於 A 級。
The court found Santi guilty of supplying class C substances without a licence.
法庭裁定 Santi 未經許可供應 C 級毒品罪名成立。
The police found a small amount of a class B drug in his jacket during the routine stop.
警方在例行攔查時，從他的外套裡發現了少量 B 級毒品。
Campaigners argue that some class C drugs should be re-evaluated for their potential medical uses.
倡議人士認為，部分 C 級毒品應重新評估其潛在的醫療用途。
用法筆記
Specific to the UK Misuse of Drugs Act. Class A includes heroin and cocaine; class B includes cannabis and amphetamines; class C includes some tranquillisers.
9. Used to say that someone or something is so exceptionally good at a given activi
獨一無二
在某方面極其突出，無人可比
Used to say that someone or something is so exceptionally good at a given activity that no other person or thing in that area can be compared to them.
When it comes to baking French pastries, Ananya is in a class of her own.
說到烘焙法式糕點，Ananya 的技藝是獨一無二的。
idiom: be in a class of one's own (people, singular)
The new electric car is in a class of its own for battery range and safety features.
這款新型電動車在續航里程和安全功能方面無人能及。
idiom: be in a class of its own (things, singular)
For sound quality, these wireless headphones are in a class of their own.
就音質而言，這款無線耳機可說是獨一無二。
Most local bands are decent, but this new group from Osaka is no class — their live show is stunning.
大多數本地樂團還算可以，但這支來自大阪的新樂團讓其他人望塵莫及——他們的現場演出精彩絕倫。
Of all the young violinists in the competition, Tariq is in a class of his own.
在所有參加比賽的年輕小提琴手中，Tariq 的琴藝獨一無二。
- unrivalled
more formal, can replace the idiom in writing
- second to none
also idiomatic, similar meaning but slightly less emphatic
- in a different league
similar meaning, more common than 'no class' in general English
文法句型
be + in a class of one's own / its own / their own
be + no class
用法筆記
The core idiom 'in a class of one's own' requires pronoun agreement with the subject: 'in a class of her/his own' for people (singular), 'in a class of their own' for plural people or things, and 'in a class of its own' for singular things. The variant 'no class' (British informal) inverts the polarity: 'X is no class' means X is far better than Y, NOT that X lacks sophistication. This is the same domain of exceptional quality expressed through a different grammatical pattern.
常見錯誤
10. a quality that makes someone or something appear stylish, elegant, or impressive
時尚；優雅
具有時尚高雅的氣質
a quality that makes someone or something appear stylish, elegant, or impressive in appearance, behaviour, or manner
Hoa wore a simple black dress to the ceremony, and everyone admired her class.
Hoa 穿著一件簡單的黑裙參加典禮，大家都欣賞她的高雅氣質。
uncountable noun: 'class' used without article for style quality
The hotel they chose has real class — from the marble entrance to the rooftop garden.
他們選擇的飯店極具時尚感——從大理石入口到屋頂花園無一不講究。
Pedro handled the criticism with class, thanking the reviewer for their honest opinion.
Pedro 以優雅的態度面對批評，感謝評論者提出誠實的意見。
The wedding decorations showed real class, with fresh flowers and soft candlelight.
婚禮的佈置展現了真正的品味，到處是鮮花和柔和的燭光。
Baraka is known for dressing with class, even on casual Fridays at the office.
Baraka 以穿著有品味聞名，即使在辦公室的便服星期五也毫不馬虎。
- elegance
more formal and often suggests graceful, refined beauty
- style
broader term covering fashion, flair, and personal taste
- sophistication
suggests worldly knowledge and cultured taste
用法筆記
Uncountable — this sense has no plural form. Often used in the fixed phrase 'with class' or 'a person of class'.
常見錯誤
11. in biology, a level in the scientific arrangement of living things, placed above
綱
生物分類中的主要等級
in biology, a level in the scientific arrangement of living things, placed above order and below phylum or division
In biology class, the students learned that birds belong to the class Aves.
在生物課上，學生們學到鳥類屬於鳥綱（Aves）。
scientific usage: 'class' + capitalized taxonomic name
All flowering plants are placed in the class Angiospermae by botanists.
植物學家將所有開花植物歸入被子植物綱（Angiospermae）。
The zoology textbook explains how each class of mammals has unique features.
動物學教科書解釋了每個哺乳動物綱如何擁有獨特的特徵。
Frogs and toads both belong to the class Amphibia but have different lifestyles.
青蛙和蟾蜍都屬於兩生綱，但生活方式截然不同。
Eitan studied how scientists divide insects into different classes by their wing structure.
Eitan 研究科學家如何根據翅膀構造將昆蟲劃分為不同的綱。
用法筆記
In taxonomic writing, the class name is often capitalised and given in Latin. Frequently followed by 'of' (e.g. 'a class of reptiles').
12. a group of people or things that share similar qualities or features, used when
類別；種類
擁有共同特徵的分類，不限於商業領域
a group of people or things that share similar qualities or features, used when sorting or describing them
The products are divided into three classes based on size and price.
這些產品依據尺寸和價格分為三個類別。
passive: 'be divided into classes' for classification
This type of music does not fit into any existing class of popular music.
這類音樂不屬於任何現有的流行音樂種類。
Rohan discovered a whole new class of mathematical problems during his research.
Rohan 在他的研究中發現了一個全新的數學問題類別。
The exam questions fall into two classes: multiple choice and short answer.
考題分為兩類：選擇題和簡答題。
Defne explained that these ancient tools belong to a different class of stone artifacts.
Defne 解釋說這些遠古工具屬於另一類石器。
用法筆記
This sense covers general abstract categories or types of things in any domain — types of problems, kinds of music, sorts of artifacts. The focus is on shared features that define a group, not on a quality or price ranking. Distinguish from sense 6 (QUALITY GROUP), which is specifically about commercial service tiers (airline cabins, hotel ratings, product grades).
常見錯誤
❌ 'This belongs to a different class of products' is correct but many learners say 'kind' or 'sort' instead — both are acceptable, but 'class' is more formal and precise for technical or commercial sorting.
13. a set of teaching sessions that cover a particular subject, typically held over
課程
一系列教學課程
a set of teaching sessions that cover a particular subject, typically held over several weeks or months at a school or university
Sofia is taking a class in ancient Greek history at the university this semester.
Sofia 這學期在大學修了一門古希臘史課程。
pattern: 'take a class in [subject]'
The photography class covers everything from camera settings to editing techniques.
這門攝影課程涵蓋了從相機設定到編輯技巧的所有內容。
Anong signed up for an online class to improve her Mandarin speaking skills.
Anong 報名了一門線上課程，以提升她的中文口語能力。
The evening cooking class at the community centre is fully booked this term.
社區中心的晚間烹飪課程這學期已經額滿了。
Hao completed a six-week writing class and published his first short story.
Hao 完成了一門六週的寫作課程，並發表了他的第一篇短篇小說。
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 2 (a single lesson period) — this sense refers to a whole course spanning multiple meetings. In American English, 'class' often replaces the British 'course' at university level.
常見錯誤
classes — 形容詞
- classespositive
- more classescomparative
- most classessuperlative
1. extremely good in quality, behaviour, or character; showing a high level of skil
一流的
形容品質或行為極佳，常用於英式俚語
extremely good in quality, behaviour, or character; showing a high level of skill or style. Used informally to express strong approval in British English. Covers both the predicative pattern ('She is class') and the attributive pattern ('a class performance', 'a class act').
Jude kept the audience laughing when the microphone broke — he is a class act.
麥克風故障時，Jude 一邊等修理一邊逗觀眾笑——他真是個出色的表演者。
fixed phrase: 'a class act' for impressive, stylish behaviour
Sofia says the new brunch place near the library is class — the pastries are amazing.
Sofia 說圖書館附近那間新的早午餐店很讚——他們的糕點好吃極了。
predictive use: 'be class' for excellent quality
Adaeze gave a class performance at the piano recital and received a standing ovation.
Adaeze 在鋼琴演奏會上的表現極為出色，獲得了全場起立鼓掌。
Justin's speech at the award ceremony was pure class — honest, warm, and funny.
Justin 在頒獎典禮上的演講堪稱一流——真誠、溫暖又有趣。
In the school chess tournament, Yumi was class — she beat every opponent without any trouble.
在學校的象棋比賽中，Yumi 的表現堪稱一流——她輕鬆擊敗了所有對手。
As a maths tutor, Amara is class — all of her students improve their grades within weeks.
作為數學家教，Amara 的水平一流——她的學生都在幾週內進步了。
The band's drummer is class; every beat is perfectly timed and full of energy.
那個樂團的鼓手技藝一流；每一個節拍都恰到好處，充滿活力。
文法句型
be class
a class act
用法筆記
Predominantly informal British slang. In attributive position (a class act, a class performance) it suggests style and sophistication. In predicative position (that's class, he is class) it simply means excellent. Note that this adjective sense is historically connected to noun sense 9 (the idiom 'in a class of one's own') — both express exceptional quality, but the adjective is a separate lexical item that functions grammatically as an adjective.