gau
gau — 名詞
1. In early Germanic societies, the main territorial division of a tribe, comprisin
部族區
古日耳曼部落的基本行政區劃
In early Germanic societies, the main territorial division of a tribe, comprising several smaller settlements and governed by a local leader under the tribal assembly.
Tacitus recorded that each gau elected its own leaders at a gathering of free men.
Tacitus 記載，每個部族區都會在自由人集會中選出自己的領袖。
passive: gau + elected + leaders
The Saxon gau of Westphalia sent warriors to support the rebellion against Frankish rule.
西法倫的薩克遜部族區派出數百名戰士參與反抗法蘭克統治的叛亂。
The Chatti tribe's gau had its western boundary along the Weser River, separating it from neighbouring tribes.
Chatti 部族的區劃西側以威瑟河為界，與鄰近部族相隔。
Wulfric owed military service to the gau where his family had lived for three generations.
Wulfric 須向其家族居住了三代的部族區提供軍事服務。
Charlemagne abolished many old gaus and replaced them with counties run by his own officials.
查理曼廢除了許多舊部族區，改由自己派駐的官員管理的郡縣取代。
文法句型
gau + of + place name
the + place name + gau
用法筆記
This sense appears almost exclusively in historical writing about pre-medieval Germanic peoples, especially in translations of Tacitus' Germania. The plural form gaus is standard; the German plural Gaue is occasionally used in English academic texts.
2. Under the Nazi regime (1933–1945), a major administrative region for party organ
納粹黨區
納粹德國劃分的政黨行政區
Under the Nazi regime (1933–1945), a major administrative region for party organisation, each led by a Gauleiter who held both political and governmental authority.
Albert Speer was appointed as the Gauleiter of the Vienna gau in 1943.
Albert Speer 於 1943 年被任命為維也納黨區的大區領袖。
In the town of Hanau, the gau leader appointed all local officials and police chiefs.
在哈瑙鎮，黨區領袖任命了所有地方官員與警察局長。
pattern: gau leader + appointed + officials
Each gau contained its own party headquarters, propaganda office, and branch of the Hitler Youth.
每個黨區都設有自己的黨部、宣傳辦公室和希特勒青年團分會。
After Germany annexed Austria in 1938, Austria was divided into several new gaus under German administration.
1938 年德國兼併奧地利後，奧地利被劃分為數個新的黨區，由德國管轄。
Historian Ian Kershaw used Nazi gau files to show how local officials enforced racial laws in Dachau.
歷史學家 Ian Kershaw 利用納粹黨區檔案，說明地方官員如何在達豪執行種族法律。
- party district
a direct description of what a gau was in the Nazi context
- administrative region
more general; misses the specifically party-political nature of a gau
文法句型
the + place name + gau
gau of + place name
用法筆記
The Nazi gau was distinct from the traditional German states (Länder) — it was an internal party boundary, not a constitutional division. The leader of a gau, the Gauleiter, reported directly to Hitler or to the party chancellery. Most English historical writing capitalises Gau when referring to this Nazi sense.