framing
/ˈfreɪ.mɪŋ/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈfreɪ.mɪŋ/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈfrā-miŋ/ (ame, mw)
framing — 名詞
- framingsingular
- framingsplural
1. the set of wooden or metal pieces joined together to form the underlying skeleto
結構框架
建築物或車輛內部的支撐骨架
the set of wooden or metal pieces joined together to form the underlying skeleton inside a house, a vehicle body, or a heavy item of furniture — everything else is then fixed onto this skeleton.
Hugo finished the framing of the back porch before the autumn rains arrived.
Hugo 在秋雨來臨前完成了後門廊的結構框架。
framing of [a structure]
Termites had eaten through most of the framing inside the old farmhouse wall.
白蟻已經把舊農舍牆內大部分的結構框架啃食殆盡。
framing as the inner skeleton of a wall
The carpenters spent two weeks putting up the framing for the new gym.
木工花了兩週時間搭建新體育館的結構框架。
Steel framing makes the truck cab much safer in a serious crash.
鋼製框架讓卡車駕駛艙在嚴重車禍中安全許多。
The architect drew red lines on the blueprint showing exactly where each piece of framing would meet.
建築師在藍圖上用紅線畫出每一塊結構框架交接的確切位置。
文法句型
the framing of [a building/vehicle]
用法筆記
Almost always uncountable. Subject is typically a building, vehicle body, or large item of furniture — not small objects.
常見錯誤
2. the work of fitting a decorative wood or metal edge around a picture, mirror, or
裱框；邊框
圍繞畫作或鏡子的裝飾性邊緣
the work of fitting a decorative wood or metal edge around a picture, mirror, or certificate, or the finished edge itself.
Selim asked the shop to do the framing of his grandmother's wedding photograph.
Selim 請店家為他祖母的結婚照做裱框。
the framing of [a picture]
Professional framing for a single oil painting can cost more than the painting itself.
一幅油畫的專業裱框費用，有時比畫作本身還要貴。
professional framing
The gold framing made the small watercolour look much more expensive.
金色的邊框讓那幅小水彩畫看起來高貴許多。
Renata learned the basics of picture framing from her uncle's craft shop.
Renata 從她叔叔的工藝店學會了相片裱框的基本技巧。
The gallery picked simple black framing for every modern photograph on the back wall.
畫廊為後牆每一幅現代攝影作品都挑了簡單的黑色邊框。
文法句型
the framing of [a picture]
[adjective] framing
用法筆記
Typically uncountable when referring to the activity or general type. Distinguishes from sense 3 (composition) by referring to a physical border rather than the arrangement inside the image.
常見錯誤
3. in photography or film, the way the subject and the surrounding shapes, colours,
構圖
照片或電影畫面中主體的安排方式
in photography or film, the way the subject and the surrounding shapes, colours, and empty space are placed within the picture so that the viewer's eye goes straight to the main thing.
Nila praised the tight framing of the bride in the wedding portrait.
Nila 稱讚那張婚禮肖像中新娘的緊湊構圖。
tight framing of [subject]
Good framing keeps the main actor's face clear of any busy background detail.
好的構圖能讓主要演員的臉不受雜亂背景干擾。
framing keeps [subject] clear
The director changed the framing of the scene to show more of the empty street.
導演調整了那場戲的構圖，讓空蕩街景顯露更多。
Sophia studied the framing in every shot of an old black-and-white war film she loved.
Sophia 仔細研究她喜愛的一部老黑白戰爭片中每個鏡頭的構圖。
Poor framing leaves the speaker's head cut off at the top of the screen.
糟糕的構圖會讓說話者的頭被切在畫面最上端。
- composition
broader term covering all visual arts; more formal
- shot
refers to one specific frame; more concrete
文法句型
the framing of [a shot/image]
用法筆記
Domain-specific to visual media (photography, film, video). Distinguishes from sense 2 by referring to internal arrangement of the image rather than a physical border around it.
4. in books or films, a writer's trick of opening and closing the main story with a
框架敘事
在故事首尾包夾主線情節的敘事手法
in books or films, a writer's trick of opening and closing the main story with a separate scene or narrator that helps the reader make sense of what happens in between.
Christopher used a doctor reading old letters as the framing for the whole novel.
Christopher 用一位醫生閱讀舊信件作為整本小說的框架敘事。
[scene] as the framing for [main story]
The framing of the film, set in a quiet care home, gives extra weight to the old soldier's memories.
那部電影以安靜的安養院作為框架敘事，讓老兵的回憶更顯沉重。
framing of [a film]
Élise's short story uses a long train journey as its framing.
Élise 的短篇小說以一段漫長火車旅程作為它的框架敘事。
First-year literature students rarely notice the framing device until their professor points it out.
文學系大一學生通常要等到教授指出，才會注意到框架敘事的手法。
Without the village wedding scene as framing, the war flashbacks in the novel would feel disconnected.
如果沒有那場村莊婚禮作為框架敘事，這本小說中的戰爭閃回會顯得很零散。
- framing device
the full technical term used in literary analysis
- frame story
the outer story containing inner stories; very close in meaning
文法句型
the framing of [a story/novel]
framing device
用法筆記
A literary or cinematic term. Often paired with 'device' — 'framing device' is the most common collocation. Distinguishes from sense 6 by being a structural narrative technique rather than a way of presenting ideas.
5. the exact wording someone picks when they put a question, request, or statement
措辭
表達某個訊息所選用的具體用字
the exact wording someone picks when they put a question, request, or statement into language, and the effect those particular words have on the listener.
Pim disliked the framing of the survey question, which seemed to push for one answer.
Pim 不喜歡那份問卷題目的措辭，感覺在引導特定答案。
framing of [a question]
Careful framing of a complaint email can stop a customer from getting angry.
投訴信中謹慎的措辭可以避免讓顧客越看越火大。
careful framing of [a message]
The lawyer thought hard about the framing of every sentence she would say in court.
那位律師仔細思考她在法庭上每一句話的措辭。
Lukas changed the framing of his apology so it sounded less defensive.
Lukas 修改了道歉的措辭，讓它聽起來不那麼防備。
Even the framing of a nursing job advert can decide whether mostly women apply.
連護理人員徵才廣告的措辭，都能決定來應徵的是否多為女性。
文法句型
the framing of [a question/sentence]
用法筆記
Focuses on word choice and phrasing for a single utterance or text. Distinguishes from sense 6 by being about the surface wording, not the underlying ideas or worldview behind it.
常見錯誤
6. the set of ideas, values, and assumptions a speaker attaches to a topic so that
詮釋角度
引導他人以特定方式理解議題的觀點包裝
the set of ideas, values, and assumptions a speaker attaches to a topic so that listeners end up thinking about it in one particular way rather than another.
Rodrigo argued that media framing of the protests made the protesters look violent.
Rodrigo 認為媒體對抗議活動的詮釋角度讓抗議者看起來很暴力。
media framing of [an event]
The framing of climate change as a future problem makes voters worry less about it today.
把氣候變遷詮釋為未來才會發生的問題，會讓選民現在比較不擔心。
framing of [a topic] as [X]
Folake studies how political framing shapes public opinion during elections.
Folake 研究政治詮釋角度在選舉期間如何影響民意。
Two newspapers gave the strike completely opposite framing on their front pages.
兩家報紙在頭版對那場罷工給出完全相反的詮釋角度。
Changing the framing of the new bridge from cost to investment helped the proposal win council support.
把這座新橋樑的詮釋角度從成本改成投資後，那項提案就順利贏得議會支持。
文法句型
the framing of [an issue/debate]
用法筆記
Common in journalism, politics, and social science. Distinguishes from sense 5 by being about the broader ideological angle, not the literal words. Often modified by 'media', 'political', 'positive', 'negative'.
7. the dishonest act of planting false evidence or telling lies about someone so th
構陷
捏造證據讓無辜者承擔罪名的行為
the dishonest act of planting false evidence or telling lies about someone so that police and courts wrongly believe that person committed an offence they had nothing to do with.
Eli's lawyer claimed the framing of his client was carried out by a corrupt detective.
Eli 的律師主張對其當事人的構陷是由一名貪污警探所為。
framing of [a person]
The documentary exposed the framing of three innocent men by the local police.
那部紀錄片揭露了當地警方對三名無辜男子的構陷。
framing of [innocent people] by [someone]
Hyun spent twelve years in prison before the framing was finally proved in court.
Hyun 在獄中度過十二年後，那次構陷才終於在法庭上獲得證實。
Stefan suspected a deliberate framing as soon as the stolen jewellery appeared in his locker.
失竊珠寶一出現在他置物櫃裡，Stefan 就懷疑這是有預謀的構陷。
The novel begins with the framing of a young teacher for the murder of his neighbour.
這部小說以一名年輕教師被構陷殺害鄰居的事件作為開場。
文法句型
the framing of [a person]
用法筆記
Always negative. Subject of 'framing' is typically a police officer, criminal, or rival. Object is the wrongly-accused person. Distinguishes from sense 6 by involving actual criminal-justice procedure, not just public opinion.