fragmentation
/ˌfræɡmenˈteɪʃn/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌfræɡmenˈteɪʃn/ (ame, ipa) · /ˌfrag-mən-ˈtā-shən -ˌmen-/ (ame, mw)
fragmentation — 名詞
1. the way something whole — like a group, a market, or a physical object — splits
碎裂；分化
整體分散成許多小單位
the way something whole — like a group, a market, or a physical object — splits into many smaller pieces that no longer work together as one.
The fragmentation of the music industry into hundreds of small labels changed how new artists got signed.
音樂產業碎裂成數百家小廠牌，徹底改變了新人歌手簽約的方式。
fragmentation of [industry/market] for splitting into smaller players
Niran's research focused on the fragmentation of plastic bottles into tiny pieces called microplastics.
Niran 的研究專注於塑膠瓶碎裂成微塑膠的過程。
fragmentation of [physical object] into smaller pieces
Political fragmentation in the country made it impossible to pass any new tax laws.
國內的政治分化讓任何新稅法都無法通過。
Mira warned that further fragmentation of the team would slow down every project they ran.
Mira 警告，團隊若再進一步分化，每個專案都會被拖慢。
Years of war led to the fragmentation of the old empire into seven separate states.
多年戰爭導致舊帝國分裂成七個獨立國家。
- splintering
often political or organizational; suggests sharp, hostile breaks
- disintegration
stronger; implies the whole has fully fallen apart, not just split
- breakup
more everyday; covers relationships and organizations more than physical matter
- consolidation
the opposite movement — many small parts joining into one
- unification
used of groups or countries coming together
文法句型
fragmentation of [noun]
用法筆記
Subject of 'fragmentation of' is usually a market, industry, society, audience, or physical material. The noun is uncountable and rarely takes a plural.
常見錯誤
2. a way that some simple living things, such as worms or certain plants, reproduce
斷裂生殖
生物分裂出新個體的繁殖方式
a way that some simple living things, such as worms or certain plants, reproduce by splitting their body into separate pieces, where each piece then grows into a new individual.
Many starfish reproduce by fragmentation, regrowing a whole new body from a single broken arm.
許多海星以斷裂生殖繁衍，能從單一斷臂長出完整的新身體。
reproduce by fragmentation — the standard scientific phrasing
In biology class, Yuna learned that fragmentation lets some flatworms create copies of themselves without a mate.
在生物課上，Yuna 學到某些扁形蟲透過斷裂生殖無須配對就能複製自身。
Mosses commonly spread through fragmentation, when small broken pieces land on damp soil and grow.
苔蘚常透過斷裂生殖擴散，小塊碎片落在潮濕土壤上就能生長。
Some species of sea sponges rely on fragmentation as their main way of producing new young.
某些海綿物種主要依靠斷裂生殖來產生新的下一代。
- asexual reproduction
the broader category; fragmentation is one form of it
文法句型
reproduction by fragmentation
用法筆記
Only this sense takes the verb 'reproduce by' / 'spread through'. Distinguish from sense 1 by subject: a living organism, not a market or object.