impenetrability
impenetrability — 名詞
1. a state in which something is so thick, solid, or well-defended that nothing can
無法穿透
無法被穿過或看穿的特性
a state in which something is so thick, solid, or well-defended that nothing can get through or look through it
The ancient fortress walls had an impenetrability that no army could overcome.
古老的堡壘城牆堅固到任何軍隊都無法穿透。
noun + that-clause to describe the quality's effect
Hannah stared at the dense fog, surprised by its impenetrability to the morning light.
Hannah 凝視著濃霧，驚訝於它連晨光都無法穿透。
pattern: impenetrability + to [something trying to pass]
The impenetrability of the jungle made the search for the lost hikers extremely difficult.
叢林難以穿越，搜尋迷路登山客的行動變得極為困難。
Minho tested the impenetrability of the new security glass by firing at it.
Minho 朝新的安全玻璃開槍，測試它是否真的無法穿透。
- porosity
the quality of having small holes that let liquids or gases pass through
- permeability
the degree to which a substance allows liquids or gases to pass through it
文法句型
the impenetrability of [something]
用法筆記
Frequently followed by 'of' + a physical object (wall, forest, shield) or 'to' + what tries to pass (light, bullets, people). Common in military, architectural, and environmental contexts.
2. the extent to which a piece of writing, a set of rules, or an idea is so hard to
難以理解
極難理解或弄明白的性質
the extent to which a piece of writing, a set of rules, or an idea is so hard to grasp that no amount of effort makes it clearer
Layla sighed at the impenetrability of the philosophy text her teacher had assigned.
Layla 嘆了口氣，對老師指定的哲學文本感到難以理解。
pattern: impenetrability + of [complex written material]
The impenetrability of the tax forms frustrated Nicholas, so he hired an expert.
稅務表格的難以理解讓 Nicholas 很頭痛，於是他僱了一位專家。
impenetrability of [official document] causing frustration
Romi enjoyed the poem but found its impenetrability made it hard to discuss with others.
Romi 喜歡這首詩，但發現它難以理解，很難跟別人討論。
The impenetrability of the ancient code meant only a few experts could read it.
古老密碼的難以理解意味著只有少數專家能夠解讀。
- obscurity
suggests something is not well-known rather than actively hard to understand
- incomprehensibility
a more direct synonym, though slightly more technical in tone
- opacity
metaphorically describes something as 'not transparent' to understanding
文法句型
the impenetrability of [complex subject]
用法筆記
Typically used with 'of' + an abstract object such as a text, theory, explanation, or set of instructions. Often carries a tone of frustration or respectful difficulty. More common in academic writing than everyday speech.