discipline
/ˈdɪsəplɪn/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈdɪsəplɪn/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈdi-sə-plən/ (ame, mw) · /ˈdɪs.ə.plɪn/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈdɪs.ə.plɪn/ (ame, ipa)
discipline — 名詞
- disciplinesingular
- disciplinesplural
1. A system of training that teaches people to follow rules and control their behav
紀律；管教
透過規則與獎懲養成的行為訓練
A system of training that teaches people to follow rules and control their behaviour, usually by using rewards when they obey and punishments when they break the rules.
Naoko's parents believe that discipline at home helps children learn right from wrong.
Naoko 的父母相信，家中的管教能幫助孩子分辨是非。
collocation: discipline at home
The school has a strict discipline policy that students must follow.
該校制定了嚴格的紀律政策，所有學生都必須遵守。
collocation: strict discipline policy
Without proper discipline, the classroom quickly became noisy and hard to manage.
如果沒有適當的紀律，教室很快就會變得吵鬧難管。
Good discipline in the army means soldiers act immediately when given an order.
軍中的良好紀律意味著士兵一接到命令就能立即行動。
The teacher created a discipline system that rewarded students for finishing their work on time.
這位老師建立了一套紀律機制，獎勵按時完成作業的學生。
- training
Focuses on instruction and practice; more neutral than 'discipline', which implies rule-following and consequences
- regulation
Emphasises formal rules and control; less about personal development than 'discipline'
- order
Describes the resulting state of control, not the system of training itself
- chaos
Complete disorder and lack of control, the opposite of what discipline produces
用法筆記
Often described with adjectives such as 'good', 'strict', 'proper', or 'poor'. Common in educational, military, parenting, and workplace contexts.
2. The power to manage your own emotions and choices, particularly when you face di
自制力
控制自己情緒與行為的能力
The power to manage your own emotions and choices, particularly when you face difficulty or feel tempted to do something you should not do.
Zayd showed great discipline by finishing his homework before playing video games.
Zayd 展現了很棒的自制力，他在玩電玩之前先把功課做完。
collocation: show discipline
Saving money instead of spending it on things you want takes real discipline.
把錢存起來而不馬上花掉想買的東西，需要真正的自制力。
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Running a marathon requires mental discipline as much as physical strength.
跑馬拉松不僅需要體力，也需要心理上的自制力。
Jude's discipline helped him stick to his exercise routine even on rainy mornings.
Jude 的自制力幫助他即使在雨天早晨也能堅持運動。
Her discipline at work earned her a reputation as someone who always meets her deadlines.
她在工作上的自律為她贏得了準時完成任務的名聲。
- self-control
Nearly identical; 'self-control' emphasises restraint of impulses, while 'discipline' suggests a trained habit
- restraint
Often passive — holding back from doing something; 'discipline' is more active and ongoing
- willpower
Focuses on mental strength to resist temptation; 'discipline' also covers consistent routines and habits
- composure
Refers to keeping calm under pressure; narrower in scope than 'discipline'
- indulgence
Giving in to desires without restraint, the opposite of disciplined self-control
用法筆記
Common with verbs such as 'show', 'have', 'require', 'take' (as in 'takes discipline'). Unlike sense 1, this sense describes an inner quality of self-regulation rather than an external system of rules.
常見錯誤
3. A recognised branch of knowledge that scholars study and investigate, usually of
學科
大學或學術研究領域的知識分支
A recognised branch of knowledge that scholars study and investigate, usually offered as a subject in a university or other higher education setting.
Élise chose to study psychology because it was the discipline that interested her most.
Élise 選擇攻讀心理學，因為這是最讓她感興趣的學科。
Biology is a broad discipline that covers everything from cells to entire ecosystems.
生物學是一門涵蓋範圍很廣的學科，從細胞到整個生態系統都包括在內。
The university offers courses in over fifty academic disciplines.
這所大學提供超過五十門學術學科的課程。
Ravindra's research crosses several disciplines, including physics and engineering.
Ravindra 的研究橫跨多個學科，包括物理學和工程學。
The archaeology professor, Dr. Darius, told his students their discipline required careful digging and note-taking.
考古學教授 Darius 博士告訴他的學生，他們這門學科需要仔細挖掘和記錄。
用法筆記
Used primarily in academic and research contexts. 'Discipline' is broader than 'subject' — a discipline is a recognised field with established research traditions and departments. Often paired with 'academic'.
discipline — 動詞
- disciplinepresent simple I / you / we / they
- disciplines3rd person singular
- disciplining-ing form
- disciplinedpast simple
1. To punish someone for breaking a rule or doing something wrong, in order to corr
懲罰；處罰
因為犯錯而給予懲戒以矯正行為
To punish someone for breaking a rule or doing something wrong, in order to correct their behaviour and prevent it from happening again.
The manager disciplined the employee for arriving late three times in one week.
經理因為這名員工一週內遲到三次而懲罰了他。
collocation: discipline [someone] for [something]
Tamar's father disciplined her after she lied about finishing her weekend homework.
Tamar 說謊說自己做完週末作業後，她的父親處罰了她。
The coach disciplined the players who skipped practice without telling anyone.
教練處罰了那些沒告訴任何人就缺席練習的球員。
Students who cheat on exams will be disciplined by the school administration.
考試作弊的學生將會受到學校行政部門的處分。
Chidi was disciplined for shouting during the assembly in front of the whole school.
Chidi 因為在全校集合時大聲喊叫而受到了處罰。
- reward
The opposite of punishing; used to encourage good behaviour rather than discourage bad behaviour
文法句型
discipline + person + for + [action]
用法筆記
Typically used when an authority figure (parent, teacher, manager, coach) punishes someone under their responsibility. The object is the person being punished, not the behaviour itself. Frequently used in the passive voice: 'He was disciplined for…'
常見錯誤
2. To train someone to control their behaviour and follow rules through instruction
訓練；管教
透過教導與練習養成自律的行為
To train someone to control their behaviour and follow rules through instruction, repeated practice, and clear expectations.
Naoko's parents disciplined her to finish her chores before watching television.
Naoko 的父母從小訓練她在看電視之前先做完家事。
collocation: discipline [someone] to [do something]
The programme is designed to discipline young athletes both mentally and physically.
這個計劃旨在從心理和體能兩方面訓練年輕運動員。
collocation: discipline [someone] mentally and physically
Caio disciplined himself to wake up at five every morning for his training session.
Caio 訓練自己每天早上五點起床進行鍛鍊。
The teacher worked hard to discipline the class so they could learn without disruption.
老師努力管教這個班級，讓他們能夠不受干擾地學習。
Ari disciplined his mind to stay calm and focused during every match he played.
Ari 訓練自己的心智，讓自己在每場比賽中都能保持冷靜和專注。
- train
Broader and more neutral; 'train' can apply to any skill, while 'discipline' specifically targets behaviour and self-control
- coach
Often sports-specific or performance-focused; implies guidance rather than rule enforcement
- mould
Emphasises shaping character or habits over time; more figurative than 'discipline'
- spoil
To allow someone to behave without limits, the opposite of training self-control
文法句型
discipline + person + to + infinitive
discipline + reflexive pronoun + to + infinitive
用法筆記
Often followed by a reflexive pronoun ('discipline yourself') or an infinitive clause ('discipline someone to do something'). Unlike sense 1 (PUNISH), this sense is about building habits and self-control through training, not about punishing wrongdoing.