deprivations

deprivations — 名詞

1. a condition in which a person or group does not have the basic things people nee

1.名詞B2
釋義

匱乏

缺乏基本生活所需物資的狀況

a condition in which a person or group does not have the basic things people need to live well, such as enough food, a safe home, or medical care

例句

After the flood destroyed their village, the García family faced severe deprivations for months.

洪水摧毀他們的村莊後，García 一家好幾個月都面臨嚴重的物資匱乏。

collocation: severe deprivations / extreme deprivations

Research shows that children who grow up with material deprivations often have weaker health as adults.

研究顯示，在物質匱乏環境中長大的孩子成年後健康狀況往往較差。

collocation: material deprivations

同義詞
  • hardship

    broader term covering any difficulty, not only material lack; 'deprivations' specifically focuses on things being absent

  • poverty

    emphasises lack of money or resources; 'deprivations' can refer to non-material lacks like sleep or social contact

  • privation

    more formal and slightly old-fashioned; implies severe lack of life's necessities

反義詞
  • abundance

    having more than enough of what is needed

  • comfort

    a state of physical ease and freedom from want

文法句型

deprivations + of + [basic need]

face / suffer / endure + deprivations

用法筆記

Frequently used in the plural form 'deprivations' to describe multiple types of lack or repeated instances of hardship, rather than a single abstract state.

常見錯誤

❌Many children suffer from depression of food' (confusing similar-sounding words).
✅Many children suffer from deprivations of food.
💡'Depression' is a mental health condition; 'deprivation' means lack of basic needs.
❌He experienced a deprivation' (using singular for multiple lacks).
✅He experienced deprivations' or 'He experienced severe deprivation.
💡Use plural when referring to multiple types or instances of lack.

2. a situation in which something a person is entitled to is removed or kept from t

2.名詞B2
釋義

剝奪

奪走或阻止擁有權益的行為

a situation in which something a person is entitled to is removed or kept from them, such as a legal right, a personal freedom, or basic medical care

例句

The government's deprivations of land from indigenous communities sparked widespread protests in 2023.

政府對原住民社區土地的剝奪在 2023 年引發了大規模抗議。

deprivation of [land] — something taken away

Prisoners filed a formal complaint about the systematic deprivations of their right to receive family visits.

囚犯們正式申訴，抗議他們的親屬探視權遭到系統性的剝奪。

deprivation of [right] — legal context

同義詞
  • seizure

    suggests physical taking by force; narrower than 'deprivations'

  • confiscation

    implies official or legal taking; 'deprivations' can be illegal or informal

  • withholding

    focuses on not giving something rather than taking it away

反義詞
  • granting

    giving someone something they need or have a right to

  • restoration

    giving back something that was taken away

文法句型

deprivations + of + [right / freedom / need]

deprivations + of + [someone's] + [right / liberty]

用法筆記

Common in legal, political, and human-rights contexts. The object of the of-phrase specifies what is taken away (rights, land, pay, care) rather than who suffers the loss.

常見錯誤

❌The deprivations of the prisoners' (unclear what was taken).
✅The deprivations of the prisoners' right to medical care were illegal.
💡Always specify what is being taken away.
❌Deprivation of sleep' (when meaning the condition of not having slept).
✅Sleep deprivation
💡When referring to the condition, use sense 1 (LACK OF NECESSITIES); for the deliberate act of keeping someone awake, use sense 2.